NURSING • TESTBANK • PRACTICE QUESTIONS
TESTBANK
Pathophysiology
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Answers shown after each question
© MOh T
Original Educational Practice Questions
For Nursing Students
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only
,Testbank | Pathophysiology | © MOh T @moht
1. Pathophysiology is best defined as the study of:
A. Only normal body function
B. Functional changes associated with disease and injury
C. Only anatomy without function
D. Only drug actions
Answer: B
2. Homeostasis refers to:
A. Disease progression only
B. Maintenance of a stable internal environment
C. Only external environmental change
D. Complete absence of all change
Answer: B
3. Atrophy is:
A. Increase in cell size
B. Decrease in cell size
C. Increase in cell number
D. Conversion to another cell type
Answer: B
4. Hypertrophy is:
A. Decrease in cell size
B. Increase in cell size
C. Increase in cell number only
D. Cell death
Answer: B
5. Hyperplasia is:
A. Increase in cell size only
B. Increase in the number of cells
C. Decrease in cell number
D. Irreversible cell injury always
Answer: B
6. Metaplasia is:
A. Increase in cell size
B. Replacement of one differentiated cell type by another
C. Only malignant change
D. Decrease in cell size
Answer: B
7. Dysplasia refers to:
A. Normal organized growth
B. Abnormal cell size, shape, and organization (often pre-cancerous)
C. Only benign enlargement
D. Complete normal differentiation
Answer: B
8. Apoptosis is:
A. Uncontrolled cell swelling and rupture
B. Programmed cell death
C. Only necrosis of a large tissue area
D. Always pathologic
Answer: B
9. Necrosis is:
A. Always programmed and orderly
B. Uncontrolled cell death often with inflammation
C. Only beneficial remodeling
D. Identical to apoptosis in mechanism
Answer: B
10. Hypoxia means:
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 1
, Testbank | Pathophysiology | © MOh T @moht
A. Excess oxygen in tissues
B. Reduced oxygen supply to tissues
C. Only anemia without tissue effect
D. Increased blood flow only
Answer: B
11. Ischemia is:
A. Increased blood flow
B. Reduced blood supply to tissues
C. Only low oxygen with normal flow
D. Only venous congestion without arterial role
Answer: B
12. Free radicals can damage cells by:
A. Stabilizing membranes
B. Oxidizing lipids, proteins, and DNA
C. Only improving ATP production
D. Preventing inflammation
Answer: B
13. Reperfusion injury can occur when:
A. Blood flow is permanently stopped
B. Blood flow is restored after ischemia and free radicals form
C. Only during continuous hypoxia without restoration
D. Never after ischemia
Answer: B
14. Inflammation is characterized by:
A. Only cooling and drying of tissue
B. Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function
C. Only decreased blood flow
D. Absence of immune cells
Answer: B
15. The first cells to arrive in acute inflammation are typically:
A. Lymphocytes
B. Neutrophils
C. Only plasma cells
D. Only eosinophils always
Answer: B
16. Histamine causes:
A. Vasoconstriction only
B. Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
C. Only decreased permeability
D. No vascular effects
Answer: B
17. Chronic inflammation is characterized by:
A. Only neutrophils for days
B. Prolonged response with lymphocytes, macrophages, and tissue destruction/repair
C. Complete resolution in hours always
D. No scarring potential
Answer: B
18. Granulomatous inflammation is typical of:
A. Acute bacterial cellulitis only
B. Tuberculosis, some fungal infections, and foreign bodies
C. Only viral colds
D. Only mild allergic rhinitis
Answer: B
19. Wound healing by primary intention occurs when:
A. Edges are far apart with large tissue loss
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 2
TESTBANK
Pathophysiology
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Answers shown after each question
© MOh T
Original Educational Practice Questions
For Nursing Students
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only
,Testbank | Pathophysiology | © MOh T @moht
1. Pathophysiology is best defined as the study of:
A. Only normal body function
B. Functional changes associated with disease and injury
C. Only anatomy without function
D. Only drug actions
Answer: B
2. Homeostasis refers to:
A. Disease progression only
B. Maintenance of a stable internal environment
C. Only external environmental change
D. Complete absence of all change
Answer: B
3. Atrophy is:
A. Increase in cell size
B. Decrease in cell size
C. Increase in cell number
D. Conversion to another cell type
Answer: B
4. Hypertrophy is:
A. Decrease in cell size
B. Increase in cell size
C. Increase in cell number only
D. Cell death
Answer: B
5. Hyperplasia is:
A. Increase in cell size only
B. Increase in the number of cells
C. Decrease in cell number
D. Irreversible cell injury always
Answer: B
6. Metaplasia is:
A. Increase in cell size
B. Replacement of one differentiated cell type by another
C. Only malignant change
D. Decrease in cell size
Answer: B
7. Dysplasia refers to:
A. Normal organized growth
B. Abnormal cell size, shape, and organization (often pre-cancerous)
C. Only benign enlargement
D. Complete normal differentiation
Answer: B
8. Apoptosis is:
A. Uncontrolled cell swelling and rupture
B. Programmed cell death
C. Only necrosis of a large tissue area
D. Always pathologic
Answer: B
9. Necrosis is:
A. Always programmed and orderly
B. Uncontrolled cell death often with inflammation
C. Only beneficial remodeling
D. Identical to apoptosis in mechanism
Answer: B
10. Hypoxia means:
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 1
, Testbank | Pathophysiology | © MOh T @moht
A. Excess oxygen in tissues
B. Reduced oxygen supply to tissues
C. Only anemia without tissue effect
D. Increased blood flow only
Answer: B
11. Ischemia is:
A. Increased blood flow
B. Reduced blood supply to tissues
C. Only low oxygen with normal flow
D. Only venous congestion without arterial role
Answer: B
12. Free radicals can damage cells by:
A. Stabilizing membranes
B. Oxidizing lipids, proteins, and DNA
C. Only improving ATP production
D. Preventing inflammation
Answer: B
13. Reperfusion injury can occur when:
A. Blood flow is permanently stopped
B. Blood flow is restored after ischemia and free radicals form
C. Only during continuous hypoxia without restoration
D. Never after ischemia
Answer: B
14. Inflammation is characterized by:
A. Only cooling and drying of tissue
B. Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function
C. Only decreased blood flow
D. Absence of immune cells
Answer: B
15. The first cells to arrive in acute inflammation are typically:
A. Lymphocytes
B. Neutrophils
C. Only plasma cells
D. Only eosinophils always
Answer: B
16. Histamine causes:
A. Vasoconstriction only
B. Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
C. Only decreased permeability
D. No vascular effects
Answer: B
17. Chronic inflammation is characterized by:
A. Only neutrophils for days
B. Prolonged response with lymphocytes, macrophages, and tissue destruction/repair
C. Complete resolution in hours always
D. No scarring potential
Answer: B
18. Granulomatous inflammation is typical of:
A. Acute bacterial cellulitis only
B. Tuberculosis, some fungal infections, and foreign bodies
C. Only viral colds
D. Only mild allergic rhinitis
Answer: B
19. Wound healing by primary intention occurs when:
A. Edges are far apart with large tissue loss
© MOh T | @moht | Educational Use Only Page 2
