Page 1BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE 3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
BIOD 171 MODULE 3 EXAM
10 -9 or one-billionth of a meter
A nanometer is defined as:
False
A nanometer is 1000x smaller than a micrometer
True or False: A nanometer is longer than a micrometer
Resolution refers to the distance between two objects at which the objects can still be seen as separate.
Poor or low resolution means two or more objects may appear as one.
Contrast on the other hand is the difference in light absorbance between two objects. Poor contrast
gives a high background and makes the visualization of multiple objects difficult. For instance, trying to
identify 2 dark colored objects at
night (low light = low contrast) versus the same 2 objects in the middle of
a sunny afternoon (bright light against 2 dark objects = high contrast).
Resolution and contrast are two critical factors that influence your ability to see an object. Explain each.
Objective
Only the oculars (eyepiece) and the objectives contribute to the magnification of the sample. Since the
eyepiece
is fixed, only the objectives could be altered.
Assuming a fixed ocular, identify the part of the microscope you would adjust to enhance the
magnification of a sample.
Iris diaphragm
Assuming a constant (non-adjustable) light source power, identify the part of the microscope you would
adjust to limit the amount of light entering the microscope.
60x objective x 10x ocular = 600x magnification
What is the total magnification on (relative to your eye) of a sample imaged with a 60x objective and a
10x eyepiece? Show your math.
True
Adherent, flat and unstained cells are almost invisible due to the limits on both
resolution and contrast. Therefore, cell staining is often required to adequately image
the sample.
BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE
171 MODULE
3 EXAMBIOD
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
, Page 2BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE 3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
True or False: Staining is often required to image a cell that is adherent and flat (thin).
False: Adherent, flat cells are almost invisible due to the limits on both resolution and contrast
True or False: A cell that is adherent, flat (thin), and unstained is easily identified using bright field
microscopy
B. Protozoa with diameter of 150 μm
D. Skin cell with diameter of 1500 μm
The unaided eye can, on average, clearly resolve objects > 100 μm
Which of the following could be seen clearly by the unaided eye? Select all that apply.
A. Bacteria with diameter of 24 μm
B. Protozoa with diameter of 150 μm
C. Virus with a diameter of 0.2 μm
D. Skin cell with diameter of 1500 μm
A. Bacteria with diameter of 24 μm
C. Virus with a diameter of 0.2 μm
The unaided eye can, on average, clearly resolve objects > 100 μm
2. Which of the following could NOT be seen clearly by the unaided eye? Select all that apply.
A. Bacteria with diameter of 24 μm
B. Protozoa with diameter of 150 μm
C. Virus with a diameter of 0.2 μm
D. Skin cell with diameter of 1500 μm
1F- eyepiece
2D- neck
3B- fine adjustment knob
4G- objective
5A- stage
6H- base
1. Label the following unmarked microscope components (numbered arrows) by matching it with the
components provided
(letters).
Fluorescence
This type of microscope is best suited for visualizing GFP, RFP, and YFP proteins.
Fluorescence
This type of microscope utilizes ultraviolet (UV) light to illuminate stained objects.
BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE
171 MODULE
3 EXAMBIOD
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
BIOD 171
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE 3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
BIOD 171 MODULE 3 EXAM
10 -9 or one-billionth of a meter
A nanometer is defined as:
False
A nanometer is 1000x smaller than a micrometer
True or False: A nanometer is longer than a micrometer
Resolution refers to the distance between two objects at which the objects can still be seen as separate.
Poor or low resolution means two or more objects may appear as one.
Contrast on the other hand is the difference in light absorbance between two objects. Poor contrast
gives a high background and makes the visualization of multiple objects difficult. For instance, trying to
identify 2 dark colored objects at
night (low light = low contrast) versus the same 2 objects in the middle of
a sunny afternoon (bright light against 2 dark objects = high contrast).
Resolution and contrast are two critical factors that influence your ability to see an object. Explain each.
Objective
Only the oculars (eyepiece) and the objectives contribute to the magnification of the sample. Since the
eyepiece
is fixed, only the objectives could be altered.
Assuming a fixed ocular, identify the part of the microscope you would adjust to enhance the
magnification of a sample.
Iris diaphragm
Assuming a constant (non-adjustable) light source power, identify the part of the microscope you would
adjust to limit the amount of light entering the microscope.
60x objective x 10x ocular = 600x magnification
What is the total magnification on (relative to your eye) of a sample imaged with a 60x objective and a
10x eyepiece? Show your math.
True
Adherent, flat and unstained cells are almost invisible due to the limits on both
resolution and contrast. Therefore, cell staining is often required to adequately image
the sample.
BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE
171 MODULE
3 EXAMBIOD
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
, Page 2BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE 3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
True or False: Staining is often required to image a cell that is adherent and flat (thin).
False: Adherent, flat cells are almost invisible due to the limits on both resolution and contrast
True or False: A cell that is adherent, flat (thin), and unstained is easily identified using bright field
microscopy
B. Protozoa with diameter of 150 μm
D. Skin cell with diameter of 1500 μm
The unaided eye can, on average, clearly resolve objects > 100 μm
Which of the following could be seen clearly by the unaided eye? Select all that apply.
A. Bacteria with diameter of 24 μm
B. Protozoa with diameter of 150 μm
C. Virus with a diameter of 0.2 μm
D. Skin cell with diameter of 1500 μm
A. Bacteria with diameter of 24 μm
C. Virus with a diameter of 0.2 μm
The unaided eye can, on average, clearly resolve objects > 100 μm
2. Which of the following could NOT be seen clearly by the unaided eye? Select all that apply.
A. Bacteria with diameter of 24 μm
B. Protozoa with diameter of 150 μm
C. Virus with a diameter of 0.2 μm
D. Skin cell with diameter of 1500 μm
1F- eyepiece
2D- neck
3B- fine adjustment knob
4G- objective
5A- stage
6H- base
1. Label the following unmarked microscope components (numbered arrows) by matching it with the
components provided
(letters).
Fluorescence
This type of microscope is best suited for visualizing GFP, RFP, and YFP proteins.
Fluorescence
This type of microscope utilizes ultraviolet (UV) light to illuminate stained objects.
BIOD 171 MODULE
BIOD 171
3BIOD
EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MODULE
171 MODULE
3 EXAMBIOD
3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
171 MODULE 3 EXAM2026/2027!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
