NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN RETAKE 2
TEST PAPER COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND
ACCURATE RESPONSES
●● Newborn displays a decreased inflammatory response to invading
organisms contributing to:
Answer: an increased risk for infection
●● cellular immunity is:
Answer: generally functional at birth
●● Humoral immunity occurs:
Answer: when the body encounters and then develops immunity to new
diseases
●● The infants risk of infection is higher due to:
Answer: the infant having limited exposure to disease and is losing
passive immunity acquired from maternal antibodies
●● In pediatrics disease protection from immunization id often:
Answer: incomplete
,●● Granulocytes
Answer: first line of defense, phagocytic cells (AKA polymorphonuclear
leukocytes)
●● Neutrophils
Answer: first responders to infectious agents - immature are bands,
mature are segments
●● Eosinophils
Answer: Primary response to infection. also big player in asthma
●● Basophils
Answer: allergic response
●● Lymphocytes
Answer: produce and maintain immune response; B cell, T cell, and
natural killer types
●● Monocytes
Answer: second line of defense - responds to larger and more severe
infections
●● Types of infectious diseases
,Answer: Bacterial infections, viral infection (rabies, viral exanthems),
Zoonotic infections (rabies), vector-borne infections (Lyme disease),
Parasitic and helminthic infections (head lice [pediculosis capitis],
roundworm), sexually transmitted diseases
●● Stages of infectious disease
Answer: incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
●● Incubation
Answer: time from the entrance of pathogen to first symptom, pathogen
is actively multiplying
●● prodrome
Answer: time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue,
malaise) to more specific symptoms of the disease
●● Illness
Answer: signs and symptoms of disease are clearly evident
●● Convalescence
Answer: acute symptoms begin to disappear
●● Chain of infection
, Answer: infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of
transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host
●● methods of preventing infectious disease
Answer: handwashing, adequate immunization, proper handling and
preparation of food, judicious antibiotic use
●● limiting the spread of infection
Answer: standard precautions (tier one), transmission-based precautions
(tier two) - air-borne, droplet, contact
●● Many childhood diseases can be prevented with:
Answer: adequate immunization
●● Many vaccinations require
Answer: multiple doses
●● Diseases prevented by immunizations include:
Answer: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, mumps, measles, rubella,
varicella, poliomyelitis, pertussis
●● Information to obtain in health history
TEST PAPER COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND
ACCURATE RESPONSES
●● Newborn displays a decreased inflammatory response to invading
organisms contributing to:
Answer: an increased risk for infection
●● cellular immunity is:
Answer: generally functional at birth
●● Humoral immunity occurs:
Answer: when the body encounters and then develops immunity to new
diseases
●● The infants risk of infection is higher due to:
Answer: the infant having limited exposure to disease and is losing
passive immunity acquired from maternal antibodies
●● In pediatrics disease protection from immunization id often:
Answer: incomplete
,●● Granulocytes
Answer: first line of defense, phagocytic cells (AKA polymorphonuclear
leukocytes)
●● Neutrophils
Answer: first responders to infectious agents - immature are bands,
mature are segments
●● Eosinophils
Answer: Primary response to infection. also big player in asthma
●● Basophils
Answer: allergic response
●● Lymphocytes
Answer: produce and maintain immune response; B cell, T cell, and
natural killer types
●● Monocytes
Answer: second line of defense - responds to larger and more severe
infections
●● Types of infectious diseases
,Answer: Bacterial infections, viral infection (rabies, viral exanthems),
Zoonotic infections (rabies), vector-borne infections (Lyme disease),
Parasitic and helminthic infections (head lice [pediculosis capitis],
roundworm), sexually transmitted diseases
●● Stages of infectious disease
Answer: incubation, prodrome, illness, convalescence
●● Incubation
Answer: time from the entrance of pathogen to first symptom, pathogen
is actively multiplying
●● prodrome
Answer: time from appearance of non-specific symptoms (fatigue,
malaise) to more specific symptoms of the disease
●● Illness
Answer: signs and symptoms of disease are clearly evident
●● Convalescence
Answer: acute symptoms begin to disappear
●● Chain of infection
, Answer: infectious agent - reservoir - portal of exit - mode of
transmission - portal of entry - susceptible host
●● methods of preventing infectious disease
Answer: handwashing, adequate immunization, proper handling and
preparation of food, judicious antibiotic use
●● limiting the spread of infection
Answer: standard precautions (tier one), transmission-based precautions
(tier two) - air-borne, droplet, contact
●● Many childhood diseases can be prevented with:
Answer: adequate immunization
●● Many vaccinations require
Answer: multiple doses
●● Diseases prevented by immunizations include:
Answer: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, mumps, measles, rubella,
varicella, poliomyelitis, pertussis
●● Information to obtain in health history
