NURS 5433 EENT COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ what are adventitious(abnormal) lung sounds?.
Answer: wheeze, rhonchi, crackles, stridor, friction rub
◍ What is the etiology in this nursing diagnosis?Ineffective airway clearance
related to retained secretion excessive mucus production AEB RR of 24,
dyspnea, crackles in RLL and LLL.
Answer: retained secretion excessive mucus production
◍ What to palpate for in assessing the upper extremities?.
Answer: skin turgor (hydration check)radial pulses simultaneously
◍ Hyphema assessment.
Answer: - blood in anterior chamber- visible fluid line in pupil
◍ BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo).
Answer: - s/s may recur, requiring relieving s/s- medical therapy w/
vestibular suppressants is ineffective bc episodes of vertigo are so fleeting
and should be discouraged
◍ What is a cherry angioma.
Answer: small round red spots typically found in older adults
◍ COPD anti-inflammatory therapy.
Answer: inhaled cortiocosteroidsoral glucocorticoids- long term use has
numerous side effectsPDE4 inhibitors- chronic bronchiltisantibiotics-
azithromycin and erythromycinmucoregulators and antioxidant
agentssimvastatin does not prevent exacerbations in COPD
◍ What is an emergency assessment.
, Answer: Rapid ABS assessment for life threats
◍ Croup RF.
Answer: - 2-3 yrs w/ range of 6 mo to 6 yrs- occurs fall and winter-
associated w/ URI s/s
◍ Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis).
Answer: - viral; upper airway symptoms- seal-like barking cough,
inspiratory stridor, and fever- most common cause of upper airway
obstruction or stridor in children- spasmodic croup: noninfectious form(no
fever, initally tx as croup, usually self-limiting, often recurs on same
night)Etiology- caused by virus that infect oropharyngeal mucosa and then
migrate- Type 1 most common- Type 2, 3, and 4 common- Type 3 cause
severe illness
◍ allergic rhinitis assessment.
Answer: - allergic shiners- conjunctival injection- pale, boggy nasal mucosa
w/ congestion and clear rhinorrhea- transverse crease on tip of nose due to
"allergic salute"- mouth breathing- sore throat upon walking- palpable
lymph nodes- enlarged tonsils and adenoids- associated conditions:
sleep-disordered breathing, OM, rhinosinusitis, conjunctivitis, asthma,
atopic dermatitis- allergy testing for pts who don't respond to empiric tx-
diagnostic allergen prick/droplet tests- RAST: allergen-specific IgE test- in-
vitro testing is preferred for pts who:- pregnant- have poorly controlled
asthma- take beta blocker med- take a tricyclic antidepressant- take
monoamine oxydase inhibitor- have hx of severe anaphylaxis
◍ Bronchiolitis Assessment and diagnostics.
Answer: HX- irritability, poor feeding, fever, noisy breathing, cough,
grunting, cyanosis, apnea, vomitingPE- tachypnea, retractions, rhinorrhea,
wheezing, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, otitisdiagnostics- O2 sat- rapid resp
viral antigen testing (not necessary during RSV season)- AAP don't
recommend RSV testing in infants/children w/ bronchiolitis
◍ Bronchiolitis prevention.
Answer: - palivizumab (Synagis) IM 15mg/kg/dose (max: 5 doses) to at risk
, pts only
◍ How to evaluate outcomes?.
Answer: what signs point to improving/declining statuswere the
interventions effectivewould other interventions have been more effective
◍ Where do you auscultate bowel sounds?.
Answer: all 4 quadrants
◍ otitis externa management.
Answer: - cipro + hydrocortisone: >1 yr 3 drops BID for 7 days- cipro 0.3%
and dexamethasone 0.1% > 6 mo 4 drops BID for 7 days- Neomycin sulfate
3.5 mg, polymyxin b sulfate 1000 units and hydrocortisone 10 mg/nl: age 2
or older 3-4 drops TID or QID for 7 days- dexamethasone + tobramycin: 2
or older 1-2 drops q 4-6 hr- gentamicin ophthalmic: 1 mo or older 1-2 drops
q 4 hr- hydrocortisone and acetic acid: 3 or older 3-5 drops q4-6 hr for 24 hr,
then 3-5 drops q 6-8 hr- ofloxacin solution: 13 or older 10 drops once daily
for 7 days; 6 mo - 13 yrs 5 drops 1x daily for 7 days
◍ Chronic cough treatment.
Answer: - nasal steroids, classic antihistamines, antacids, bronchodilators,
inhaled corticosteroids, PPIs, antibiotics --> directed at cause- if HP suggest
GERD -> trial empiric PPI therapy prior to further testing- OTC cough and
cold meds dont give to < 2yo- no codeine in cough meds in < 12 yo1st line
tx- nasal steroids: fluticasone, budesonides, 1 spray BID for those w/
allergic rhnitis s/s or postnasal drip - PPI (omeprazole) QD2nd line tx-
antitussive agent: benzonatate 100 - 200mg TID PRN-
gabapentin??REFERRAL- pulmonary, gostroenterology, ENT, allergy
◍ what is ecchymosis.
Answer: collection of blood in subcutaneous tissue
◍ otitis externa.
Answer: - inflammation or infection of external auditory canal (EAC), the
auricle, or both- causative pathogens- Bacterial- Pseudomonas-
Staphylococcus- Streptococcus- Fungal- Aspergillus- Candida albicans-
, Classifications- Acute diffuse (swimmers)- acute localized- chronic ( >6
wks)- exzematous- necrotizing/malignant (immunocompromised)-
otomycosis
◍ What is an initial assessment.
Answer: Head-to-toe baseline assessment
◍ What are dependent nursing implementations.
Answer: Actions that require a provider’s order.Examples: giving
medications, starting IVs, treatments, diagnostic tests.
◍ corneal abrasion diagnostics.
Answer: - fluorescein stain- culture and sensitivity
◍ strabismus RF.
Answer: - positive family hx, retinopathy or prematurity, low bw, premature
birth, smoking during pregnancy
◍ What to inspect for in LE assessment?.
Answer: presence of wounds, scars, lesionscapillary refillROM
◍ What techniques are used for upper extremities?.
Answer: inspection and palpation
◍ What to do during a reproductive assessment?.
Answer: usually deferred unless necessaryif patent has type of catheter,
inspection is necessary=
◍ otitis media.
Answer: - inflammation of middle ear due to any cause- 2nd most common
disease diagnosed in young children- 2 common variants- acute otitis media
(AOM)- otitis media w/ effusion (OME)- children w/ AOM frequently
present w/ sudden onset of fever, ear pain, and fussiness
◍ vertigo.
Answer: - complaint of "dizziness", including s/s such as disequilibrium,
syncope, lightheadedness, ataxia, and vertigo- true vertigo (illusion of
motion) is primarily associated w/ balance organs of inner ear. (peripheral
GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ what are adventitious(abnormal) lung sounds?.
Answer: wheeze, rhonchi, crackles, stridor, friction rub
◍ What is the etiology in this nursing diagnosis?Ineffective airway clearance
related to retained secretion excessive mucus production AEB RR of 24,
dyspnea, crackles in RLL and LLL.
Answer: retained secretion excessive mucus production
◍ What to palpate for in assessing the upper extremities?.
Answer: skin turgor (hydration check)radial pulses simultaneously
◍ Hyphema assessment.
Answer: - blood in anterior chamber- visible fluid line in pupil
◍ BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo).
Answer: - s/s may recur, requiring relieving s/s- medical therapy w/
vestibular suppressants is ineffective bc episodes of vertigo are so fleeting
and should be discouraged
◍ What is a cherry angioma.
Answer: small round red spots typically found in older adults
◍ COPD anti-inflammatory therapy.
Answer: inhaled cortiocosteroidsoral glucocorticoids- long term use has
numerous side effectsPDE4 inhibitors- chronic bronchiltisantibiotics-
azithromycin and erythromycinmucoregulators and antioxidant
agentssimvastatin does not prevent exacerbations in COPD
◍ What is an emergency assessment.
, Answer: Rapid ABS assessment for life threats
◍ Croup RF.
Answer: - 2-3 yrs w/ range of 6 mo to 6 yrs- occurs fall and winter-
associated w/ URI s/s
◍ Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis).
Answer: - viral; upper airway symptoms- seal-like barking cough,
inspiratory stridor, and fever- most common cause of upper airway
obstruction or stridor in children- spasmodic croup: noninfectious form(no
fever, initally tx as croup, usually self-limiting, often recurs on same
night)Etiology- caused by virus that infect oropharyngeal mucosa and then
migrate- Type 1 most common- Type 2, 3, and 4 common- Type 3 cause
severe illness
◍ allergic rhinitis assessment.
Answer: - allergic shiners- conjunctival injection- pale, boggy nasal mucosa
w/ congestion and clear rhinorrhea- transverse crease on tip of nose due to
"allergic salute"- mouth breathing- sore throat upon walking- palpable
lymph nodes- enlarged tonsils and adenoids- associated conditions:
sleep-disordered breathing, OM, rhinosinusitis, conjunctivitis, asthma,
atopic dermatitis- allergy testing for pts who don't respond to empiric tx-
diagnostic allergen prick/droplet tests- RAST: allergen-specific IgE test- in-
vitro testing is preferred for pts who:- pregnant- have poorly controlled
asthma- take beta blocker med- take a tricyclic antidepressant- take
monoamine oxydase inhibitor- have hx of severe anaphylaxis
◍ Bronchiolitis Assessment and diagnostics.
Answer: HX- irritability, poor feeding, fever, noisy breathing, cough,
grunting, cyanosis, apnea, vomitingPE- tachypnea, retractions, rhinorrhea,
wheezing, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, otitisdiagnostics- O2 sat- rapid resp
viral antigen testing (not necessary during RSV season)- AAP don't
recommend RSV testing in infants/children w/ bronchiolitis
◍ Bronchiolitis prevention.
Answer: - palivizumab (Synagis) IM 15mg/kg/dose (max: 5 doses) to at risk
, pts only
◍ How to evaluate outcomes?.
Answer: what signs point to improving/declining statuswere the
interventions effectivewould other interventions have been more effective
◍ Where do you auscultate bowel sounds?.
Answer: all 4 quadrants
◍ otitis externa management.
Answer: - cipro + hydrocortisone: >1 yr 3 drops BID for 7 days- cipro 0.3%
and dexamethasone 0.1% > 6 mo 4 drops BID for 7 days- Neomycin sulfate
3.5 mg, polymyxin b sulfate 1000 units and hydrocortisone 10 mg/nl: age 2
or older 3-4 drops TID or QID for 7 days- dexamethasone + tobramycin: 2
or older 1-2 drops q 4-6 hr- gentamicin ophthalmic: 1 mo or older 1-2 drops
q 4 hr- hydrocortisone and acetic acid: 3 or older 3-5 drops q4-6 hr for 24 hr,
then 3-5 drops q 6-8 hr- ofloxacin solution: 13 or older 10 drops once daily
for 7 days; 6 mo - 13 yrs 5 drops 1x daily for 7 days
◍ Chronic cough treatment.
Answer: - nasal steroids, classic antihistamines, antacids, bronchodilators,
inhaled corticosteroids, PPIs, antibiotics --> directed at cause- if HP suggest
GERD -> trial empiric PPI therapy prior to further testing- OTC cough and
cold meds dont give to < 2yo- no codeine in cough meds in < 12 yo1st line
tx- nasal steroids: fluticasone, budesonides, 1 spray BID for those w/
allergic rhnitis s/s or postnasal drip - PPI (omeprazole) QD2nd line tx-
antitussive agent: benzonatate 100 - 200mg TID PRN-
gabapentin??REFERRAL- pulmonary, gostroenterology, ENT, allergy
◍ what is ecchymosis.
Answer: collection of blood in subcutaneous tissue
◍ otitis externa.
Answer: - inflammation or infection of external auditory canal (EAC), the
auricle, or both- causative pathogens- Bacterial- Pseudomonas-
Staphylococcus- Streptococcus- Fungal- Aspergillus- Candida albicans-
, Classifications- Acute diffuse (swimmers)- acute localized- chronic ( >6
wks)- exzematous- necrotizing/malignant (immunocompromised)-
otomycosis
◍ What is an initial assessment.
Answer: Head-to-toe baseline assessment
◍ What are dependent nursing implementations.
Answer: Actions that require a provider’s order.Examples: giving
medications, starting IVs, treatments, diagnostic tests.
◍ corneal abrasion diagnostics.
Answer: - fluorescein stain- culture and sensitivity
◍ strabismus RF.
Answer: - positive family hx, retinopathy or prematurity, low bw, premature
birth, smoking during pregnancy
◍ What to inspect for in LE assessment?.
Answer: presence of wounds, scars, lesionscapillary refillROM
◍ What techniques are used for upper extremities?.
Answer: inspection and palpation
◍ What to do during a reproductive assessment?.
Answer: usually deferred unless necessaryif patent has type of catheter,
inspection is necessary=
◍ otitis media.
Answer: - inflammation of middle ear due to any cause- 2nd most common
disease diagnosed in young children- 2 common variants- acute otitis media
(AOM)- otitis media w/ effusion (OME)- children w/ AOM frequently
present w/ sudden onset of fever, ear pain, and fussiness
◍ vertigo.
Answer: - complaint of "dizziness", including s/s such as disequilibrium,
syncope, lightheadedness, ataxia, and vertigo- true vertigo (illusion of
motion) is primarily associated w/ balance organs of inner ear. (peripheral
