NURS 142 – COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELLDETAILED
ANSWERS | DETAILED EXPLANATIONS AND RATIONALES | COMPLETE EXAM PREPARATION
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE QUESTIONS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
• CORE DOMAINS*
1. Foundations and Principles of Nursing Practice
2. Nursing Process, Assessment, and Clinical Reasoning
3. Patient Safety, Infection Prevention, and Control
4. Basic Nursing Skills and Patient Care Procedures
5. Communication, Health Education, and Therapeutic Relationships
6. Vital Signs, Physical Assessment, and Monitoring
7. Nutrition, Hydration, Elimination, and Comfort
8. Professionalism, Ethics, Legal Responsibilities, and Documentation
9. Medication Safety and Fundamental Pharmacological Principles
10. Health Promotion, Prevention, and Holistic Patient Care
• INTRODUCTION*
This comprehensive NURS 142 assessment is designed to strengthen the knowledge, clinical
reasoning, practical skills, and professional judgment expected in foundational nursing
practice. The multiple-choice questions assess essential concepts, terminology, procedures,
patient safety, communication, assessment, ethical responsibilities, and application of
nursing principles. Emphasis is placed on understanding why nursing actions are appropriate
rather than relying solely on memorization. Questions progressively incorporate foundational
knowledge, clinical application, prioritization, problem-solving, and professional decision-
making. The assessment is intended to provide focused practice with examination-style
questions while reinforcing safe, evidence-informed, patient-centered nursing care.
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE
Question 1. Which statement best describes the primary purpose of nursing?
A. To diagnose all diseases affecting patients
B. To provide care that promotes health, prevents illness, and supports recovery and well-
being
,C. To replace the functions of other healthcare professionals
D. To administer medications prescribed by physicians
Correct Answer: B. To provide care that promotes health, prevents illness, and supports
recovery and well-being
Explanation: Nursing encompasses health promotion, illness prevention, restoration of
health, alleviation of suffering, and support for patients and families. Medication
administration is only one component of nursing practice.
Question 2. Which characteristic is most essential to effective nursing practice?
A. Dependence on routine
B. Avoidance of patient questions
C. Clinical judgment based on assessment and evidence
D. Performing every procedure independently
Correct Answer: C. Clinical judgment based on assessment and evidence
Explanation: Nurses must collect relevant information, interpret findings, consider evidence,
and make appropriate clinical decisions. Clinical judgment supports safe, individualized
patient care.
Question 3. The nursing process is best described as:
A. A systematic approach to identifying patient needs and providing individualized care
B. A physician-directed method of diagnosing disease
C. A method used only for critically ill patients
D. A documentation system used after treatment
Correct Answer: A. A systematic approach to identifying patient needs and providing
individualized care
Explanation: The nursing process provides a structured framework for assessment,
diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of nursing care.
Question 4. Which action best demonstrates patient-centered care?
A. Providing identical care to every patient
B. Making decisions without consulting the patient
C. Prioritizing the nurse's convenience
D. Incorporating the patient's preferences, needs, values, and circumstances into care
Correct Answer: D. Incorporating the patient's preferences, needs, values, and circumstances
into care
Explanation: Patient-centered care recognizes the individual as an active participant in
healthcare decisions and respects personal values, preferences, and needs.
, Question 5. Which nursing principle is most closely associated with preventing avoidable
harm to patients?
A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Fidelity
D. Advocacy
Correct Answer: B. Nonmaleficence
Explanation: Nonmaleficence means avoiding or preventing harm. Nurses apply this
principle through safe practices, careful assessment, infection prevention, and appropriate
clinical decision-making.
Question 6. A nurse allows a competent adult patient to decide whether to accept a
recommended procedure. Which ethical principle is demonstrated?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: A. Autonomy
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to make informed decisions about
personal healthcare, provided the patient has decision-making capacity.
Question 7. Which action best demonstrates beneficence?
A. Withholding information from a patient
B. Treating patients differently based on social status
C. Acting to promote the patient's well-being
D. Allowing preventable harm to occur
Correct Answer: C. Acting to promote the patient's well-being
Explanation: Beneficence requires healthcare professionals to act for the benefit of patients
and promote their health and welfare.
Question 8. Justice in nursing practice primarily refers to:
A. Keeping all patient information private
B. Telling patients only what they want to hear
C. Following family preferences in every situation
D. Providing fair and equitable treatment and allocation of resources
Correct Answer: D. Providing fair and equitable treatment and allocation of resources
ANSWERS | DETAILED EXPLANATIONS AND RATIONALES | COMPLETE EXAM PREPARATION
STUDY GUIDE | PRACTICE QUESTIONS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
• CORE DOMAINS*
1. Foundations and Principles of Nursing Practice
2. Nursing Process, Assessment, and Clinical Reasoning
3. Patient Safety, Infection Prevention, and Control
4. Basic Nursing Skills and Patient Care Procedures
5. Communication, Health Education, and Therapeutic Relationships
6. Vital Signs, Physical Assessment, and Monitoring
7. Nutrition, Hydration, Elimination, and Comfort
8. Professionalism, Ethics, Legal Responsibilities, and Documentation
9. Medication Safety and Fundamental Pharmacological Principles
10. Health Promotion, Prevention, and Holistic Patient Care
• INTRODUCTION*
This comprehensive NURS 142 assessment is designed to strengthen the knowledge, clinical
reasoning, practical skills, and professional judgment expected in foundational nursing
practice. The multiple-choice questions assess essential concepts, terminology, procedures,
patient safety, communication, assessment, ethical responsibilities, and application of
nursing principles. Emphasis is placed on understanding why nursing actions are appropriate
rather than relying solely on memorization. Questions progressively incorporate foundational
knowledge, clinical application, prioritization, problem-solving, and professional decision-
making. The assessment is intended to provide focused practice with examination-style
questions while reinforcing safe, evidence-informed, patient-centered nursing care.
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE
Question 1. Which statement best describes the primary purpose of nursing?
A. To diagnose all diseases affecting patients
B. To provide care that promotes health, prevents illness, and supports recovery and well-
being
,C. To replace the functions of other healthcare professionals
D. To administer medications prescribed by physicians
Correct Answer: B. To provide care that promotes health, prevents illness, and supports
recovery and well-being
Explanation: Nursing encompasses health promotion, illness prevention, restoration of
health, alleviation of suffering, and support for patients and families. Medication
administration is only one component of nursing practice.
Question 2. Which characteristic is most essential to effective nursing practice?
A. Dependence on routine
B. Avoidance of patient questions
C. Clinical judgment based on assessment and evidence
D. Performing every procedure independently
Correct Answer: C. Clinical judgment based on assessment and evidence
Explanation: Nurses must collect relevant information, interpret findings, consider evidence,
and make appropriate clinical decisions. Clinical judgment supports safe, individualized
patient care.
Question 3. The nursing process is best described as:
A. A systematic approach to identifying patient needs and providing individualized care
B. A physician-directed method of diagnosing disease
C. A method used only for critically ill patients
D. A documentation system used after treatment
Correct Answer: A. A systematic approach to identifying patient needs and providing
individualized care
Explanation: The nursing process provides a structured framework for assessment,
diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of nursing care.
Question 4. Which action best demonstrates patient-centered care?
A. Providing identical care to every patient
B. Making decisions without consulting the patient
C. Prioritizing the nurse's convenience
D. Incorporating the patient's preferences, needs, values, and circumstances into care
Correct Answer: D. Incorporating the patient's preferences, needs, values, and circumstances
into care
Explanation: Patient-centered care recognizes the individual as an active participant in
healthcare decisions and respects personal values, preferences, and needs.
, Question 5. Which nursing principle is most closely associated with preventing avoidable
harm to patients?
A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Fidelity
D. Advocacy
Correct Answer: B. Nonmaleficence
Explanation: Nonmaleficence means avoiding or preventing harm. Nurses apply this
principle through safe practices, careful assessment, infection prevention, and appropriate
clinical decision-making.
Question 6. A nurse allows a competent adult patient to decide whether to accept a
recommended procedure. Which ethical principle is demonstrated?
A. Autonomy
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Veracity
Correct Answer: A. Autonomy
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to make informed decisions about
personal healthcare, provided the patient has decision-making capacity.
Question 7. Which action best demonstrates beneficence?
A. Withholding information from a patient
B. Treating patients differently based on social status
C. Acting to promote the patient's well-being
D. Allowing preventable harm to occur
Correct Answer: C. Acting to promote the patient's well-being
Explanation: Beneficence requires healthcare professionals to act for the benefit of patients
and promote their health and welfare.
Question 8. Justice in nursing practice primarily refers to:
A. Keeping all patient information private
B. Telling patients only what they want to hear
C. Following family preferences in every situation
D. Providing fair and equitable treatment and allocation of resources
Correct Answer: D. Providing fair and equitable treatment and allocation of resources
