Introduction to Computer Science — Final Examination

Introduction to Computer Science — Final Examination Course Code: CSC 101 Time: 2 Hours Total Marks: 60 Instructions: Answer any four questions. Each question carries 15 marks. Question One Computers have become an essential part of modern society. Discuss the major generations of computers, highlighting the main technological developments that characterized each generation. Explain how these developments have contributed to the evolution of modern computing systems. Question Two An operating system is an important component of every computer system. Explain the meaning of an operating system and discuss its major functions. In your answer, explain how an operating system manages hardware resources and provides an environment for users to interact with a computer. Question Three Algorithms are fundamental to computer programming and problem solving. Define an algorithm and discuss the characteristics of a good algorithm. Using a suitable example, explain the steps involved in developing an algorithm to solve a simple programming problem. Question Four Computer networks allow devices to communicate and share resources. Discuss the different types of computer networks based on geographical coverage. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of computer networking in an organization. Question Five Information security has become increasingly important due to the growth of digital technologies. Discuss the major threats to computer security and explain the measures that individuals and organizations can use to protect their information systems. Question Six Programming languages provide instructions that enable computers to perform specific tasks. Discuss the differences between high-level and low-level programming languages. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each and give suitable examples.