APHY 102 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET
THREE
◉ Heart wall layers. Answer: Epicardium (outer), Myocardium
(muscular middle), Endocardium (inner smooth lining).
◉ How myocardium gets oxygen. Answer: Nourished by coronary
circulation via right and left coronary arteries from the aorta.
◉ Right atrium. Answer: Receives deoxygenated blood from SVC, IVC,
and coronary sinus; sends it through tricuspid valve to right ventricle.
◉ Right ventricle. Answer: Pumps deoxygenated blood through
pulmonary semilunar valve to pulmonary trunk and arteries toward
lungs.
◉ Pulmonary veins. Answer: Carry oxygenated blood from lungs to left
atrium.
◉ Left atrium. Answer: Receives oxygenated blood; sends it through
mitral (bicuspid) valve to left ventricle.
, ◉ Left ventricle. Answer: Pumps oxygenated blood through aortic
semilunar valve into aorta; thickest wall for systemic pressure.
◉ Pulmonary circuit. Answer: Right side of heart → lungs → left side;
exchanges CO₂ for O₂.
◉ Systemic circuit. Answer: Left side of heart → body → right side;
supplies O₂ and nutrients.
◉ AV valves. Answer: Tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral) valves.
◉ Semilunar valves. Answer: Pulmonary and aortic valves.
◉ Heart sounds. Answer: Lub = closing of AV valves; Dub = closing of
semilunar valves.
◉ Left ventricle thickness. Answer: Must generate highest pressure to
pump blood through systemic circuit.
◉ Conduction pathway order. Answer: SA node → AV node → AV
bundle → right & left bundle branches → Purkinje fibers.
◉ Pacemaker of the heart. Answer: SA node in right atrium.
THREE
◉ Heart wall layers. Answer: Epicardium (outer), Myocardium
(muscular middle), Endocardium (inner smooth lining).
◉ How myocardium gets oxygen. Answer: Nourished by coronary
circulation via right and left coronary arteries from the aorta.
◉ Right atrium. Answer: Receives deoxygenated blood from SVC, IVC,
and coronary sinus; sends it through tricuspid valve to right ventricle.
◉ Right ventricle. Answer: Pumps deoxygenated blood through
pulmonary semilunar valve to pulmonary trunk and arteries toward
lungs.
◉ Pulmonary veins. Answer: Carry oxygenated blood from lungs to left
atrium.
◉ Left atrium. Answer: Receives oxygenated blood; sends it through
mitral (bicuspid) valve to left ventricle.
, ◉ Left ventricle. Answer: Pumps oxygenated blood through aortic
semilunar valve into aorta; thickest wall for systemic pressure.
◉ Pulmonary circuit. Answer: Right side of heart → lungs → left side;
exchanges CO₂ for O₂.
◉ Systemic circuit. Answer: Left side of heart → body → right side;
supplies O₂ and nutrients.
◉ AV valves. Answer: Tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral) valves.
◉ Semilunar valves. Answer: Pulmonary and aortic valves.
◉ Heart sounds. Answer: Lub = closing of AV valves; Dub = closing of
semilunar valves.
◉ Left ventricle thickness. Answer: Must generate highest pressure to
pump blood through systemic circuit.
◉ Conduction pathway order. Answer: SA node → AV node → AV
bundle → right & left bundle branches → Purkinje fibers.
◉ Pacemaker of the heart. Answer: SA node in right atrium.
