GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING
NUR 504 Exam 4
Practice Question Bank
Advanced Pathophysiology — NCLEX-Style Practice Questions with
Rationales
Comprehensive Review: Respiratory, Cardiovascular, & HEENT
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
NUR 504 · Galen College of Nursing Page 1
,NUR 504 EXAM 4 PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is.
Category: Advanced Pathophysiology — Respiratory, Cardiovascular &
HEENT
1 A physician has just directly examined a patient's sinuses. Which sinuses could these
have been?
A Ethmoidal
B Superciliary
C Sphenoidal
D Maxillary
Why D is correct: The maxillary sinuses can be directly examined. Ethmoidal and
sphenoidal sinuses cannot be directly visualized.
A — Ethmoidal sinuses cannot be directly examined.
B — Superciliary is not a sinus.
C — Sphenoidal sinuses cannot be directly examined.
, 2 Where are olfactory receptors located?
A The mucosa in the upper part of the nasal cavity
B The nasal vestibule
C The inferior nasal turbinate
D The nasopharynx
Why A is correct: Olfactory receptors are located in the mucosa in the upper part of the
nasal cavity.
B — The nasal vestibule contains hair follicles.
C — The inferior turbinate is for airflow.
D — The nasopharynx is behind the nasal cavity.
3 Which of the following best describes diphenhydramine?
A A pain reliever
B A decongestant
C An expectorant
D An antihistamine
Why D is correct: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine (e.g., Benadryl).
A — Diphenhydramine is not a pain reliever.
B — Diphenhydramine is not a decongestant.
C — Diphenhydramine is not an expectorant.
NUR 504 Exam 4
Practice Question Bank
Advanced Pathophysiology — NCLEX-Style Practice Questions with
Rationales
Comprehensive Review: Respiratory, Cardiovascular, & HEENT
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
NUR 504 · Galen College of Nursing Page 1
,NUR 504 EXAM 4 PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is.
Category: Advanced Pathophysiology — Respiratory, Cardiovascular &
HEENT
1 A physician has just directly examined a patient's sinuses. Which sinuses could these
have been?
A Ethmoidal
B Superciliary
C Sphenoidal
D Maxillary
Why D is correct: The maxillary sinuses can be directly examined. Ethmoidal and
sphenoidal sinuses cannot be directly visualized.
A — Ethmoidal sinuses cannot be directly examined.
B — Superciliary is not a sinus.
C — Sphenoidal sinuses cannot be directly examined.
, 2 Where are olfactory receptors located?
A The mucosa in the upper part of the nasal cavity
B The nasal vestibule
C The inferior nasal turbinate
D The nasopharynx
Why A is correct: Olfactory receptors are located in the mucosa in the upper part of the
nasal cavity.
B — The nasal vestibule contains hair follicles.
C — The inferior turbinate is for airflow.
D — The nasopharynx is behind the nasal cavity.
3 Which of the following best describes diphenhydramine?
A A pain reliever
B A decongestant
C An expectorant
D An antihistamine
Why D is correct: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine (e.g., Benadryl).
A — Diphenhydramine is not a pain reliever.
B — Diphenhydramine is not a decongestant.
C — Diphenhydramine is not an expectorant.
