FINAL REVIEW MED SURGE | FROM QUESTION TO
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, What does the far right of the Spectrum of Health represent? Answer: High-Level Wellness
(optimal health and vitality)
What does the far left of the Spectrum of Health represent? Answer: Premature Death (severe
illness and disability)
What is the Neutral Point on the Spectrum of Health? Answer: A state with no clear symptoms
of illness, but not actively pursuing wellness.
What are some influencing factors on a person's position on the health spectrum? Answer:
Lifestyle choices, environment, age, and development.
Name the 8 Dimensions of Wellness. Answer: Physical, Emotional, Social, Intellectual,
Spiritual, Occupational, Financial, Environmental.
What is the principle of Autonomy in healthcare ethics? Answer: Respecting a patient's right to
make their own healthcare decisions.
Give an example of Autonomy in nursing. Answer: Respecting a client's choice to not modify
risk factors like smoking.
What does Beneficence mean in healthcare? Answer: The duty to 'do good' and act in the best
interest of the patient.
Provide an example of Beneficence. Answer: Educating a patient about healthy eating to help
them achieve optimal wellness.
Define Nonmaleficence in healthcare. Answer: The duty to 'do no harm' and avoid actions that
could cause injury or suffering.
What is an example of Nonmaleficence? Answer: Acting quickly to stabilize a severely
dehydrated patient to prevent further organ damage.
What does Justice mean in the context of healthcare ethics? Answer: Fairness in the distribution
of healthcare resources and treatments.
How does Healthy People 2030 aim to improve health? Answer: By setting 10-year goals to
help people live longer, healthier lives free of preventable disease.
What is the focus of Healthy People 2030? Answer: Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
that affect health outcomes.
What is the main goal of the American Heart Association (AHA)? Answer: To focus on
cardiovascular health and prevent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD).
What does the AHA 'My Life Check' program help assess? Answer: Heart health based on 7-8
key factors like blood pressure and cholesterol.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, What does the far right of the Spectrum of Health represent? Answer: High-Level Wellness
(optimal health and vitality)
What does the far left of the Spectrum of Health represent? Answer: Premature Death (severe
illness and disability)
What is the Neutral Point on the Spectrum of Health? Answer: A state with no clear symptoms
of illness, but not actively pursuing wellness.
What are some influencing factors on a person's position on the health spectrum? Answer:
Lifestyle choices, environment, age, and development.
Name the 8 Dimensions of Wellness. Answer: Physical, Emotional, Social, Intellectual,
Spiritual, Occupational, Financial, Environmental.
What is the principle of Autonomy in healthcare ethics? Answer: Respecting a patient's right to
make their own healthcare decisions.
Give an example of Autonomy in nursing. Answer: Respecting a client's choice to not modify
risk factors like smoking.
What does Beneficence mean in healthcare? Answer: The duty to 'do good' and act in the best
interest of the patient.
Provide an example of Beneficence. Answer: Educating a patient about healthy eating to help
them achieve optimal wellness.
Define Nonmaleficence in healthcare. Answer: The duty to 'do no harm' and avoid actions that
could cause injury or suffering.
What is an example of Nonmaleficence? Answer: Acting quickly to stabilize a severely
dehydrated patient to prevent further organ damage.
What does Justice mean in the context of healthcare ethics? Answer: Fairness in the distribution
of healthcare resources and treatments.
How does Healthy People 2030 aim to improve health? Answer: By setting 10-year goals to
help people live longer, healthier lives free of preventable disease.
What is the focus of Healthy People 2030? Answer: Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
that affect health outcomes.
What is the main goal of the American Heart Association (AHA)? Answer: To focus on
cardiovascular health and prevent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD).
What does the AHA 'My Life Check' program help assess? Answer: Heart health based on 7-8
key factors like blood pressure and cholesterol.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
