NUR 257 EXAM 1 | TRUSTED BY STUDENTS ACROSS
MULTIPLE DISCIPLINES! | QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN
RELY ON!!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, What is immunity? Answer: The body's specific protective response to foreign agents or
organisms; resistance to infectious disease.
Define immunopathology. Answer: The study of diseases that result from dysfunction within
the immune system.
What are the main components of the immune system? Answer: Bone marrow and lymphoid
tissue (spleen and lymph nodes).
Where do B lymphocytes mature? Answer: In the bone marrow.
Where do T lymphocytes mature? Answer: In the thymus.
What is the primary function of the immune system? Answer: To remove foreign antigens such
as viruses and bacteria to maintain homeostasis.
What is phagocytosis? Answer: The process by which monocytes engulf and destroy foreign
bodies and toxins.
What triggers the inflammatory response? Answer: Injury or invading organisms.
What is natural immunity? Answer: A nonspecific response to any foreign invader.
What is acquired immunity? Answer: A specific immune response developed after prior
exposure to an antigen.
What are the two types of acquired immunity? Answer: Active and passive immunity.
What is active immunity? Answer: Immunologic defenses developed by a person's own body,
lasting many years or a lifetime.
What is passive immunity? Answer: Temporary immunity resulting from the transfer of
antibodies from another source.
Which leukocytes are primarily associated with inflammation? Answer: Neutrophils.
What are the four stages of the immune response? Answer: Recognition, proliferation,
response, and effector.
What occurs during the recognition stage of the immune response? Answer: Antigens are
recognized as foreign, and lymphocytes surveil using lymph nodes.
What happens during the proliferation stage? Answer: Lymphocytes return to lymph nodes,
stimulating T and B lymphocytes to enlarge and divide.
What is the role of B lymphocytes in the immune response? Answer: They produce and release
antibodies in response to specific antigens.
What is apoptosis? Answer: Programmed cell death.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
MULTIPLE DISCIPLINES! | QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN
RELY ON!!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, What is immunity? Answer: The body's specific protective response to foreign agents or
organisms; resistance to infectious disease.
Define immunopathology. Answer: The study of diseases that result from dysfunction within
the immune system.
What are the main components of the immune system? Answer: Bone marrow and lymphoid
tissue (spleen and lymph nodes).
Where do B lymphocytes mature? Answer: In the bone marrow.
Where do T lymphocytes mature? Answer: In the thymus.
What is the primary function of the immune system? Answer: To remove foreign antigens such
as viruses and bacteria to maintain homeostasis.
What is phagocytosis? Answer: The process by which monocytes engulf and destroy foreign
bodies and toxins.
What triggers the inflammatory response? Answer: Injury or invading organisms.
What is natural immunity? Answer: A nonspecific response to any foreign invader.
What is acquired immunity? Answer: A specific immune response developed after prior
exposure to an antigen.
What are the two types of acquired immunity? Answer: Active and passive immunity.
What is active immunity? Answer: Immunologic defenses developed by a person's own body,
lasting many years or a lifetime.
What is passive immunity? Answer: Temporary immunity resulting from the transfer of
antibodies from another source.
Which leukocytes are primarily associated with inflammation? Answer: Neutrophils.
What are the four stages of the immune response? Answer: Recognition, proliferation,
response, and effector.
What occurs during the recognition stage of the immune response? Answer: Antigens are
recognized as foreign, and lymphocytes surveil using lymph nodes.
What happens during the proliferation stage? Answer: Lymphocytes return to lymph nodes,
stimulating T and B lymphocytes to enlarge and divide.
What is the role of B lymphocytes in the immune response? Answer: They produce and release
antibodies in response to specific antigens.
What is apoptosis? Answer: Programmed cell death.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
