POLI 105 EXAM 1 VCU – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS
RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027
Core Domains
Introduction
Section One: Questions 1–50
Question 1
The Treaty of Westphalia (1648) is significant in international relations because it:
A. Established the United Nations framework for collective security
B. Marked the official beginning of the sovereign state system
C. Created the first international trade organization
D. Formalized the principle of humanitarian intervention
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Marked the official beginning of the sovereign state system
,🔴 Explanation: The Treaty of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years War and established the principle of territorial
sovereignty, marking the origin of the modern state system .
Question 2
Which theoretical perspective emphasizes that power matters most in international relations?
A. Liberalism
B. Constructivism
C. Realism
D. Neoliberalism
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Realism
🔴 Explanation: Realism is the theoretical tradition that places power at the center of its analysis of international
politics .
Question 3
The security dilemma occurs when:
A. States agree to reduce military spending through treaties
,B. One state's defensive buildup causes other states to feel less secure and arm themselves
C. International organizations successfully prevent conflict
D. States share intelligence to combat terrorism
🟢 Correct Answer: B. One state's defensive buildup causes other states to feel less secure and arm themselves
🔴 Explanation: The security dilemma describes the spiral where defensive measures by one state trigger insecurity
and counter-armament in others .
Question 4
In the simple causal statement X → Y, the dependent variable is:
A. X, the cause
B. Y, the outcome
C. The causal mechanism
D. The intervening variable
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Y, the outcome
, 🔴 Explanation: In causal analysis, the dependent variable is the outcome being explained, represented as Y in the X
→ Y formulation .
Question 5
Which author produced the first theoretically based realist textbook in international relations?
A. Kenneth Waltz
B. Hans Morgenthau
C. Alexander Wendt
D. Robert Keohane
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Hans Morgenthau
🔴 Explanation: Morgenthau's Politics Among Nations (1946) was the first theoretically grounded realist textbook in
IR .
Question 6
The collective action problem refers to:
A. States refusing to join international organizations
RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027
Core Domains
Introduction
Section One: Questions 1–50
Question 1
The Treaty of Westphalia (1648) is significant in international relations because it:
A. Established the United Nations framework for collective security
B. Marked the official beginning of the sovereign state system
C. Created the first international trade organization
D. Formalized the principle of humanitarian intervention
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Marked the official beginning of the sovereign state system
,🔴 Explanation: The Treaty of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years War and established the principle of territorial
sovereignty, marking the origin of the modern state system .
Question 2
Which theoretical perspective emphasizes that power matters most in international relations?
A. Liberalism
B. Constructivism
C. Realism
D. Neoliberalism
🟢 Correct Answer: C. Realism
🔴 Explanation: Realism is the theoretical tradition that places power at the center of its analysis of international
politics .
Question 3
The security dilemma occurs when:
A. States agree to reduce military spending through treaties
,B. One state's defensive buildup causes other states to feel less secure and arm themselves
C. International organizations successfully prevent conflict
D. States share intelligence to combat terrorism
🟢 Correct Answer: B. One state's defensive buildup causes other states to feel less secure and arm themselves
🔴 Explanation: The security dilemma describes the spiral where defensive measures by one state trigger insecurity
and counter-armament in others .
Question 4
In the simple causal statement X → Y, the dependent variable is:
A. X, the cause
B. Y, the outcome
C. The causal mechanism
D. The intervening variable
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Y, the outcome
, 🔴 Explanation: In causal analysis, the dependent variable is the outcome being explained, represented as Y in the X
→ Y formulation .
Question 5
Which author produced the first theoretically based realist textbook in international relations?
A. Kenneth Waltz
B. Hans Morgenthau
C. Alexander Wendt
D. Robert Keohane
🟢 Correct Answer: B. Hans Morgenthau
🔴 Explanation: Morgenthau's Politics Among Nations (1946) was the first theoretically grounded realist textbook in
IR .
Question 6
The collective action problem refers to:
A. States refusing to join international organizations
