QAL CERTIFICATION EVALUATION FULL
QUESTION SET AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
●● Four categories of pest management
Answer: Biological, Chemical, Cultural and Mechanical
●● Delairea odorata (Cape Ivy)
Answer: Perennial vine, spreads rapidly, forms dense mats
●● Pennisetum setaceum (Crimson Fountaingrass)
Answer: Perennial grass, persistant and regrows quickly after burning
●● Tamarix ramosissima (Saltcedar)
Answer: Deep-Rooted perennial, excretes salt, replaces plants preferred
by wildlife
●● Cytisus scoparius
Scotch broom
Answer: Perennial, forms thickets that crowd vegetation. Makes
reforestation difficult. Carries fires to tree canopy. Toxic to cattle and
horses.
,●● Centaurea stoebe
Spotted Knapweed
Answer: Deep-rooted biennial or short-lived perennial. One plant
produces 40,000 seed. Invades opened up sites.
●● Centaurea solstitalis
Yellow star thistle
Answer: Most widespread invasive in CA. Long-lived winter annual,
impedes access, deplete soil moisture, poisonous to horses.
●● Controlling Annuals
Answer: Controlled as seedlings or before they flower and produce
seeds
●● Problems with overfertilization
Answer: Excess growth of succulent foliage, increased irrigation needs
and increased pest populations
●● Benefits of mulch
Answer: Reduce soil compaction and erosion
Improved water penetration to soil
Control weeds my shading and smothering seedlings
Conserves soil moisture, moderates root soil temperatures.
,●● Dermal (Skin) Exposure
Answer: Most frequent type of pesticide exposure
●● Pesticides Enter Groundwater in which ways?
Answer: Indirectly: Leaching out of soil
Directly: Through wells or channels
●● Water soluble pesticides
Answer: Do not bind tightly with soil, therefore are easier to leach into
groundwater
●● Ester Formulations
Answer: More volatile, more likely to move off site when applying
●● Water Saturated soil and drift
Answer: Pesticides will not absorb in saturated soil, they have greater
potential to move off site.
●● Symptoms of phytotoxicity
Answer: Curling, cupping, twisting, yellowing, scorching and dropping
of leaves
, ●● Optimum pH for pesticide solutions
Answer: 6
●● Buffers
Answer: Reduce pH of solution, then maintains it at a set level, even
when additional alkaline substances are added.
●● Acidifiers
Answer: Lower pH of solution, but does not act as a buffer.
●● Translocated (systemic) Pesticides
Answer: Transported via the plants vascular system from contacted parts
to other plant parts. Most effective when weeds are growing
●● Contact Pesticides
Answer: Kill only exposed pest or plants parts. Effective on groups of
bugs, young seedlings and weeds. Useful when you don't want to
damage roots of desirable plants
●● Translaminar Pesticide
Answer: Move short distances into the plant tissue. Can be used to kill
pest within leaves of plants. Will not move systematically through the
plant to unsprayed parts.
QUESTION SET AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
●● Four categories of pest management
Answer: Biological, Chemical, Cultural and Mechanical
●● Delairea odorata (Cape Ivy)
Answer: Perennial vine, spreads rapidly, forms dense mats
●● Pennisetum setaceum (Crimson Fountaingrass)
Answer: Perennial grass, persistant and regrows quickly after burning
●● Tamarix ramosissima (Saltcedar)
Answer: Deep-Rooted perennial, excretes salt, replaces plants preferred
by wildlife
●● Cytisus scoparius
Scotch broom
Answer: Perennial, forms thickets that crowd vegetation. Makes
reforestation difficult. Carries fires to tree canopy. Toxic to cattle and
horses.
,●● Centaurea stoebe
Spotted Knapweed
Answer: Deep-rooted biennial or short-lived perennial. One plant
produces 40,000 seed. Invades opened up sites.
●● Centaurea solstitalis
Yellow star thistle
Answer: Most widespread invasive in CA. Long-lived winter annual,
impedes access, deplete soil moisture, poisonous to horses.
●● Controlling Annuals
Answer: Controlled as seedlings or before they flower and produce
seeds
●● Problems with overfertilization
Answer: Excess growth of succulent foliage, increased irrigation needs
and increased pest populations
●● Benefits of mulch
Answer: Reduce soil compaction and erosion
Improved water penetration to soil
Control weeds my shading and smothering seedlings
Conserves soil moisture, moderates root soil temperatures.
,●● Dermal (Skin) Exposure
Answer: Most frequent type of pesticide exposure
●● Pesticides Enter Groundwater in which ways?
Answer: Indirectly: Leaching out of soil
Directly: Through wells or channels
●● Water soluble pesticides
Answer: Do not bind tightly with soil, therefore are easier to leach into
groundwater
●● Ester Formulations
Answer: More volatile, more likely to move off site when applying
●● Water Saturated soil and drift
Answer: Pesticides will not absorb in saturated soil, they have greater
potential to move off site.
●● Symptoms of phytotoxicity
Answer: Curling, cupping, twisting, yellowing, scorching and dropping
of leaves
, ●● Optimum pH for pesticide solutions
Answer: 6
●● Buffers
Answer: Reduce pH of solution, then maintains it at a set level, even
when additional alkaline substances are added.
●● Acidifiers
Answer: Lower pH of solution, but does not act as a buffer.
●● Translocated (systemic) Pesticides
Answer: Transported via the plants vascular system from contacted parts
to other plant parts. Most effective when weeds are growing
●● Contact Pesticides
Answer: Kill only exposed pest or plants parts. Effective on groups of
bugs, young seedlings and weeds. Useful when you don't want to
damage roots of desirable plants
●● Translaminar Pesticide
Answer: Move short distances into the plant tissue. Can be used to kill
pest within leaves of plants. Will not move systematically through the
plant to unsprayed parts.
