CHAPTER 15-SPECIAL SENSES | FROM QUESTION TO
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Vision is dominate sense with Answer: 70 % of all sensory receptors in the eye
Eyebrows : Answer: shade the eyes from sunlight ; prevent perspiration from entering eyes
Eyelids ( palpebrae ) : Answer: skin colored folds supported by tarsal plates Eyelashes project
from free margin of each eyelid
Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle : Answer: Muscle : raises eyelid to open eye
Blink every Answer: every 3-7 seconds ; helps spread accessory structure secretions , keeps
eyes moist
Lacrimal Caruncle : Answer: fleshly elevation in medial corner of eye : produced Sandman's
eye sand
Tarsal Glands : Answer: located within tarsal plates ; produces oily secretion ( lubricates eye ;
prevents lids from sticking together
Sebaceous Glands ( of eyelash follicles ) : Answer: keeps eyelashes flexible
Chalazion : Answer: inflammation of a tarsal gland
Sty : Answer: inflammation of the sebaceous gland
Conjunctiva : Answer: transparent mucus membrane ; produces a lubricating mucus ( keeps
eyes from drying out )
Palpebral Conjunctiva : Answer: lines eyelid
Bulbar Conjunctiva : Answer: covers surface of eyeball with exception of the cornea
Conjunctivitis : Answer: inflammation of the conjunctiva
Pinkeye : Answer: inflammation of the conjunctiva ; caused by a bacteria ( highly contagious )
Lacrimal Apparatus : Answer: consists of the lacrimal gland ( produces tears ) and ducts
draining tears into nasal cavity
Tears contain Answer: mucus , antibodies and lysozyme ( bacteria killing enzyme )
Flow of tears : Answer: lacrimal gland → eyeball → lacrimal puncta → lacrimal canaliculi →
lacrimal sac → nasolacrimal duct →→ nasal cavity
Extrinsic Eye Muscles Answer: skeletal muscles that control the movement of eyeball
Extrinsic Eye Muscles include Answer: Lateral Rectus Medial Rectus Superior Rectus Inferior
Rectus Inferior Oblique Superior oblique
Diplopia : Answer: double vision
Strabismus : Answer: congenital ; lazy eye
Fibrous layer ( outermost ) : Answer: consists of dense avascular connective tissue
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
PERFECTION| STUDY WITH CONFIDENCE!
Course Code:
Course Title:
Programme:
Academic Year: 2026/2027.
Duration: 2 Hours.
Total Marks: 100.
Candidate Instructions:
1) Write your Registration Number on every answer booklet used.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and ANY TWO (2) questions in Section B.
3) Read each question carefully before answering.
4) Begin each question on a new page.
5) The marks for each question are indicated in brackets.
6) This paper consists of several printed pages, including this page.
7) Ensure your copy is complete before the examination begins.
8) Unauthorized materials and communication with other candidates are not permitted.
Turn Over.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
, Vision is dominate sense with Answer: 70 % of all sensory receptors in the eye
Eyebrows : Answer: shade the eyes from sunlight ; prevent perspiration from entering eyes
Eyelids ( palpebrae ) : Answer: skin colored folds supported by tarsal plates Eyelashes project
from free margin of each eyelid
Levator Palpebrae Superioris Muscle : Answer: Muscle : raises eyelid to open eye
Blink every Answer: every 3-7 seconds ; helps spread accessory structure secretions , keeps
eyes moist
Lacrimal Caruncle : Answer: fleshly elevation in medial corner of eye : produced Sandman's
eye sand
Tarsal Glands : Answer: located within tarsal plates ; produces oily secretion ( lubricates eye ;
prevents lids from sticking together
Sebaceous Glands ( of eyelash follicles ) : Answer: keeps eyelashes flexible
Chalazion : Answer: inflammation of a tarsal gland
Sty : Answer: inflammation of the sebaceous gland
Conjunctiva : Answer: transparent mucus membrane ; produces a lubricating mucus ( keeps
eyes from drying out )
Palpebral Conjunctiva : Answer: lines eyelid
Bulbar Conjunctiva : Answer: covers surface of eyeball with exception of the cornea
Conjunctivitis : Answer: inflammation of the conjunctiva
Pinkeye : Answer: inflammation of the conjunctiva ; caused by a bacteria ( highly contagious )
Lacrimal Apparatus : Answer: consists of the lacrimal gland ( produces tears ) and ducts
draining tears into nasal cavity
Tears contain Answer: mucus , antibodies and lysozyme ( bacteria killing enzyme )
Flow of tears : Answer: lacrimal gland → eyeball → lacrimal puncta → lacrimal canaliculi →
lacrimal sac → nasolacrimal duct →→ nasal cavity
Extrinsic Eye Muscles Answer: skeletal muscles that control the movement of eyeball
Extrinsic Eye Muscles include Answer: Lateral Rectus Medial Rectus Superior Rectus Inferior
Rectus Inferior Oblique Superior oblique
Diplopia : Answer: double vision
Strabismus : Answer: congenital ; lazy eye
Fibrous layer ( outermost ) : Answer: consists of dense avascular connective tissue
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
