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Instructor’s Manual for
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,https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
Chapter 2
Understanding and Modeling Organizational
Systems
Key Points and Objectives
1. Organizations are complex systems composed of interrelated and interdependent
subsystems.
2. System and subsystem boundaries and environments have an impact on information
system analysis and design.
3. Systems are described as either open, with free flowing information, or closed with
restricted access to information.
4. A virtual organization is one that has parts of the organization in different physical
locations. They use computer networks and communications technology to work on projects.
Advantages of a virtual organization are:
A. Reduced costs of physical facilities
B. More rapid response to customer needs
C. Flexibility for employees to care for children or aging parents
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5. Enterprise systems or Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) describes an integrated
organizational information system. The software helps the flow of information between the
functional areas within the organization.
6. ERP can affect every aspect of the organization, such as:
A. Design of employees’ work
B. Skills required for job competency
C. Strategic positioning of the company
7. Many issues must be overcome for the ERP installation is to be declared a success:
A. User acceptance
B. Integration with legacy systems and the supply chain
C. Upgrading functionality (and complexity) of ERP modules
D. Reorganizing work life of users and decision makers
E. Expanded reach across several organizations
F. Strategic repositioning of the company
8. A context-level data flow diagram is an important tool for showing data used and
information produced by a system. It provides an overview of the setting or environment the
system exists within—which entities supply and receive data/information.
9. The context-level data flow diagram is one way to show scope, or what is to be included
in the system. The project has a budget that helps to define scope.
10. Entity-relationship diagrams help the analyst understand the organizational system and
the data stored by the organization.
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11. There are three types of entities:
A. Fundamental entity, describing a person, place, or thing.
B. Associative entity (also called a gerund, junction, intersection, or concatenated entity),
joining two entities. It can only exist between two entities.
C. Attributive entity, to describe attributes and repeating groups.
12. Relationships are shown with a zero or circle representing none, a vertical line
representing one, or crow’s foot representing many and can be:
A. One to one
B. One to many
C. Many to many
13. A use case diagram reflects the view of the system from the perspective of a user outside
of the system.
14. A use case model partitions the way the system works into behaviors, services, and
responses that are significant to the users of the system.
15. A use case diagram has symbols for:
A. An actor, the role of a user of the system
B. The use case representing a sequence of transactions in a system
16. There are two kinds of use cases:
https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
Instructor’s Manual for
https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
Chapter 2
Understanding and Modeling Organizational
Systems
Key Points and Objectives
1. Organizations are complex systems composed of interrelated and interdependent
subsystems.
2. System and subsystem boundaries and environments have an impact on information
system analysis and design.
3. Systems are described as either open, with free flowing information, or closed with
restricted access to information.
4. A virtual organization is one that has parts of the organization in different physical
locations. They use computer networks and communications technology to work on projects.
Advantages of a virtual organization are:
A. Reduced costs of physical facilities
B. More rapid response to customer needs
C. Flexibility for employees to care for children or aging parents
https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
5. Enterprise systems or Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) describes an integrated
organizational information system. The software helps the flow of information between the
functional areas within the organization.
6. ERP can affect every aspect of the organization, such as:
A. Design of employees’ work
B. Skills required for job competency
C. Strategic positioning of the company
7. Many issues must be overcome for the ERP installation is to be declared a success:
A. User acceptance
B. Integration with legacy systems and the supply chain
C. Upgrading functionality (and complexity) of ERP modules
D. Reorganizing work life of users and decision makers
E. Expanded reach across several organizations
F. Strategic repositioning of the company
8. A context-level data flow diagram is an important tool for showing data used and
information produced by a system. It provides an overview of the setting or environment the
system exists within—which entities supply and receive data/information.
9. The context-level data flow diagram is one way to show scope, or what is to be included
in the system. The project has a budget that helps to define scope.
10. Entity-relationship diagrams help the analyst understand the organizational system and
the data stored by the organization.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky https://www.stuvia.com/user/gabrielucky
11. There are three types of entities:
A. Fundamental entity, describing a person, place, or thing.
B. Associative entity (also called a gerund, junction, intersection, or concatenated entity),
joining two entities. It can only exist between two entities.
C. Attributive entity, to describe attributes and repeating groups.
12. Relationships are shown with a zero or circle representing none, a vertical line
representing one, or crow’s foot representing many and can be:
A. One to one
B. One to many
C. Many to many
13. A use case diagram reflects the view of the system from the perspective of a user outside
of the system.
14. A use case model partitions the way the system works into behaviors, services, and
responses that are significant to the users of the system.
15. A use case diagram has symbols for:
A. An actor, the role of a user of the system
B. The use case representing a sequence of transactions in a system
16. There are two kinds of use cases:
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