GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING
NUR 504 Exam 5
Practice Question Bank
Advanced Pathophysiology — NCLEX-Style Practice Questions with
Rationales
Comprehensive Review: Endocrine & Gastrointestinal Disorders
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
NUR 504 · Galen College of Nursing Page 1
,NUR 504 EXAM 5 PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is.
Category: Advanced Pathophysiology — Endocrine & Gastrointestinal
1 Damage to the temporal lobe of the brain may leave a patient with impaired hearing
as well as emotional/behavioral abnormalities.
A True
B False
Why A is correct: The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and is involved in
emotional/behavioral regulation.
B — This statement is true.
2 The endocrine system consists of a number of:
A Muscle groups
B Neural networks
C Adipose layers
D Glands
Why D is correct: The endocrine system consists of a number of glands that secrete
hormones.
A — Muscle groups are part of the muscular system.
B — Neural networks are part of the nervous system.
C — Adipose layers are part of the integumentary system.
, 3 Which part of the endocrine system creates chemicals that speed up metabolism?
A Pituitary gland
B Thyroid gland
C Pancreas
D Hypothalamus
Why B is correct: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones (T3/T4) that regulate and
speed up metabolism.
A — The pituitary regulates other glands.
C — The pancreas regulates blood sugar.
D — The hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems.
4 What gland secretes cortisol?
A Pituitary
B Adrenal
C Thyroid
D Pancreas
Why B is correct: Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
A — The pituitary secretes ACTH, which stimulates cortisol release.
C — The thyroid secretes T3/T4.
D — The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon.
NUR 504 Exam 5
Practice Question Bank
Advanced Pathophysiology — NCLEX-Style Practice Questions with
Rationales
Comprehensive Review: Endocrine & Gastrointestinal Disorders
Edition 1 · July 2026
Table of Contents
1. Instructions for Use 2
2. Practice Questions with Answers & Rationales 2
NUR 504 · Galen College of Nursing Page 1
,NUR 504 EXAM 5 PRACTICE GUIDE INSTRUCTIONS & PRACTICE QUESTIONS
How to Use This Guide
Read each stem, choose your answer, then check the rationale directly below it. The correct
option is marked, and each wrong option is explained so you understand why it's wrong — not
just that it is.
Category: Advanced Pathophysiology — Endocrine & Gastrointestinal
1 Damage to the temporal lobe of the brain may leave a patient with impaired hearing
as well as emotional/behavioral abnormalities.
A True
B False
Why A is correct: The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and is involved in
emotional/behavioral regulation.
B — This statement is true.
2 The endocrine system consists of a number of:
A Muscle groups
B Neural networks
C Adipose layers
D Glands
Why D is correct: The endocrine system consists of a number of glands that secrete
hormones.
A — Muscle groups are part of the muscular system.
B — Neural networks are part of the nervous system.
C — Adipose layers are part of the integumentary system.
, 3 Which part of the endocrine system creates chemicals that speed up metabolism?
A Pituitary gland
B Thyroid gland
C Pancreas
D Hypothalamus
Why B is correct: The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones (T3/T4) that regulate and
speed up metabolism.
A — The pituitary regulates other glands.
C — The pancreas regulates blood sugar.
D — The hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems.
4 What gland secretes cortisol?
A Pituitary
B Adrenal
C Thyroid
D Pancreas
Why B is correct: Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal cortex.
A — The pituitary secretes ACTH, which stimulates cortisol release.
C — The thyroid secretes T3/T4.
D — The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon.
