FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 11TH EDITION BY
PATRICIA A 2026 FINAL PAPER SOLVED
QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY APLUS
◉ Interrelated roles of nurses.
Answer: communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, collaborator
◉ coping with disability and death.
Answer: nurses use optimal function of maximum strengths and
potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to
families and patients during end-of-life care, hospice
◉ The Nursing Process.
Answer: -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
◉ Nurse Practice Acts.
,Answer: -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and
regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal
requirements and titles for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
◉ 5 vital signs.
Answer: respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and
pain
◉ Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria.
Answer: -well defined body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
◉ Florence Nightingale.
,Answer: defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated
nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education,
published books; founder of modern nursing
◉ Clara Barton.
Answer: established red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and
feed union soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses
for the army of James
◉ sources of knowledge.
Answer: -traditional ( passed down from generation to generation)
-authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on
person's perceived expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
◉ objective.
Answer: you can see the object
◉ subjective.
Answer: coming from that subject
◉ types of knowledge.
, Answer: -science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating,
and explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the
processes used to develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring
about a desired result)
◉ goals of nursing research.
Answer: -improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics,
nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
◉ deductive reasoning.
Answer: examines a general idea and then considers specific actions
or ideas
◉ inductive reasoning.
Answer: one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions
about general ideas
◉ health.
PATRICIA A 2026 FINAL PAPER SOLVED
QUESTIONS ANSWER KEY APLUS
◉ Interrelated roles of nurses.
Answer: communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher,
advocate, collaborator
◉ coping with disability and death.
Answer: nurses use optimal function of maximum strengths and
potentials, refer to community support systems; provide care to
families and patients during end-of-life care, hospice
◉ The Nursing Process.
Answer: -one of major guidelines for nursing practice
-helps nurses implement their roles
-integrates art and science of nursing
-allows nurses to use critical thinking and clinical reasoning
-defines the areas of care that are within the domain of nursing
◉ Nurse Practice Acts.
,Answer: -define legal scope of nursing practice
-create state board of nursing to make and enforce rules and
regulation
-define important terms and activities in nursing, including legal
requirements and titles for RNs and LPNs
- established criteria for the education and licensure of nurses
◉ 5 vital signs.
Answer: respirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and
pain
◉ Nursing is recognized as profession based on what criteria.
Answer: -well defined body specific and unique knowledge
-strong service orientation
-recognized authority by a professional group (ANA)
-code of ethics
-professional organization that sets standards
-ongoing research
-autonomy and self-regulation
◉ Florence Nightingale.
,Answer: defined nursing as both an art and science, differentiated
nursing from medicine, created freestanding nursing education,
published books; founder of modern nursing
◉ Clara Barton.
Answer: established red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and
feed union soldiers during civil war; served as supervisor of nurses
for the army of James
◉ sources of knowledge.
Answer: -traditional ( passed down from generation to generation)
-authoritative- comes from an expert, accepted as truth based on
person's perceived expertise
-scientific (obtained through the scientific method-research)
◉ objective.
Answer: you can see the object
◉ subjective.
Answer: coming from that subject
◉ types of knowledge.
, Answer: -science (observing, identifying, describing, investigating,
and explaining events and occurences that are perceived in world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the
processes used to develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring
about a desired result)
◉ goals of nursing research.
Answer: -improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics,
nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
◉ deductive reasoning.
Answer: examines a general idea and then considers specific actions
or ideas
◉ inductive reasoning.
Answer: one builds from specific ideas or actions to conclusions
about general ideas
◉ health.
