ULTIMATE PRAXIS 5331 SPEECH PATHOLOGY STUDY
GUIDE
vocal fold nodules - Answers - Typically bilateral and sit opposite of each other, typically
appear at the junction of the anterior and middle third portion of the folds
cluttering - Answers - Highly dysfluent, rapid, unclear and disorganized speech. Lack of
personal concern or reduced awareness about problem
gestural AAC - Answers - No instruments or external aids are used; pantomime,
eyeblink encoding, American Indian hand talk, ASL
Hemorrhagic stroke - Answers - Caused by bleeding in the brain due to ruptured blood
vessels. Intracerebral (within brain) or extracerebral (within the meninges, resulting in
subarachnoid, subdural and epidural varieties)
Diaphragm - Answers - Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration.
The thick dome shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called
the
Diaphragm - Answers - Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration.
The thick dome shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called
the
orbicularis oris - Answers - The primary muscle of the lips is the
efferent nerves - Answers - Also called motor nerves; nerves that carry information out
of the brain and spinal cord to other areas of the body.
globus, pallidus, caudate, and putamen - Answers - The corpus striatum is composed of
three nuclear masses, which are the
corpus callosum and basal ganglia - Answers - The anterior cerebral artery supplies
blood to the
Aryepiglottic folds - Answers - These are composed of a ring of connective tissue and
muscle extending from the tips of the arytenoid cartilages to the larynx. They separate
the laryngeal vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway
palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini - Answers - Muscles that
contribute to the velopharyngeal closure through tensing to elevating the velum are the
,lingual frenulum - Answers - The structure at the inferior portion of the tongue that
connects the tongue with the mandible is the
genioglossus - Answers - When a person is producing voiced and voiceless /th/, the
muscle most involved is the
X - Answers - The cranial nerve that innervates the larynx and inneravates the levator
veli palatini, palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles is
Lateral cricoarytenoids and transverse arytenoids - Answers - Which muscles from the
list are most involved in adducting the vocal folds?
commissural fibers - Answers - cerebral hemispheres are connected by
reticular activating system - Answers - The central nervous systems primary mechanism
of attention, alertness, and consciousness, which is also related to sleep wake cycles is
the
percentral gyrus - Answers - The primary motor cortex in the frontal lobe is located on
the
Coarticulation - Answers - the influence of one phoneme upon another in production
and perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two
different speech sounds.
mass and elasticity - Answers - Two properties of a medium that affect sound
transmission are
sinusoidal wave - Answers - a sound wave that has horizontal/vertical symmetry, one
peak and one valley, single frequency and results of simple harmonic motion.
octave - Answers - an indication of the interval between two frequencies
natural frequency - Answers - a frequency with which a source of sound vibrates
naturally
oscillation - Answers - Back and forth movement of air molecules because of vibrating
object is known as
fundamental frequency - Answers - The lowest frequency of a periodic wave is also
known as the
complex tone - Answers - When two or more sounds of differing frequencies are added
the result is a
, harmonics - Answers - In a periodically complex sound, tones occur over the
fundamental frequency and can be characterized as a whole number multiples of the
fundamental frequency are called
Bloodstein - Answers - advocated that stuttering may be caused by any belief that
speech is a difficult task, resulting in tension and speech fragmentation.
Brutten and Shoemaker - Answers - proposed that stuttering is limited to part word
repetitions and sound prolongations, stuttering is due to classically conditioned negative
emotion, some dysfluencies are operantly conditioned
stuttering modification approach - Answers - Cancellations, pull outs, and preparatory
sets are taught in:
fluency shaping techniques - Answers - Skills like managing airflow management,
gentle phonatory onset, and reduced rate of speech are targets in:
Vocal adductors - Answers - posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA
Inhalation - Answers - expand the lungs pressure within compared to outside the lungs.
Air moves through the open laryngeal valve and equalizes pressure inside and outside
the lungs.
Myoelastic Aerodynamic Theory - Answers - Vocal folds vibrate because of the forces of
pressure of air and elasticity of vocal folds: Myoelastic aerodynamic theory
Bernoulli Effect - Answers - Increased speed of air passing between vocal folds, sucking
motion of the folds towards each other
Mucosal wave action - Answers - The cover and transition of the vocalis muscle slide to
produce a wave, critical to phonation
- Answers - Energy in vibration is modified by resonance characteristics of vocal tract
Genioglossus - Answers - Forms the bulk of the tongue and allows it move freely
peripheral nervous system - Answers - Controls cranial nerves, spinal nerves,
autonomic nervous system
central nervous system - Answers - consists of the brain and spinal cord
Thalamus - Answers - Regulates sensory information and relay sensory impulses to
portions of cerebral cortex
hypothalamus - Answers - Controls emotions, helps integrate actions of the ANS
GUIDE
vocal fold nodules - Answers - Typically bilateral and sit opposite of each other, typically
appear at the junction of the anterior and middle third portion of the folds
cluttering - Answers - Highly dysfluent, rapid, unclear and disorganized speech. Lack of
personal concern or reduced awareness about problem
gestural AAC - Answers - No instruments or external aids are used; pantomime,
eyeblink encoding, American Indian hand talk, ASL
Hemorrhagic stroke - Answers - Caused by bleeding in the brain due to ruptured blood
vessels. Intracerebral (within brain) or extracerebral (within the meninges, resulting in
subarachnoid, subdural and epidural varieties)
Diaphragm - Answers - Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration.
The thick dome shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called
the
Diaphragm - Answers - Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration.
The thick dome shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called
the
orbicularis oris - Answers - The primary muscle of the lips is the
efferent nerves - Answers - Also called motor nerves; nerves that carry information out
of the brain and spinal cord to other areas of the body.
globus, pallidus, caudate, and putamen - Answers - The corpus striatum is composed of
three nuclear masses, which are the
corpus callosum and basal ganglia - Answers - The anterior cerebral artery supplies
blood to the
Aryepiglottic folds - Answers - These are composed of a ring of connective tissue and
muscle extending from the tips of the arytenoid cartilages to the larynx. They separate
the laryngeal vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway
palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini - Answers - Muscles that
contribute to the velopharyngeal closure through tensing to elevating the velum are the
,lingual frenulum - Answers - The structure at the inferior portion of the tongue that
connects the tongue with the mandible is the
genioglossus - Answers - When a person is producing voiced and voiceless /th/, the
muscle most involved is the
X - Answers - The cranial nerve that innervates the larynx and inneravates the levator
veli palatini, palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles is
Lateral cricoarytenoids and transverse arytenoids - Answers - Which muscles from the
list are most involved in adducting the vocal folds?
commissural fibers - Answers - cerebral hemispheres are connected by
reticular activating system - Answers - The central nervous systems primary mechanism
of attention, alertness, and consciousness, which is also related to sleep wake cycles is
the
percentral gyrus - Answers - The primary motor cortex in the frontal lobe is located on
the
Coarticulation - Answers - the influence of one phoneme upon another in production
and perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two
different speech sounds.
mass and elasticity - Answers - Two properties of a medium that affect sound
transmission are
sinusoidal wave - Answers - a sound wave that has horizontal/vertical symmetry, one
peak and one valley, single frequency and results of simple harmonic motion.
octave - Answers - an indication of the interval between two frequencies
natural frequency - Answers - a frequency with which a source of sound vibrates
naturally
oscillation - Answers - Back and forth movement of air molecules because of vibrating
object is known as
fundamental frequency - Answers - The lowest frequency of a periodic wave is also
known as the
complex tone - Answers - When two or more sounds of differing frequencies are added
the result is a
, harmonics - Answers - In a periodically complex sound, tones occur over the
fundamental frequency and can be characterized as a whole number multiples of the
fundamental frequency are called
Bloodstein - Answers - advocated that stuttering may be caused by any belief that
speech is a difficult task, resulting in tension and speech fragmentation.
Brutten and Shoemaker - Answers - proposed that stuttering is limited to part word
repetitions and sound prolongations, stuttering is due to classically conditioned negative
emotion, some dysfluencies are operantly conditioned
stuttering modification approach - Answers - Cancellations, pull outs, and preparatory
sets are taught in:
fluency shaping techniques - Answers - Skills like managing airflow management,
gentle phonatory onset, and reduced rate of speech are targets in:
Vocal adductors - Answers - posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA
Inhalation - Answers - expand the lungs pressure within compared to outside the lungs.
Air moves through the open laryngeal valve and equalizes pressure inside and outside
the lungs.
Myoelastic Aerodynamic Theory - Answers - Vocal folds vibrate because of the forces of
pressure of air and elasticity of vocal folds: Myoelastic aerodynamic theory
Bernoulli Effect - Answers - Increased speed of air passing between vocal folds, sucking
motion of the folds towards each other
Mucosal wave action - Answers - The cover and transition of the vocalis muscle slide to
produce a wave, critical to phonation
- Answers - Energy in vibration is modified by resonance characteristics of vocal tract
Genioglossus - Answers - Forms the bulk of the tongue and allows it move freely
peripheral nervous system - Answers - Controls cranial nerves, spinal nerves,
autonomic nervous system
central nervous system - Answers - consists of the brain and spinal cord
Thalamus - Answers - Regulates sensory information and relay sensory impulses to
portions of cerebral cortex
hypothalamus - Answers - Controls emotions, helps integrate actions of the ANS
