NURSING FOUNDATIONS FINAL EXAM | FROM
QUESTION TO PERFECTION| STUDY WITH
CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, What act provides a framework for regulating all health professionals in Ontario? Answer: The
Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA), 1991
Which act defines the scope of practice and registration for nurses in Ontario? Answer: The
Nursing Act, 1991
What body regulates nurses in Ontario? Answer: College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO)
What are the four main types of law relevant to nursing? Answer: Statute law, common law,
civil law, and criminal law
What is statute law? Answer: Law created by legislation, such as provincial or federal acts (e.g.,
RHPA, Nursing Act)
What is common law? Answer: Law based on court decisions and precedents
What is civil law in the context of nursing? Answer: Law that deals with disputes between
individuals, such as malpractice lawsuits
What is criminal law in nursing? Answer: Law dealing with crimes against society, such as
assault or criminal negligence
What is beneficence? Answer: Doing good and acting in the best interest of the client
What is non-maleficence? Answer: The obligation to do no harm
What is justice in healthcare ethics? Answer: Providing fair and equitable treatment to all
patients
Which ethical theory is focused on rules and duties? Answer: Deontology (Kant)
Which ethical theory focuses on outcomes and consequences? Answer: Utilitarianism (Mill,
Bentham)
What ethical theory emphasizes relationships and care? Answer: Ethic of Care (Gilligan)
What document guides nurses in ethical decision-making nationally in Canada? Answer: CNA
Code of Ethics (2017)
What organization provides practice standards and guidelines for nurses in Ontario? Answer:
CNO (College of Nurses of Ontario)
What legal principle underlies informed consent? Answer: Autonomy
What is the nurse's legal duty if a client refuses care? Answer: Respect the refusal if the client is
competent and informed
What is MAiD? Answer: Medical Assistance in Dying - legal assisted death under strict criteria
in Canada
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
QUESTION TO PERFECTION| STUDY WITH
CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, What act provides a framework for regulating all health professionals in Ontario? Answer: The
Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA), 1991
Which act defines the scope of practice and registration for nurses in Ontario? Answer: The
Nursing Act, 1991
What body regulates nurses in Ontario? Answer: College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO)
What are the four main types of law relevant to nursing? Answer: Statute law, common law,
civil law, and criminal law
What is statute law? Answer: Law created by legislation, such as provincial or federal acts (e.g.,
RHPA, Nursing Act)
What is common law? Answer: Law based on court decisions and precedents
What is civil law in the context of nursing? Answer: Law that deals with disputes between
individuals, such as malpractice lawsuits
What is criminal law in nursing? Answer: Law dealing with crimes against society, such as
assault or criminal negligence
What is beneficence? Answer: Doing good and acting in the best interest of the client
What is non-maleficence? Answer: The obligation to do no harm
What is justice in healthcare ethics? Answer: Providing fair and equitable treatment to all
patients
Which ethical theory is focused on rules and duties? Answer: Deontology (Kant)
Which ethical theory focuses on outcomes and consequences? Answer: Utilitarianism (Mill,
Bentham)
What ethical theory emphasizes relationships and care? Answer: Ethic of Care (Gilligan)
What document guides nurses in ethical decision-making nationally in Canada? Answer: CNA
Code of Ethics (2017)
What organization provides practice standards and guidelines for nurses in Ontario? Answer:
CNO (College of Nurses of Ontario)
What legal principle underlies informed consent? Answer: Autonomy
What is the nurse's legal duty if a client refuses care? Answer: Respect the refusal if the client is
competent and informed
What is MAiD? Answer: Medical Assistance in Dying - legal assisted death under strict criteria
in Canada
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
