Maternal Child Health Exam 3 Study Hall Notes
Children are unique.
Acutely Ill – short term
Chronically ill- long term
Family: primary caretaker(s) in the family of the child.
Communication techniques
Nurses need to establish rapport and have a good impression
Comm with child & family (both important)
With objects that are familiar
Eye contact
Barriers in environment
Hearing impaired message board, paper, face to face clearly, light, photos, gentle
touch, tools--- can still find a way
Rapport important to build with child
Developmental Stages
Infant to birth 0-12 months (trust vs. mistrust)
o Guarded or not, open to others
Toddlers 1-3: (autonomy vs. shame and doubt)
o Allow to try new things, make mistakes
o Comfort zone- move out of
o Separate from parents starts here
Preschoolers 3-6: (initiative vs. guilt)
o Initiative- more independent, accomplishments show off
o Sense of purpose
School aged 6-12 (industry vs. inferiority)
o Mastering of tasks
o Frustrated easily, need encouragement
Adolescents to adult 12-20 (identity vs. role confusion)
o Recognize self-identify and as a group
o 12-18 a lot of group/change during this time
Nurses recognize these stages, and assist with building up development.
Gaps can hinder development
Early recognition early intervention
Adapt and pay attention
Essential to growth of children: Nutrition & socialization productive adults
Hospitalization fears
Fear of pain/unknown
Fear of bodily harm
Fear of separation
Minimize stress by asking family member stay
Art, simplify explanations
Procedures in different rooms
, Eases respiratory complaints, pain, reduces anxiety, more cooperative, rest better,
more comfortable (easier with family present)
Separation anxiety: peaks with toddlers. Can occur with slow to warm or with difficult
children/school aged. Sheltered, developmental delays.
Nutrition- single MOST important thing in growth/dev.
Babies: milk products
Toddlers: don’t want to eat/focus. Grazers, softer items, physiological anorexia,
drink too much or too little milk prone to anemia
o Education on anemia with Fe supplement- don’t give with milk, change diet,
enhance dietary intake > supplement, stool consistency changes (black and
tar)
Adolescents: need more nutrition, protein, iron, folic acid
Food fads more appropriate intake from schools needed. Talking about being
vegan, fast food, and chicken nuggets, ECT. Usually OKAY.
Dietary deficiencies- fads not okay. Be cautious and alert
Influenced by family, teachers, friends school aged/teens most important to them
Play: social interaction, exercise, learning self-confidence, and communication. Does NOT
change temperament (genetic, with you forever).
Temperament: slow to warm, difficult or easy.
Types of play
o Solidary- infant/toddler (adolescence can here)
o Parallel- toddler/preschool
o Associative- preschool/ school age (adolescence can here)
o Organized- school age/adolescence
o Red flag- spectator (if only thing they participate in).
Cognitive delay or visual impairments, language deficit, hard to
participate
Benefits of play
o Growth/ physiological changes not result of play
o Socialization language, creatively, self-confidence all improve here.
Discipline- educate and safety—all need this
Distraction
Spanking- corporal punishment is not effective
Time outs, grounding
Withholding
Rationalizing hard with young
Yelling gets attention not always effective and promotes negative words
Consistency key-
Restraints- only as last resort. Don’t need during procedure. Long period of time
need order
Consents- legal guardianship can sign. Need signatures
Children are unique.
Acutely Ill – short term
Chronically ill- long term
Family: primary caretaker(s) in the family of the child.
Communication techniques
Nurses need to establish rapport and have a good impression
Comm with child & family (both important)
With objects that are familiar
Eye contact
Barriers in environment
Hearing impaired message board, paper, face to face clearly, light, photos, gentle
touch, tools--- can still find a way
Rapport important to build with child
Developmental Stages
Infant to birth 0-12 months (trust vs. mistrust)
o Guarded or not, open to others
Toddlers 1-3: (autonomy vs. shame and doubt)
o Allow to try new things, make mistakes
o Comfort zone- move out of
o Separate from parents starts here
Preschoolers 3-6: (initiative vs. guilt)
o Initiative- more independent, accomplishments show off
o Sense of purpose
School aged 6-12 (industry vs. inferiority)
o Mastering of tasks
o Frustrated easily, need encouragement
Adolescents to adult 12-20 (identity vs. role confusion)
o Recognize self-identify and as a group
o 12-18 a lot of group/change during this time
Nurses recognize these stages, and assist with building up development.
Gaps can hinder development
Early recognition early intervention
Adapt and pay attention
Essential to growth of children: Nutrition & socialization productive adults
Hospitalization fears
Fear of pain/unknown
Fear of bodily harm
Fear of separation
Minimize stress by asking family member stay
Art, simplify explanations
Procedures in different rooms
, Eases respiratory complaints, pain, reduces anxiety, more cooperative, rest better,
more comfortable (easier with family present)
Separation anxiety: peaks with toddlers. Can occur with slow to warm or with difficult
children/school aged. Sheltered, developmental delays.
Nutrition- single MOST important thing in growth/dev.
Babies: milk products
Toddlers: don’t want to eat/focus. Grazers, softer items, physiological anorexia,
drink too much or too little milk prone to anemia
o Education on anemia with Fe supplement- don’t give with milk, change diet,
enhance dietary intake > supplement, stool consistency changes (black and
tar)
Adolescents: need more nutrition, protein, iron, folic acid
Food fads more appropriate intake from schools needed. Talking about being
vegan, fast food, and chicken nuggets, ECT. Usually OKAY.
Dietary deficiencies- fads not okay. Be cautious and alert
Influenced by family, teachers, friends school aged/teens most important to them
Play: social interaction, exercise, learning self-confidence, and communication. Does NOT
change temperament (genetic, with you forever).
Temperament: slow to warm, difficult or easy.
Types of play
o Solidary- infant/toddler (adolescence can here)
o Parallel- toddler/preschool
o Associative- preschool/ school age (adolescence can here)
o Organized- school age/adolescence
o Red flag- spectator (if only thing they participate in).
Cognitive delay or visual impairments, language deficit, hard to
participate
Benefits of play
o Growth/ physiological changes not result of play
o Socialization language, creatively, self-confidence all improve here.
Discipline- educate and safety—all need this
Distraction
Spanking- corporal punishment is not effective
Time outs, grounding
Withholding
Rationalizing hard with young
Yelling gets attention not always effective and promotes negative words
Consistency key-
Restraints- only as last resort. Don’t need during procedure. Long period of time
need order
Consents- legal guardianship can sign. Need signatures
