CTEL Exam Prep Questions with Correct Solutions
BICS
Cummins - Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills -Conversational speaking
CALP
Cummins-Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency - language needed to acquire
academic skills and concepts. Takes 5-7 years for L2 learners
Cognates
words that have similar spelling, pronunciation and often meaning in two
languages, ie. florist/florista
Idioms
Expression that means something different from the literal meaning of a word
L1
Primary language
L2
Secondary language
Vernacular
everyday speech; slang
,CULP
Common Underlying Language Proficiency - Allows for the acquisition of a new
language because concept knowledge transfers across languages
Over-Generalizations
Using one or a few observations to form as a mass opinion - I looked therefore I
runned
Code Switching
When the elements of two languages are mixed together while speaking.
The 4 majority minority states in order of highest %
Hawaii, D.C., New Mexico, CA, Texas
Largest Latino states
1. CA 2. TX 3.FL
States with largest ELL Growth
1. SC 2.KY 3. IN
Top growing minorities?
Latinos, Asians, AA
% of ELL students born in US?
,80%
Where to find Demographic Data
US Census, DOE, State DOE, District, Foundations/Think Tanks
Culturally Responsive Teaching
instruction that acknowledges and accommodates cultural diversity
Affective filter
Krashen-Is a mental barrier put up the ELL student when put in high stress or
anxiety or embrassess
Four Domains of Language
Listening (R), Speaking (E), Reading (R), Writing (E)
Natural Order Hypothesis
'we acquire the rules of language in a predictable order'
Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
Krashen-The informal way of learning a language in order to make meaning. No
instruction
Monitor Hypothesis
As learn more, L2 self-corrects to be like native speakers
, Input Hypothesis
L2s learn through exposure to language that is just beyond their level of
comprehension.
Cummins' Quadrant of Learning
...
Phoneme
in a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit /s/=sound, not letter
Morpheme
in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a
word (such as a prefix), or short word, suffix, etc.
Syntax
The order in which words are typically put together in a language. E.G. Adjectives
follow Size, Age, Color order. Make the meaning of a phrase change. "Good
looking" vs "Looking Good"
Semantics
Describes the level of meaning of individual words. Evening vs Night. The father
of my kids vs The father of my kids
BICS
Cummins - Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills -Conversational speaking
CALP
Cummins-Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency - language needed to acquire
academic skills and concepts. Takes 5-7 years for L2 learners
Cognates
words that have similar spelling, pronunciation and often meaning in two
languages, ie. florist/florista
Idioms
Expression that means something different from the literal meaning of a word
L1
Primary language
L2
Secondary language
Vernacular
everyday speech; slang
,CULP
Common Underlying Language Proficiency - Allows for the acquisition of a new
language because concept knowledge transfers across languages
Over-Generalizations
Using one or a few observations to form as a mass opinion - I looked therefore I
runned
Code Switching
When the elements of two languages are mixed together while speaking.
The 4 majority minority states in order of highest %
Hawaii, D.C., New Mexico, CA, Texas
Largest Latino states
1. CA 2. TX 3.FL
States with largest ELL Growth
1. SC 2.KY 3. IN
Top growing minorities?
Latinos, Asians, AA
% of ELL students born in US?
,80%
Where to find Demographic Data
US Census, DOE, State DOE, District, Foundations/Think Tanks
Culturally Responsive Teaching
instruction that acknowledges and accommodates cultural diversity
Affective filter
Krashen-Is a mental barrier put up the ELL student when put in high stress or
anxiety or embrassess
Four Domains of Language
Listening (R), Speaking (E), Reading (R), Writing (E)
Natural Order Hypothesis
'we acquire the rules of language in a predictable order'
Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
Krashen-The informal way of learning a language in order to make meaning. No
instruction
Monitor Hypothesis
As learn more, L2 self-corrects to be like native speakers
, Input Hypothesis
L2s learn through exposure to language that is just beyond their level of
comprehension.
Cummins' Quadrant of Learning
...
Phoneme
in a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit /s/=sound, not letter
Morpheme
in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a
word (such as a prefix), or short word, suffix, etc.
Syntax
The order in which words are typically put together in a language. E.G. Adjectives
follow Size, Age, Color order. Make the meaning of a phrase change. "Good
looking" vs "Looking Good"
Semantics
Describes the level of meaning of individual words. Evening vs Night. The father
of my kids vs The father of my kids
