NSG 250 EXAM 2 | COMPREHENSIVE NURSING STUDY GUIDE,
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Infancy - ANS ✔✔The period from about age 4 weeks to about 1 year
Toddlerhood - ANS ✔✔The period from about age 1, when the infant begins walking until about age 2
Brain Growth Spurt - ANS ✔✔Rapid growing during infancy in the size of neurons, the number of glial
cells, and the complexity of neural connections
Plasticity - ANS ✔✔the degree to which the brain can be modified through experience; plasticity is
greater at early stages
Habituation Method - ANS ✔✔To study infant perceptual capabilities, researchers habituate infants to
certain stimuli, and then change the stimuli, and then change the stimuli and observe the infants
response
Fine motor skills - ANS ✔✔Those skills that involve the use of the hands and fingers to perform intricate
movements
Gross Motor Skills - ANS ✔✔Those skills that involve the larger muscles or the whole body to perform
more general movements
Weaning - ANS ✔✔The process of shifting the infant's diet from breast-or-bottle feeding to eating and
drinking a wider variety of foods
Sensation - ANS ✔✔The transmission of stimulus energy; such as light waves, into a neural impulse by a
sense organ
perception - ANS ✔✔The complex process by which the brain interprets and gives meaning to sensory
information
Mirror Neurons - ANS ✔✔Neurons in the brains of humans and some other animals that fire both when
an individual performs a specific action and when the individual watches action being performed
performed by another.
Sensorimotor period - ANS ✔✔Piaget's first period of cognitive development (from birth to about 2
years)
Adaptation - ANS ✔✔In Piaget's theory, the process by which infant schemes are elaborated, modified,
and developed; adaptation typically involves assimilation and accommodation
object permanence - ANS ✔✔According to Piaget, the realization by infants beginning at about 8 months
that objects continue to exist when they are out of sight
, Symbolic Representation - ANS ✔✔The use of a word, picture, gesture, or other sign to represent past
and present events, experiences, and concepts
Receptive Language - ANS ✔✔The repertoire and commands that a child understands, even though she
or he may not be able to use them.
Productive Langauge - ANS ✔✔Spoken or written language or communication
Holophrastic Speech - ANS ✔✔In the early stages of language acquisition, the young child's use of single
words to convey complete thoughts
Overextensions - ANS ✔✔The young child's tendency to overgeneralize specific words, as when a child
uses "lassie" as the terms for all dogs
Telegraphic Speech - ANS ✔✔The utterances of 18-month olds to 2 year olds that omit the less
significant words and include only the words that carry the most meaning
Language Acquisition Device - ANS ✔✔Chomsky's Term for an innate set of mental structures that aids
children in language learning
In Bowlby's Theory of attachment, secure attachment between an infant and a primary caregiver would
likely develop at? - ANS ✔✔2-7 months
What best describes the normative language development of a 12 month old? - ANS ✔✔Can say 1-3
meaningful words
Plasticity - ANS ✔✔The ability to recover cerebral activity after insult or injury
A newborn who is born 40 weeks gestation and weighs 4lbs is considered? - ANS ✔✔Small for
gestational age
According to Erikson, an infants developmental conflict is? - ANS ✔✔trust vs. mistrust
A newborn has the ability to sleep through loud sounds in their house as the siblings play. This is an
example of? - ANS ✔✔Habituation
True or False? All children are toilet trained by two years old. - ANS ✔✔False
An example of object permanence is? - ANS ✔✔A child looks for a toy hidden under a blanket
Trust vs. Mistrust - ANS ✔✔Birth-12 months- Infants learn the basic trustworthiness of their
environment from their caregivers. If their needs are constantly met and if they receive attention and
affection, they will form a global impression of the world as a safe place. But if their world is painful and
inconsistent, stressful, they learn to see that their life is unpredictable and untrustworthy
Autonomy vs. Shame and Guilt - ANS ✔✔12 months- 3 years toddlers discover their own body and how
to control it. When they succeed in doing things for themselves, they gain self-confidence and self-
PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Infancy - ANS ✔✔The period from about age 4 weeks to about 1 year
Toddlerhood - ANS ✔✔The period from about age 1, when the infant begins walking until about age 2
Brain Growth Spurt - ANS ✔✔Rapid growing during infancy in the size of neurons, the number of glial
cells, and the complexity of neural connections
Plasticity - ANS ✔✔the degree to which the brain can be modified through experience; plasticity is
greater at early stages
Habituation Method - ANS ✔✔To study infant perceptual capabilities, researchers habituate infants to
certain stimuli, and then change the stimuli, and then change the stimuli and observe the infants
response
Fine motor skills - ANS ✔✔Those skills that involve the use of the hands and fingers to perform intricate
movements
Gross Motor Skills - ANS ✔✔Those skills that involve the larger muscles or the whole body to perform
more general movements
Weaning - ANS ✔✔The process of shifting the infant's diet from breast-or-bottle feeding to eating and
drinking a wider variety of foods
Sensation - ANS ✔✔The transmission of stimulus energy; such as light waves, into a neural impulse by a
sense organ
perception - ANS ✔✔The complex process by which the brain interprets and gives meaning to sensory
information
Mirror Neurons - ANS ✔✔Neurons in the brains of humans and some other animals that fire both when
an individual performs a specific action and when the individual watches action being performed
performed by another.
Sensorimotor period - ANS ✔✔Piaget's first period of cognitive development (from birth to about 2
years)
Adaptation - ANS ✔✔In Piaget's theory, the process by which infant schemes are elaborated, modified,
and developed; adaptation typically involves assimilation and accommodation
object permanence - ANS ✔✔According to Piaget, the realization by infants beginning at about 8 months
that objects continue to exist when they are out of sight
, Symbolic Representation - ANS ✔✔The use of a word, picture, gesture, or other sign to represent past
and present events, experiences, and concepts
Receptive Language - ANS ✔✔The repertoire and commands that a child understands, even though she
or he may not be able to use them.
Productive Langauge - ANS ✔✔Spoken or written language or communication
Holophrastic Speech - ANS ✔✔In the early stages of language acquisition, the young child's use of single
words to convey complete thoughts
Overextensions - ANS ✔✔The young child's tendency to overgeneralize specific words, as when a child
uses "lassie" as the terms for all dogs
Telegraphic Speech - ANS ✔✔The utterances of 18-month olds to 2 year olds that omit the less
significant words and include only the words that carry the most meaning
Language Acquisition Device - ANS ✔✔Chomsky's Term for an innate set of mental structures that aids
children in language learning
In Bowlby's Theory of attachment, secure attachment between an infant and a primary caregiver would
likely develop at? - ANS ✔✔2-7 months
What best describes the normative language development of a 12 month old? - ANS ✔✔Can say 1-3
meaningful words
Plasticity - ANS ✔✔The ability to recover cerebral activity after insult or injury
A newborn who is born 40 weeks gestation and weighs 4lbs is considered? - ANS ✔✔Small for
gestational age
According to Erikson, an infants developmental conflict is? - ANS ✔✔trust vs. mistrust
A newborn has the ability to sleep through loud sounds in their house as the siblings play. This is an
example of? - ANS ✔✔Habituation
True or False? All children are toilet trained by two years old. - ANS ✔✔False
An example of object permanence is? - ANS ✔✔A child looks for a toy hidden under a blanket
Trust vs. Mistrust - ANS ✔✔Birth-12 months- Infants learn the basic trustworthiness of their
environment from their caregivers. If their needs are constantly met and if they receive attention and
affection, they will form a global impression of the world as a safe place. But if their world is painful and
inconsistent, stressful, they learn to see that their life is unpredictable and untrustworthy
Autonomy vs. Shame and Guilt - ANS ✔✔12 months- 3 years toddlers discover their own body and how
to control it. When they succeed in doing things for themselves, they gain self-confidence and self-
