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Which statement best defines simulation?
A. Finding an exact algebraic solution to a system
B. Imitating the operation of a real or conceptual system over time
C. Eliminating all uncertainty from a system
D. Optimizing a system without representing its behavior
Answer: B
Rationale: Simulation creates an artificial history of a system and uses
that history to study operating characteristics. It is especially valuable
when analytical solutions are difficult or unavailable.
Which characteristic combination most commonly describes a discrete-
event simulation model?
A. Static, deterministic, continuous
B. Dynamic, stochastic, discrete
C. Static, stochastic, continuous
D. Dynamic, deterministic, continuous
Answer: B
,Rationale: ISYE 6644 focuses heavily on discrete-event dynamic
systems, often with stochastic inputs. State changes occur when specific
events happen rather than continuously.
What is a major advantage of simulation?
A. It always produces an exact answer
B. It eliminates the need for statistical analysis
C. It permits experimentation with a system without disturbing the real
system
D. It requires no assumptions about the system
Answer: C
Rationale: Simulation allows analysts to test alternatives in a controlled
environment. This is particularly useful when experimentation on the
real system would be expensive, dangerous, or disruptive.
Which is a major disadvantage of simulation?
A. It cannot represent randomness
B. It may require substantial computational and modeling effort
C. It cannot model queues
D. It cannot represent time
Answer: B
Rationale: Building, verifying, validating, running, and statistically
analyzing a simulation can be time-consuming. Simulation also
produces estimates rather than automatically producing exact answers.
A deterministic model is one in which:
,A. Randomness is explicitly represented
B. Identical inputs produce identical outputs
C. Every output is normally distributed
D. Events occur according to a Poisson process
Answer: B
Rationale: Deterministic models contain no random components. Given
the same initial conditions and inputs, the model follows the same path
and produces the same result.
A stochastic model differs from a deterministic model because it:
A. Uses only continuous variables
B. Contains one or more random components
C. Cannot be analyzed statistically
D. Always has a closed-form solution
Answer: B
Rationale: Stochastic models incorporate uncertainty or variability
through random variables, random processes, or probabilistic inputs.
A discrete-event system changes state:
A. Only continuously
B. Only at predetermined calendar dates
C. At identifiable event times
D. Never during a simulation
Answer: C
, Rationale: In a discrete-event simulation, an event causes an
instantaneous change in the system state. Examples include customer
arrivals, service completions, machine failures, and repairs.
Which is the best example of a discrete-event system?
A. Temperature of a metal rod
B. Pressure inside a continuously flowing pipe
C. Customers arriving at and departing from a bank
D. Continuous motion of a pendulum
Answer: C
Rationale: Customer arrivals and service completions are discrete
events that change the number of customers in the system.
Which is an example of a continuous system?
A. Number of customers in a queue
B. Number of machines failed
C. Temperature changing over time
D. Number of completed jobs
Answer: C
Rationale: Temperature can change continuously with time. The other
quantities generally change in jumps as discrete events occur.
Which modeling approach should generally be preferred when a simple
exact analytical solution is readily available?
A. Simulation
B. Physical experimentation