,NSG 122 Exam 3 Nursing Fundamental Concepts Questions And
Answers 2026/2027 HERZING UNIVERSITY
Q1. Which term describes the study of how drugs produce effects in
the body?
A) Pharmacokinetics
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Pharmacogenetics
D) Pharmacotherapy
Correct Answer: B) Pharmacodynamics
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes what a drug does to the body,
including the drug's effects on target cells and physiologic functions.
Q2. Which term describes how the body absorbs, distributes,
metabolizes, and excretes a medication?
A) Pharmacodynamics
B) Pharmacokinetics
C) Pharmacogenomics
D) Pharmacology
Correct Answer: B) Pharmacokinetics
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of a drug through the
body, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Q3. What does a medication's half-life represent?
A) The time required for the drug to begin working
B) The time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated
C) The time required for the drug to reach its peak effect
D) The total duration of treatment
Correct Answer: B) The time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for the concentration of a drug in the
body to decrease by 50%.
Q4. Which route generally produces the most rapid systemic effect?
A) Oral
B) Subcutaneous
C) Intravenous
D) Topical
, Correct Answer: C) Intravenous
Rationale: Intravenous medication enters the bloodstream directly, so
absorption is not required and systemic effects can occur rapidly.
Q5. Which route involves placing medication under the tongue for
absorption?
A) Buccal
B) Sublingual
C) Intradermal
D) Transdermal
Correct Answer: B) Sublingual
Rationale: Sublingual medications are placed beneath the tongue, where
they dissolve and are absorbed through the oral mucosa.
Q6. Which route involves placing medication between the cheek and
gum?
A) Buccal
B) Sublingual
C) Oral
D) Enteral
Correct Answer: A) Buccal
Rationale: Buccal medications are placed against the mucous membrane
between the cheek and gum for absorption.
Q7. Which action reflects the right patient of medication
administration?
A) Compare the medication with the prescription only once
B) Use approved patient identifiers before administration
C) Ask another patient to identify the client
D) Verify the room number only
Correct Answer: B) Use approved patient identifiers before administration
Rationale: Reliable patient identification reduces the risk of administering a
medication to the wrong person. Room number alone is not an adequate
identifier.
Q8. Which action is most important before administering an
unfamiliar medication?
Answers 2026/2027 HERZING UNIVERSITY
Q1. Which term describes the study of how drugs produce effects in
the body?
A) Pharmacokinetics
B) Pharmacodynamics
C) Pharmacogenetics
D) Pharmacotherapy
Correct Answer: B) Pharmacodynamics
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes what a drug does to the body,
including the drug's effects on target cells and physiologic functions.
Q2. Which term describes how the body absorbs, distributes,
metabolizes, and excretes a medication?
A) Pharmacodynamics
B) Pharmacokinetics
C) Pharmacogenomics
D) Pharmacology
Correct Answer: B) Pharmacokinetics
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes the movement of a drug through the
body, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Q3. What does a medication's half-life represent?
A) The time required for the drug to begin working
B) The time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated
C) The time required for the drug to reach its peak effect
D) The total duration of treatment
Correct Answer: B) The time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for the concentration of a drug in the
body to decrease by 50%.
Q4. Which route generally produces the most rapid systemic effect?
A) Oral
B) Subcutaneous
C) Intravenous
D) Topical
, Correct Answer: C) Intravenous
Rationale: Intravenous medication enters the bloodstream directly, so
absorption is not required and systemic effects can occur rapidly.
Q5. Which route involves placing medication under the tongue for
absorption?
A) Buccal
B) Sublingual
C) Intradermal
D) Transdermal
Correct Answer: B) Sublingual
Rationale: Sublingual medications are placed beneath the tongue, where
they dissolve and are absorbed through the oral mucosa.
Q6. Which route involves placing medication between the cheek and
gum?
A) Buccal
B) Sublingual
C) Oral
D) Enteral
Correct Answer: A) Buccal
Rationale: Buccal medications are placed against the mucous membrane
between the cheek and gum for absorption.
Q7. Which action reflects the right patient of medication
administration?
A) Compare the medication with the prescription only once
B) Use approved patient identifiers before administration
C) Ask another patient to identify the client
D) Verify the room number only
Correct Answer: B) Use approved patient identifiers before administration
Rationale: Reliable patient identification reduces the risk of administering a
medication to the wrong person. Room number alone is not an adequate
identifier.
Q8. Which action is most important before administering an
unfamiliar medication?
