BIOD 101 MODULE 5 EXAM - GENETICS
AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS (A+
GUARANTEE)
1. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. G1 Phase
B. M Phase
C. G2 Phase
D. S Phase
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: DNA replication occurs during the Synthesis (S) phase of
interphase to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material.
2. In the DNA double helix, which nitrogenous base pairs with Cytosine?
A. Guanine
B. Thymine
C. Adenine
D. Uracil
,Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: According to Chargaff’s rules, Cytosine (C) always forms three
hydrogen bonds with Guanine (G) in DNA.
3. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
A. DNA Polymerase
B. Helicase
C. Ligase
D. Primase
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous
bases to unzip the double helix.
4. What is the functional unit of heredity that occupies a specific location on a chromosome?
A. Nucleotide
B. Gene
C. Codon
D. Amino Acid
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a specific protein or
functional RNA molecule.
5. If a cell has 46 chromosomes at the start of mitosis, how many chromosomes will each
daughter cell have?
A. 23
B. 69
C. 92
D. 46
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells with
the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
6. During Meiosis, when does crossing over occur?
A. Metaphase I
B. Prophase I
C. Prophase II
D. Anaphase I
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Crossing over, the exchange of genetic material between
homologous chromosomes, occurs during Prophase I.
AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS (A+
GUARANTEE)
1. During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
A. G1 Phase
B. M Phase
C. G2 Phase
D. S Phase
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: DNA replication occurs during the Synthesis (S) phase of
interphase to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material.
2. In the DNA double helix, which nitrogenous base pairs with Cytosine?
A. Guanine
B. Thymine
C. Adenine
D. Uracil
,Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: According to Chargaff’s rules, Cytosine (C) always forms three
hydrogen bonds with Guanine (G) in DNA.
3. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
A. DNA Polymerase
B. Helicase
C. Ligase
D. Primase
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous
bases to unzip the double helix.
4. What is the functional unit of heredity that occupies a specific location on a chromosome?
A. Nucleotide
B. Gene
C. Codon
D. Amino Acid
Answer: B
, Conceptual Explanation: A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a specific protein or
functional RNA molecule.
5. If a cell has 46 chromosomes at the start of mitosis, how many chromosomes will each
daughter cell have?
A. 23
B. 69
C. 92
D. 46
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells with
the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
6. During Meiosis, when does crossing over occur?
A. Metaphase I
B. Prophase I
C. Prophase II
D. Anaphase I
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Crossing over, the exchange of genetic material between
homologous chromosomes, occurs during Prophase I.
