NSG 250 QUIZ #1 | CNI COLLEGE | COMPREHENSIVE NURSING STUDY
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
PCA; why is it used? - ANS ✔✔Get med when you need it, has ceiling and is controlled doses of pain
med, small frequent doses ensures consistent plasma levels
Less lag time between identified need and med delivery which increases sense of control and decreases
amount of meds needed
Morphine and hydromorphone (deluded) typical for PCA
What to do if another person is pressing PCA - ANS ✔✔only pt should be pressing PCA for meds to
prevent overdose; if another person is pressing the button ask them to stop, then provide education
about PCA pump and its purpose, that only pt should be pressing if needed
What is the ideal BMI and waist inch circumference? - ANS ✔✔BMI 18%-24%, waist 30in for women,
34in for men
What is most reliable indicator of existing pain of pt? - ANS ✔✔Pain is whatever pt says it is; self report
of pain, 0-10 scale; considered subjective data
S/S of pain - ANS ✔✔increased heart rate, blood pressure and respirations
physiologic s/s are more prominent in acute pain
Acute pain s/s - ANS ✔✔acute pain is protective, temporary, self-limiting, and resolves w/ tissue healing
fight or flight responses; tachycardia, hypertension, anxiety, diaphoresis, muscle tension
behavioral responses: grimacing, moaning, flinching, guarding
Interventions include TX OF UNDERLYING PROBLEM
Hep-A route of transmission - ANS ✔✔fecal-oral; third world countries w/ contaminated food/water
Hep-A Risk Factors & best prevention - ANS ✔✔ingestion of contaminated food/water (shellfish), and
close personal contact w/ individual
best prevention is HANDWASHING
Hep-B Route of Transmission - ANS ✔✔blood/body fluids, perinatal, sexual contact, tattoos, shared
needles
Hep-B Plan of Care - ANS ✔✔Don't share needles
Don't share commodes because they can come in contact w/ bodily fluids
, Bed rest because it will improve the condition of the liver by decreasing energy demands
Hep-C Route of Transmission - ANS ✔✔blood and bodily fluids, sharing needles, history of HIV, body
piercing or tattoo w/ infected equipment
Hep-C Prevention - ANS ✔✔Avoid sharing needles, engage in safe sex
Hep-C precaution for nurse - ANS ✔✔standard precautions
Fibromyalgia - ANS ✔✔chronic syndrome of widespread musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, fatigue, sleep
disturbances, and difficulty concentrating
different from other types of chronic pain because of trigger points
Fibromyalgia cause - ANS ✔✔cause is unknown, maintaining a healthy lifestyle best way to decrease risk
Fibromyalgia Risk Factors - ANS ✔✔middle-aged women (20-50), family hx, psychiatric d/o, IBS, RA
Fibromyalgia Manifestations - ANS ✔✔widespread pain and fatigue, pain is localized to 18 tender
points/fibromyalgia spots in neck, spine, shoulders, hips, elbows, knees
Fibromyalgia Dx Tests - ANS ✔✔widespread pain index of 7 or more trigger points, a symptom severity
score of 5 or more, presence of symptoms for at least 3 months
What kind of exercise for fibromyalgia pt - ANS ✔✔Aerobic exercise and strength training are two
primary nonpharm Tx
Ways to reduce pain for fibromyalgia/pain management - ANS ✔✔Pts are usually lacking rest, get at
least 8hrs of sleep; lack of sleep can cause flare ups
Reduce stressors to prevent flare ups
Lyrica is best pain reliever med
Pain and comfort measures for chronic pain
Synthroid (levothyroxine) - ANS ✔✔thyroid hormone of T4 and T3 that is used for the Tx of
hypothyroidism; helps thyroid function normally
(increases metabolism, protein synthesis, cardiac output, renal perfusion, O2, temp, etc.)
Synthroid SE's - ANS ✔✔hyperthyroidism from overmedicating
begin w/ low dose and gradually increase over several weeks, take on empty stomach
report to provider if experiencing: anxiety, tachycardia, palpitations, altered appetite, abdominal cramps,
heat intolerance, fever, diaphoresis, weight loss, menstrual irregularities
GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
PCA; why is it used? - ANS ✔✔Get med when you need it, has ceiling and is controlled doses of pain
med, small frequent doses ensures consistent plasma levels
Less lag time between identified need and med delivery which increases sense of control and decreases
amount of meds needed
Morphine and hydromorphone (deluded) typical for PCA
What to do if another person is pressing PCA - ANS ✔✔only pt should be pressing PCA for meds to
prevent overdose; if another person is pressing the button ask them to stop, then provide education
about PCA pump and its purpose, that only pt should be pressing if needed
What is the ideal BMI and waist inch circumference? - ANS ✔✔BMI 18%-24%, waist 30in for women,
34in for men
What is most reliable indicator of existing pain of pt? - ANS ✔✔Pain is whatever pt says it is; self report
of pain, 0-10 scale; considered subjective data
S/S of pain - ANS ✔✔increased heart rate, blood pressure and respirations
physiologic s/s are more prominent in acute pain
Acute pain s/s - ANS ✔✔acute pain is protective, temporary, self-limiting, and resolves w/ tissue healing
fight or flight responses; tachycardia, hypertension, anxiety, diaphoresis, muscle tension
behavioral responses: grimacing, moaning, flinching, guarding
Interventions include TX OF UNDERLYING PROBLEM
Hep-A route of transmission - ANS ✔✔fecal-oral; third world countries w/ contaminated food/water
Hep-A Risk Factors & best prevention - ANS ✔✔ingestion of contaminated food/water (shellfish), and
close personal contact w/ individual
best prevention is HANDWASHING
Hep-B Route of Transmission - ANS ✔✔blood/body fluids, perinatal, sexual contact, tattoos, shared
needles
Hep-B Plan of Care - ANS ✔✔Don't share needles
Don't share commodes because they can come in contact w/ bodily fluids
, Bed rest because it will improve the condition of the liver by decreasing energy demands
Hep-C Route of Transmission - ANS ✔✔blood and bodily fluids, sharing needles, history of HIV, body
piercing or tattoo w/ infected equipment
Hep-C Prevention - ANS ✔✔Avoid sharing needles, engage in safe sex
Hep-C precaution for nurse - ANS ✔✔standard precautions
Fibromyalgia - ANS ✔✔chronic syndrome of widespread musculoskeletal pain, stiffness, fatigue, sleep
disturbances, and difficulty concentrating
different from other types of chronic pain because of trigger points
Fibromyalgia cause - ANS ✔✔cause is unknown, maintaining a healthy lifestyle best way to decrease risk
Fibromyalgia Risk Factors - ANS ✔✔middle-aged women (20-50), family hx, psychiatric d/o, IBS, RA
Fibromyalgia Manifestations - ANS ✔✔widespread pain and fatigue, pain is localized to 18 tender
points/fibromyalgia spots in neck, spine, shoulders, hips, elbows, knees
Fibromyalgia Dx Tests - ANS ✔✔widespread pain index of 7 or more trigger points, a symptom severity
score of 5 or more, presence of symptoms for at least 3 months
What kind of exercise for fibromyalgia pt - ANS ✔✔Aerobic exercise and strength training are two
primary nonpharm Tx
Ways to reduce pain for fibromyalgia/pain management - ANS ✔✔Pts are usually lacking rest, get at
least 8hrs of sleep; lack of sleep can cause flare ups
Reduce stressors to prevent flare ups
Lyrica is best pain reliever med
Pain and comfort measures for chronic pain
Synthroid (levothyroxine) - ANS ✔✔thyroid hormone of T4 and T3 that is used for the Tx of
hypothyroidism; helps thyroid function normally
(increases metabolism, protein synthesis, cardiac output, renal perfusion, O2, temp, etc.)
Synthroid SE's - ANS ✔✔hyperthyroidism from overmedicating
begin w/ low dose and gradually increase over several weeks, take on empty stomach
report to provider if experiencing: anxiety, tachycardia, palpitations, altered appetite, abdominal cramps,
heat intolerance, fever, diaphoresis, weight loss, menstrual irregularities
