ATI TEAS Chemistry: Complete Study Guide & Practice Review

1. Solid to Liquid - ANSWER Melting (absorbs energy) 2. Liquid to Solid - ANSWER Freezing, (releases energy) 3. Liquid to Gas - ANSWER vaporization/absorbs energy 4. Gast to Liquid - ANSWER condensation/ release energy 5. Gas to Solid - ANSWER deposition/ release energy 6. Solid to Gas - ANSWER sublimation 7. Matter - ANSWER Anything that takes up space 8. Mass - ANSWER the amount of matter in an object 9. How Does Matter Change? - ANSWER Matter usually changes state when you add or take away heat, which changes the temperature of the matter 10. Substance - ANSWER A single kind of matter that is pure and has a specific set of properties. 11. examples of substances - ANSWER 1. Water 12. 2. Alcohol 13. 3. Oil 14. 4. Food coloring 15. Solids - ANSWER The particles in solids are tightly packed 16. Liquids - ANSWER Liquids are also a condensed phase, however, in contrast to solids, the particles have some translational kinetic energy, which means they have freedom to move 17. gas phase - ANSWER the phase of matter in which atoms or molecules can move essentially independently of one another 18. Which state(s) of matter take the shape of their container? - ANSWER Liquids and gases take the shape of their containers since, they do not have definite shape and volume. Only solids have definite shape and volume. 19. SOLIDS - ANSWER have the least volume 20. LIQUIDS - ANSWER have a definite volume 21. GASES - ANSWER have maximum volume 22. Which of the following is correct? (a) Solids have a definite shape and definite volume. (b) Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape. (c) Gases have a definite volume but no definite shape. (d) Liquids have both definite shape and definite volume. - ANSWER (a) Solids have definite shape and definite volume. 23. (b) Liquids have definite volume but no definite shape. 24. Which state of matter has atoms that move freely? - ANSWER Gas 25. Which state of matter has atoms that can slide past each other? - ANSWER Liquid 26. Which state of matter has atoms that vibrate in place? - ANSWER Solid 27. Solute - ANSWER A substance that is dissolved in a solution. 28. Solvent - ANSWER the substance in which the solute dissolves 29. Solution - ANSWER A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances 30. Osmosis - ANSWER Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane 31. Diffusion - ANSWER Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. 32. Osmosis - ANSWER Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane 33. Atom - ANSWER The smallest component and the most basic part of matter that still retains its identity 34. Atomic structure - ANSWER Atoms have a nucleus and electrons. Its nucleus contains protons and neutrons 35. Nucleus - ANSWER The part of the atom that houses the protons and the neutrons 36. Protons - ANSWER positively charged subatomic particles 37. Neutrons - ANSWER the particles of the nucleus that have no charge. they are neutral and without a positive or negative electrical charge; the part of the atom that gives the atom its isotope identity. 38. Electrons - ANSWER The part of the atom that has a negative (-) charge 39. Ion - ANSWER An electrically charged atom