NST 10 MIDTERM 2 HIGH-YIELD
MACRONUTRIENTS, DIGESTION, AND
METABOLISM SUMMARY 2026
◉ Vitamin A deficiency.
Answer: - Night blindness
- Xerophthalmia
- Keratinization
◉ Ergocalciferol.
Answer: Form of Vitamin D (VD2) found in plant sources and
supplements
◉ Cholecalciferol.
Answer: Form of Vitamin D (Vd3) found in animal source foods and
the human body
◉ Calcitriol.
Answer: Activation of Vitamin D in the kidneys after synthesis
◉ Rickets.
Answer: Caused by a Vitamin D deficiency
, - Bowed legs: poorly formed long bones ion the legs bend outward
as weight-bearing activities begin
- Beaded ribs: a series of "beads" develop where the
cartilages and bones attach
◉ Hypercalcemia.
Answer: Vitamin D toxicity that causes elevated blood calcium
concentrations that can lead to calcification of tissues
- Kidney stones
◉ Alpha-tocopherol.
Answer: Vitamin E: Antioxidant that protects cell membranes from
free radical oxidization
◉ Hemolytic Anemia.
Answer: Vitamin E deficiency where there are too few red blood
cells because the membranes rupture
◉ Hemorrhaging.
Answer: Vitamin K deficiency
- Rare, can occur with fat malabsorption, antibiotics,
and anticoagulant drugs
MACRONUTRIENTS, DIGESTION, AND
METABOLISM SUMMARY 2026
◉ Vitamin A deficiency.
Answer: - Night blindness
- Xerophthalmia
- Keratinization
◉ Ergocalciferol.
Answer: Form of Vitamin D (VD2) found in plant sources and
supplements
◉ Cholecalciferol.
Answer: Form of Vitamin D (Vd3) found in animal source foods and
the human body
◉ Calcitriol.
Answer: Activation of Vitamin D in the kidneys after synthesis
◉ Rickets.
Answer: Caused by a Vitamin D deficiency
, - Bowed legs: poorly formed long bones ion the legs bend outward
as weight-bearing activities begin
- Beaded ribs: a series of "beads" develop where the
cartilages and bones attach
◉ Hypercalcemia.
Answer: Vitamin D toxicity that causes elevated blood calcium
concentrations that can lead to calcification of tissues
- Kidney stones
◉ Alpha-tocopherol.
Answer: Vitamin E: Antioxidant that protects cell membranes from
free radical oxidization
◉ Hemolytic Anemia.
Answer: Vitamin E deficiency where there are too few red blood
cells because the membranes rupture
◉ Hemorrhaging.
Answer: Vitamin K deficiency
- Rare, can occur with fat malabsorption, antibiotics,
and anticoagulant drugs
