[STUDY GUIDE] • HIGH-YIELD PRACTICE & REVIEW EDITION
HESI Fundamentals Practice Exam
Questions & Answers, Updated 2026/2027
Edition
Comprehensive Examination Question Bank • In-Depth Rationales • Concept Mapping
TOTAL QUESTIONS EXAM TOPICS RATIONALES
80 Questions 12 Modules 100% Verified
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document contains 80 verified questions with correct answers provided, covering essential nursing
concepts. It is designed for students seeking to reinforce their understanding of nursing fundamentals, making
it suitable for exam preparation, course review, and certification readiness.
EXAM BLUEPRINT & TOPIC DISTRIBUTION
Systematic breakdown of subject domains and exam coverage.
Topic Module Scope & Core Focus Questions Share (%)
This topic focuses on the various methods and approaches
Assessment Techniques used in nursing assessments. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic addresses dietary choices and nutritional
Nutritional Needs assessments relevant to various patient conditions. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic covers protocols and calculations related to the
Medication Administration administration of medications. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic highlights practices aimed at ensuring the safety
Patient Safety and Comfort and comfort of clients in various settings. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic explores the considerations and practices involved
End-of-Life Care in caring for clients at the end of life. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic examines the importance of understanding cultural
Cultural Competence differences in healthcare. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic focuses on the education and teaching strategies
Health Education used to inform clients about their health. 7 Qs 8.8%
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,STUDENT STUDY & MASTERY EDITION PRACTICE & REVIEW GUIDE
This topic addresses mental and emotional factors affecting
Psychosocial Considerations client care. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic covers the principles related to the management of
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance fluid and electrolyte imbalances. 6 Qs 7.5%
This topic focuses on practices and principles to prevent and
Infection Control control infections in healthcare settings. 6 Qs 7.5%
This topic highlights the essential care and monitoring
Postoperative Care required following surgical procedures. 6 Qs 7.5%
Legal and Ethical Issues in This topic addresses the legal and ethical considerations that
Nursing nurses must navigate in practice. 6 Qs 7.5%
Total Exam Coverage 12 Integrated Topic Modules 80 Qs 100.0%
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 2 of 36
,STUDENT STUDY & MASTERY EDITION PRACTICE & REVIEW GUIDE
TOPIC 1: ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES
7 Questions • 8.8% of Exam • This topic focuses on the various methods and approaches used in nursing assessments.
QUESTION 1
Which assessment data provides the most accurate determination of proper placement
of a nasogastric tube?
Correct Answer: Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted.
QUESTION 2
A male client tells the nurse that he does not know where he is or what year it is. What
data should the nurse document that is most accurate?
[A] demonstrates loss of remote memory
[B] exhibits expressive dysphasia
[C] has a diminished attention span
[D] is disoriented to place and time
Correct Answer: D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is exhibiting disorientation (D). (A) refers to
memory of the distant
past. The client is able to express himself without difficulty (B), and does not demonstrate diminished
attention span.
(C).
QUESTION 3
In developing a plan of care for a client with dementia, the nurse should remember that
confusion in the elderly
[A] is to be expected, and progresses with age
[B] often follows relocation to new surroundings
[C] is a result of irreversible brain pathology
[D] can be prevented with adequate sleep
Correct Answer: B. often follows relocation to new surroundings (Relocation (B) often results in confusion
among elderly clients-moving is stressful for anyone. (A) is stereotypical judgement. Stress in the elderly
often manifests itself as confusion, so (C) is wrong. Adequate sleep is not a prevention (D) for confusion.)
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 3 of 36
, STUDENT STUDY & MASTERY EDITION PRACTICE & REVIEW GUIDE
QUESTION 4
An elderly male client who is unresponsive following a cerebral vascular accident
(CVA) is receiving bolus enteral feedings through a gastronomy tube. What is the best
client position for administration of the bolus tube feedings?
[A] Prone
[B] Fowler's
[C] Sim's
[D] Supine
Correct Answer: B. Fowler's
(The client should be positioned in a semi-setting (B) position during feeding to decrease occurrence of
aspiration. A gastronomy tube, known as PEG tube, due to placement by a percutaneous endoscopic
gastronomy procedure, is inserted directly into the stomach through an incision in the abdomen for
long-term administration of nutrition and hydration in the debilitated client. In (A and/or C), the client is
placed on the abdomen, an unsafe position for
feeding. Placing the client in (D) increases the risk for aspiration.)
QUESTION 5
The nurse assigns a UAP to obtain vital signs from a very anxious client. What
instructions should the nurse give the UAP?
[A] Remain calm with the client and record abnormal results in the chart.
[B] Notify the medication nurse immediately if the pulse or blood pressure is low.
[C] Report the results of the vital signs to the nurse.
[D] Reassure the client that the vital signs are normal.
Correct Answer: C. Report the results of the vital signs to the nurse.
(Interpretation of the vital signs is the responsibility of the nurse, so the UAP should report vital sign
measurements of to the nurse (C). (A, B, and D) require the UAP to interpret the vital signs, which is beyond
the scope of the UAP's authority.)
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 4 of 36
HESI Fundamentals Practice Exam
Questions & Answers, Updated 2026/2027
Edition
Comprehensive Examination Question Bank • In-Depth Rationales • Concept Mapping
TOTAL QUESTIONS EXAM TOPICS RATIONALES
80 Questions 12 Modules 100% Verified
DOCUMENT OVERVIEW
This document contains 80 verified questions with correct answers provided, covering essential nursing
concepts. It is designed for students seeking to reinforce their understanding of nursing fundamentals, making
it suitable for exam preparation, course review, and certification readiness.
EXAM BLUEPRINT & TOPIC DISTRIBUTION
Systematic breakdown of subject domains and exam coverage.
Topic Module Scope & Core Focus Questions Share (%)
This topic focuses on the various methods and approaches
Assessment Techniques used in nursing assessments. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic addresses dietary choices and nutritional
Nutritional Needs assessments relevant to various patient conditions. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic covers protocols and calculations related to the
Medication Administration administration of medications. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic highlights practices aimed at ensuring the safety
Patient Safety and Comfort and comfort of clients in various settings. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic explores the considerations and practices involved
End-of-Life Care in caring for clients at the end of life. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic examines the importance of understanding cultural
Cultural Competence differences in healthcare. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic focuses on the education and teaching strategies
Health Education used to inform clients about their health. 7 Qs 8.8%
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 1 of 36
,STUDENT STUDY & MASTERY EDITION PRACTICE & REVIEW GUIDE
This topic addresses mental and emotional factors affecting
Psychosocial Considerations client care. 7 Qs 8.8%
This topic covers the principles related to the management of
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance fluid and electrolyte imbalances. 6 Qs 7.5%
This topic focuses on practices and principles to prevent and
Infection Control control infections in healthcare settings. 6 Qs 7.5%
This topic highlights the essential care and monitoring
Postoperative Care required following surgical procedures. 6 Qs 7.5%
Legal and Ethical Issues in This topic addresses the legal and ethical considerations that
Nursing nurses must navigate in practice. 6 Qs 7.5%
Total Exam Coverage 12 Integrated Topic Modules 80 Qs 100.0%
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 2 of 36
,STUDENT STUDY & MASTERY EDITION PRACTICE & REVIEW GUIDE
TOPIC 1: ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES
7 Questions • 8.8% of Exam • This topic focuses on the various methods and approaches used in nursing assessments.
QUESTION 1
Which assessment data provides the most accurate determination of proper placement
of a nasogastric tube?
Correct Answer: Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing was inserted.
QUESTION 2
A male client tells the nurse that he does not know where he is or what year it is. What
data should the nurse document that is most accurate?
[A] demonstrates loss of remote memory
[B] exhibits expressive dysphasia
[C] has a diminished attention span
[D] is disoriented to place and time
Correct Answer: D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is exhibiting disorientation (D). (A) refers to
memory of the distant
past. The client is able to express himself without difficulty (B), and does not demonstrate diminished
attention span.
(C).
QUESTION 3
In developing a plan of care for a client with dementia, the nurse should remember that
confusion in the elderly
[A] is to be expected, and progresses with age
[B] often follows relocation to new surroundings
[C] is a result of irreversible brain pathology
[D] can be prevented with adequate sleep
Correct Answer: B. often follows relocation to new surroundings (Relocation (B) often results in confusion
among elderly clients-moving is stressful for anyone. (A) is stereotypical judgement. Stress in the elderly
often manifests itself as confusion, so (C) is wrong. Adequate sleep is not a prevention (D) for confusion.)
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 3 of 36
, STUDENT STUDY & MASTERY EDITION PRACTICE & REVIEW GUIDE
QUESTION 4
An elderly male client who is unresponsive following a cerebral vascular accident
(CVA) is receiving bolus enteral feedings through a gastronomy tube. What is the best
client position for administration of the bolus tube feedings?
[A] Prone
[B] Fowler's
[C] Sim's
[D] Supine
Correct Answer: B. Fowler's
(The client should be positioned in a semi-setting (B) position during feeding to decrease occurrence of
aspiration. A gastronomy tube, known as PEG tube, due to placement by a percutaneous endoscopic
gastronomy procedure, is inserted directly into the stomach through an incision in the abdomen for
long-term administration of nutrition and hydration in the debilitated client. In (A and/or C), the client is
placed on the abdomen, an unsafe position for
feeding. Placing the client in (D) increases the risk for aspiration.)
QUESTION 5
The nurse assigns a UAP to obtain vital signs from a very anxious client. What
instructions should the nurse give the UAP?
[A] Remain calm with the client and record abnormal results in the chart.
[B] Notify the medication nurse immediately if the pulse or blood pressure is low.
[C] Report the results of the vital signs to the nurse.
[D] Reassure the client that the vital signs are normal.
Correct Answer: C. Report the results of the vital signs to the nurse.
(Interpretation of the vital signs is the responsibility of the nurse, so the UAP should report vital sign
measurements of to the nurse (C). (A, B, and D) require the UAP to interpret the vital signs, which is beyond
the scope of the UAP's authority.)
Confidential • Student Study Edition • Practice & Review Guide Page 4 of 36
