NR601 MIDTERM EXAM SCRIPT 2026
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
GRADED A PLUS CLINICAL DECISION MAKING
STUDY PACKAGE
◉ The aging process causes what normal physiological changes in
the heart.
Answer: The heart valve thickens and becomes rigid, secondary to
fibrosis and sclerosis
◉ A 55 yo Caucasian male follows up after referral to cardiologist.
He thinks his med is causing a cough and sometimes he has difficulty
breathing. Which med was most likely prescribed?.
Answer: Lisinopril
◉ MJ presents with h/o structural damage with current s/s of HF.
Treatment will be based on his stage of HF which is.
Answer: Stage C
◉ 65 yo Caucasian presents with mitral valve stenosis, physical
exam is unremarkable. you know her stage of HF is.
Answer: Stage B
,◉ The best way to diagnose structural heart disease/dysfunction
noninvasively is.
Answer: Echocardiogram
◉ Chronic pain can have major impact on patients ability to function
and have profound impact on overall QOL. Ongoing pain may be
linked to.
Answer: Depression, sleep disturbance, decreased socialization
◉ The Beers criteria are appropriate for use in evaluating use of
certain meds in patients.
Answer: >65 y/o
◉ All of the following statements are true about lab values in older
adults except.
Answer: Abnormal findings are often due to physiological aging
◉ According to the 2017 ACC HTN guidelines, the recommended BP
goal for a 65y/o African American woman with a h/o HTN and DM
and no h/o CKD is.
Answer: <140/80
◉ THe pathophysiology of HF is due to.
,Answer: Inadequate cardiac output to meet the metabolic and O2
demands of the body
◉ The volume of air a patient to exhale for total duration of the test
during maximal effort is.
Answer: FVC
◉ According it the 2017 ACC HTN guidelines, normal BP is.
Answer: <120/80
◉ Functional abilities are best assessed by.
Answer: Observed assessment of function
◉ LB is a 77 yo with chronic poorly controlled HTN. You know that
goals include prevention of target organ damage. During your eval
you will assess for evidence of.
Answer: Left ventricular hypertrophy
◉ Aortic regurgitation requires medical treatment for early signs of
HF with.
Answer: ACEi
◉ The volume of air in the lungs at max inflation is.
, Answer: TLC (total lung capacity)
◉ Preferred amount of exercise for older adults is.
Answer: 30min/day of aerobic exercise 5 days a week
◉ You know the following statements regarding th pain of acute
coronary syndrome are true except.
Answer: Present atypically more often in men than women
◉ Elderly patient presents with new onset of feeling heart race,
fatigue. EKG reveals Afib with rate >100. Patient also has a new
tremor in both hands. Which of the following would you suspect.
Answer: Hyperthyroidism
◉ Which patient is more likely to have osteoporosis.
Answer: 80 y/o. Underweight male who smokes and has been on
steroids for psoriasis
◉ Post menopausal woman with osteoporosis is taking
bisphosphonate daily po. What action info statement would indicate
she understood your instructions regarding this med?.
Answer: Take med with full glass of water when up in the AM 30 min
before other food and meds
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS
GRADED A PLUS CLINICAL DECISION MAKING
STUDY PACKAGE
◉ The aging process causes what normal physiological changes in
the heart.
Answer: The heart valve thickens and becomes rigid, secondary to
fibrosis and sclerosis
◉ A 55 yo Caucasian male follows up after referral to cardiologist.
He thinks his med is causing a cough and sometimes he has difficulty
breathing. Which med was most likely prescribed?.
Answer: Lisinopril
◉ MJ presents with h/o structural damage with current s/s of HF.
Treatment will be based on his stage of HF which is.
Answer: Stage C
◉ 65 yo Caucasian presents with mitral valve stenosis, physical
exam is unremarkable. you know her stage of HF is.
Answer: Stage B
,◉ The best way to diagnose structural heart disease/dysfunction
noninvasively is.
Answer: Echocardiogram
◉ Chronic pain can have major impact on patients ability to function
and have profound impact on overall QOL. Ongoing pain may be
linked to.
Answer: Depression, sleep disturbance, decreased socialization
◉ The Beers criteria are appropriate for use in evaluating use of
certain meds in patients.
Answer: >65 y/o
◉ All of the following statements are true about lab values in older
adults except.
Answer: Abnormal findings are often due to physiological aging
◉ According to the 2017 ACC HTN guidelines, the recommended BP
goal for a 65y/o African American woman with a h/o HTN and DM
and no h/o CKD is.
Answer: <140/80
◉ THe pathophysiology of HF is due to.
,Answer: Inadequate cardiac output to meet the metabolic and O2
demands of the body
◉ The volume of air a patient to exhale for total duration of the test
during maximal effort is.
Answer: FVC
◉ According it the 2017 ACC HTN guidelines, normal BP is.
Answer: <120/80
◉ Functional abilities are best assessed by.
Answer: Observed assessment of function
◉ LB is a 77 yo with chronic poorly controlled HTN. You know that
goals include prevention of target organ damage. During your eval
you will assess for evidence of.
Answer: Left ventricular hypertrophy
◉ Aortic regurgitation requires medical treatment for early signs of
HF with.
Answer: ACEi
◉ The volume of air in the lungs at max inflation is.
, Answer: TLC (total lung capacity)
◉ Preferred amount of exercise for older adults is.
Answer: 30min/day of aerobic exercise 5 days a week
◉ You know the following statements regarding th pain of acute
coronary syndrome are true except.
Answer: Present atypically more often in men than women
◉ Elderly patient presents with new onset of feeling heart race,
fatigue. EKG reveals Afib with rate >100. Patient also has a new
tremor in both hands. Which of the following would you suspect.
Answer: Hyperthyroidism
◉ Which patient is more likely to have osteoporosis.
Answer: 80 y/o. Underweight male who smokes and has been on
steroids for psoriasis
◉ Post menopausal woman with osteoporosis is taking
bisphosphonate daily po. What action info statement would indicate
she understood your instructions regarding this med?.
Answer: Take med with full glass of water when up in the AM 30 min
before other food and meds
