NCM 119 EXAM 1 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ Power.
Answer: Right to command
Enables one to accomplish goals
◉ Authority.
Answer: Power to make decisions
◉ Responsibility.
Answer: Obligation to do something
◉ Accountability.
Answer: Nurses are answerable for their actions
◉ Reward
Legitimate
Referent
Informational
Punishment./Coercive
,Expert
Charismatic.
Answer: Sources of Power
◉ Reward.
Answer: When you have the ability to offer a reward
E.g. offering your employees the opportunity to leave early after
completing their task is using the power of reward
◉ Legitimate.
Answer: Your position is recognized that you have the authority;
they recognize that they are obligated to follow your requests
◉ Referent.
Answer: Refers to the ability of a leader to influence a follower
because of the follower's loyalty, respect, friendship, admiration,
affection, or a desire to gain approval.
◉ Informational.
Answer: When a person possesses needed or wanted information, it
puts them in a position of power
◉ Punishment/Coercive.
,Answer: Capacity to compel others' compliance through the use of
force including punishment or threat of punishment.
Uses fear as leverage
◉ Expert.
Answer: A certain person has an elevated level of knowledge or a
specific skill set that others in an organization don't have. This
perception leads to more influence within the expert's place of work.
◉ Charismatic.
Answer: Leader who uses his/her communication skills,
persuasiveness, and charm to influence others.
◉ The Great Man Theory/Trait Theories.
Answer: - based on Aristotelian philosophy: "Some are born to lead
while others are born to be led."
- "Great leaders arise when the situation demands it."
- Claims that some people are born with the necessary attributes
that set them apart from others which are responsible for their
positions of power and authority.
◉ Behavioral Theories.
Answer: -human relations era
-they look into behavior or relational perspectives of people
, ◉ Authoritarian.
Answer: - strong control is maintained over the work group
- communication is downward
- motivated by coercion
- direction with commands
- decision making does not involve others
- emphasis is on difference in status ("I" and "you")
- criticism is punitive/harsh
◉ Democratic.
Answer: - less control is maintained
- economic and ego awards are used to motivate
- directed through suggestions and guidance
- communication flows up and down
- decision making involves others
- emphasis is on "we" rather than I and you
- constructive criticism
- appropriate for an extended period of time working together
- promotes autonomy and creativity is enhanced
◉ Laissez-Faire.
GUIDE 2026
◉ Power.
Answer: Right to command
Enables one to accomplish goals
◉ Authority.
Answer: Power to make decisions
◉ Responsibility.
Answer: Obligation to do something
◉ Accountability.
Answer: Nurses are answerable for their actions
◉ Reward
Legitimate
Referent
Informational
Punishment./Coercive
,Expert
Charismatic.
Answer: Sources of Power
◉ Reward.
Answer: When you have the ability to offer a reward
E.g. offering your employees the opportunity to leave early after
completing their task is using the power of reward
◉ Legitimate.
Answer: Your position is recognized that you have the authority;
they recognize that they are obligated to follow your requests
◉ Referent.
Answer: Refers to the ability of a leader to influence a follower
because of the follower's loyalty, respect, friendship, admiration,
affection, or a desire to gain approval.
◉ Informational.
Answer: When a person possesses needed or wanted information, it
puts them in a position of power
◉ Punishment/Coercive.
,Answer: Capacity to compel others' compliance through the use of
force including punishment or threat of punishment.
Uses fear as leverage
◉ Expert.
Answer: A certain person has an elevated level of knowledge or a
specific skill set that others in an organization don't have. This
perception leads to more influence within the expert's place of work.
◉ Charismatic.
Answer: Leader who uses his/her communication skills,
persuasiveness, and charm to influence others.
◉ The Great Man Theory/Trait Theories.
Answer: - based on Aristotelian philosophy: "Some are born to lead
while others are born to be led."
- "Great leaders arise when the situation demands it."
- Claims that some people are born with the necessary attributes
that set them apart from others which are responsible for their
positions of power and authority.
◉ Behavioral Theories.
Answer: -human relations era
-they look into behavior or relational perspectives of people
, ◉ Authoritarian.
Answer: - strong control is maintained over the work group
- communication is downward
- motivated by coercion
- direction with commands
- decision making does not involve others
- emphasis is on difference in status ("I" and "you")
- criticism is punitive/harsh
◉ Democratic.
Answer: - less control is maintained
- economic and ego awards are used to motivate
- directed through suggestions and guidance
- communication flows up and down
- decision making involves others
- emphasis is on "we" rather than I and you
- constructive criticism
- appropriate for an extended period of time working together
- promotes autonomy and creativity is enhanced
◉ Laissez-Faire.
