WGU C785 CERTIFICATION MODULE SET
TESTED 100 PERCENT VERIFIED
◉ what is gene expression?
Answer: process by which info coded in DNA creates proteins and
RNAs
◉ What are nucleotides?
Answer: building blocks of nucleic acids
◉ what is antiparallel?
Answer: refers to arrangement of DNA double helix (run in
opposite directions)
◉ what is complementary?
Answer: predictable counterparts
◉ what is template DNA?
Answer: DNA strand, provides pattern for ordering via
complementary base pairing in RNA transcript
◉ what is coding DNA?
Answer: nontemplate strand of DNA, same sequence as mRNA
except has T instead of U
,◉ what is replication?
Answer: processing of copying DNA molecules via DNA synthesis
◉ what is transcription?
Answer: creation of RNA using info from DNA
◉ What is RNA polymerase?
Answer: enzyme, links ribonucleotides to growing RNA chain
during transcription
◉ what is a promoter?
Answer: sequence of DNA that binds with RNA, encourages RNA
transcription
◉ what is a transcription factor?
Answer: proteins that bind to promoter regions, help initiate
transcription
◉ what is mRNA?
Answer: type of RNA, created via DNA template, specifies primary
structure of protein
◉ what is translation?
,Answer: creation of polypeptide using info in the mRNA
◉ what is tRNA?
Answer: RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during
creation of polypeptide
◉ what are ribosomes?
Answer: molecular complex, assist with orderly linking of amino
acids/polypeptide chains
◉ what are codons?
Answer: nucleotide triplet of DNA or RNA. Basic genetic code.
Specifies type of amino acid or termination signal
◉ what are anticodons?
Answer: nucleotide triplet at one end of tRNA. Base pairs with
complementary codon on mRNA
◉ what is splicing?
Answer: parts of transcript are removed and others are
reconncected
◉ what are introns?
Answer: pieces of noncoding that are removed during RNA
processing
, ◉ what are exons?
Answer: pieces of coding that stay with RNA during processing -
ARE NOT DISCARDED
◉ what are histones?
Answer: Protein; high proportion and charged amino acid that
binds with DNA. Plays key role in chromatin structure.
◉ what is a nucleosome?
Answer: basic bead like unit of DNA.
◉ what is methylation?
Answer: presence of methyl groups on DNA bases, adding of
methyl groups to DNA bases
◉ what is acetylation?
Answer: attachment of acetyl groups to certain amino acids of
proteins (mainly histones)
◉ what is the structural difference between myoglobin and
hemoglobin?
Answer: myoglobin - primary, secondary, tertiary, single subunit
protein (1 heme, 1 iron, 1 O2). hemoglobin - primary, secondary,
teriary, quaternary, 4 subunit protein (4 heme, 4 iron, 4 O2)
TESTED 100 PERCENT VERIFIED
◉ what is gene expression?
Answer: process by which info coded in DNA creates proteins and
RNAs
◉ What are nucleotides?
Answer: building blocks of nucleic acids
◉ what is antiparallel?
Answer: refers to arrangement of DNA double helix (run in
opposite directions)
◉ what is complementary?
Answer: predictable counterparts
◉ what is template DNA?
Answer: DNA strand, provides pattern for ordering via
complementary base pairing in RNA transcript
◉ what is coding DNA?
Answer: nontemplate strand of DNA, same sequence as mRNA
except has T instead of U
,◉ what is replication?
Answer: processing of copying DNA molecules via DNA synthesis
◉ what is transcription?
Answer: creation of RNA using info from DNA
◉ What is RNA polymerase?
Answer: enzyme, links ribonucleotides to growing RNA chain
during transcription
◉ what is a promoter?
Answer: sequence of DNA that binds with RNA, encourages RNA
transcription
◉ what is a transcription factor?
Answer: proteins that bind to promoter regions, help initiate
transcription
◉ what is mRNA?
Answer: type of RNA, created via DNA template, specifies primary
structure of protein
◉ what is translation?
,Answer: creation of polypeptide using info in the mRNA
◉ what is tRNA?
Answer: RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during
creation of polypeptide
◉ what are ribosomes?
Answer: molecular complex, assist with orderly linking of amino
acids/polypeptide chains
◉ what are codons?
Answer: nucleotide triplet of DNA or RNA. Basic genetic code.
Specifies type of amino acid or termination signal
◉ what are anticodons?
Answer: nucleotide triplet at one end of tRNA. Base pairs with
complementary codon on mRNA
◉ what is splicing?
Answer: parts of transcript are removed and others are
reconncected
◉ what are introns?
Answer: pieces of noncoding that are removed during RNA
processing
, ◉ what are exons?
Answer: pieces of coding that stay with RNA during processing -
ARE NOT DISCARDED
◉ what are histones?
Answer: Protein; high proportion and charged amino acid that
binds with DNA. Plays key role in chromatin structure.
◉ what is a nucleosome?
Answer: basic bead like unit of DNA.
◉ what is methylation?
Answer: presence of methyl groups on DNA bases, adding of
methyl groups to DNA bases
◉ what is acetylation?
Answer: attachment of acetyl groups to certain amino acids of
proteins (mainly histones)
◉ what is the structural difference between myoglobin and
hemoglobin?
Answer: myoglobin - primary, secondary, tertiary, single subunit
protein (1 heme, 1 iron, 1 O2). hemoglobin - primary, secondary,
teriary, quaternary, 4 subunit protein (4 heme, 4 iron, 4 O2)
