NUR 352 EXAM 4 | COMPREHENSIVE NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
What pharmacologic therapy treats hypothyroidism? - ANS ✔✔Synthetic levothyroxine (Synthroid or
Lithoid), high dose glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone), and concentrated glucose may be given for
hypoglycemia
What happens to thyroid hormone absorption when taking magnesium containing antacids? - ANS
✔✔Thyroid hormone absorption decreases
What happens to blood glucose levels when taking thyroid hormones? - ANS ✔✔Blood glucose levels
increase
What effects does thyroid hormone have on digitalis glycosides, anticoagulant medications, and
indomethacin? - ANS ✔✔Thyroid hormones increase their effect
How does phenytoin and tricyclic antidepressants effect thyroid hormone? - ANS ✔✔The effects of
thyroid hormone are increased
How can you reduce diarrhea from hyperthyroidism? - ANS ✔✔Reduce diarrhea by avoiding highly
seasoned foods and stimulants such as coffee, tea, cola, and alcohol. Encourage high calorie, high
protein foods.
How do you monitor and and manage potential complications in hyperthyroidism? - ANS ✔✔Assess vital
signs, cardiac output, ECG monitoring, ABGs, and pulse oximetry.
Administer oxygen to prevent hypoxia, improve tissue oxygenation, and to meet high metabolic
demands. Give IV fluids to maintain blood glucose levels and replace fluids.
Administer antithyroid medications.
Administer propranolol and digitalis to treat cardiac symptoms.
Monitor for hypothyroidism.
How do you manage Addison's Disease? - ANS ✔✔Treat circulatory shock with fluids and corticosteroids.
Monitor vital signs and place the patient in a recumbent position with legs elevated.
Administer IV hydrocortisone followed by 5% dextrose in normal saline.
Vasopressors may be needed for hypotension.
Antibiotics are needed for an infection.
Requires lifelong replacement of corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids.
Supplement diet with salt during times of GI loss through vomiting or diarrhea.
What are nursing interventions for Cushing's Syndrome? - ANS ✔✔Recommend foods high in protein,
calcium, and vitamin D.
Assess for infections because corticosteroids mask signs of infection and inflammation.
Avoid adhesive tape that can tear and irritate the skin.
Weight gain and edema can be modified with a low-carbohydrate, low sodium diet, and high protein
diet.
, Monitor for Addisonian crisis with hypotension, rapid and weak pulse, rapid respiratory rate, pallor,
extreme weakness, and circulatory collapse and shock.
Administer IV fluids and electrolytes and corticosteroids before, during, and after surgery.
Monitor labs, daily weight, and blood glucose levels.
How do you manage anaphylaxis? - ANS ✔✔CPR is initiated during cardiac arrest.
Supplemental O2 is given in high concentrations during CPR or when the patient is cyanotic, dyspneic, or
wheezing.
Patients with severe reactions need to be observed for 12-14 hours.
What is the pharmacologic therapy for anaphylaxis? - ANS ✔✔Epinephrine, antihistamines, and
corticosteroids are given to prevent recurrences of urticaria and angioedema. IV fluids (normal saline),
volume expanders, and vasopressor agents are given to maintain BP and normal hemodynamic status.
Glucagon may be given. Aminophylline and corticosteroids are given to improve airway patency and
function.
What are the considerations for Humira, Cimzia, Enbrel, Remicade, ad Simponi? - ANS ✔✔These drugs
are TNF blocking agents used in rheumatic diseases. Patients should be tested for tuberculosis before
beginning this medication. Educate patient about increased risk for infection and to withhold meds if
fever occurs and notify the provider. Educate about subQ injection and to monitor for injection site
reactions.
How do you manage gout? - ANS ✔✔Acute attacks are managed with colchicine, NSAIDs such as
indomethacin, or a corticosteroid.
Uric acid lowering therapy like allopurinol and febuxostat should be considered.
Avoid purine rich foods, lose weight, decrease alcohol consumption, and avoid certain medications like
diuretics.
How do you assess for neurovascular status? - ANS ✔✔The 6 P's including pain, poikilothermia, pallor,
pulselessness, paresthesia, and paralysis
How do you treat pain after applying a brace, splint, or cast? - ANS ✔✔Elevation, ice packs, and
analgesics
How is compartment syndrome diagnosed? - ANS ✔✔Clinical assessment of the 6 P's with pain being
the early indicator
How do you manage compartment syndrome? - ANS ✔✔Notify the physician, cast may be removed, and
an emergency fasciotomy may be necessary.
Maintain limb alignment and elevate the extremity no higher than heart level. Splint may be loosened or
removed and the cast univalved or bivalved.
How do you perform the quadriceps setting exercise? - ANS ✔✔Position patient supine with leg
extended.
Instruct patient to push knee back onto the mattress by contracting the anterior thigh muscles.
Encourage patient to hold the position for 5-10 seconds.
Let patient relax.
Have patient repeat the exercise 10 times each hour when awake.
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
What pharmacologic therapy treats hypothyroidism? - ANS ✔✔Synthetic levothyroxine (Synthroid or
Lithoid), high dose glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone), and concentrated glucose may be given for
hypoglycemia
What happens to thyroid hormone absorption when taking magnesium containing antacids? - ANS
✔✔Thyroid hormone absorption decreases
What happens to blood glucose levels when taking thyroid hormones? - ANS ✔✔Blood glucose levels
increase
What effects does thyroid hormone have on digitalis glycosides, anticoagulant medications, and
indomethacin? - ANS ✔✔Thyroid hormones increase their effect
How does phenytoin and tricyclic antidepressants effect thyroid hormone? - ANS ✔✔The effects of
thyroid hormone are increased
How can you reduce diarrhea from hyperthyroidism? - ANS ✔✔Reduce diarrhea by avoiding highly
seasoned foods and stimulants such as coffee, tea, cola, and alcohol. Encourage high calorie, high
protein foods.
How do you monitor and and manage potential complications in hyperthyroidism? - ANS ✔✔Assess vital
signs, cardiac output, ECG monitoring, ABGs, and pulse oximetry.
Administer oxygen to prevent hypoxia, improve tissue oxygenation, and to meet high metabolic
demands. Give IV fluids to maintain blood glucose levels and replace fluids.
Administer antithyroid medications.
Administer propranolol and digitalis to treat cardiac symptoms.
Monitor for hypothyroidism.
How do you manage Addison's Disease? - ANS ✔✔Treat circulatory shock with fluids and corticosteroids.
Monitor vital signs and place the patient in a recumbent position with legs elevated.
Administer IV hydrocortisone followed by 5% dextrose in normal saline.
Vasopressors may be needed for hypotension.
Antibiotics are needed for an infection.
Requires lifelong replacement of corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids.
Supplement diet with salt during times of GI loss through vomiting or diarrhea.
What are nursing interventions for Cushing's Syndrome? - ANS ✔✔Recommend foods high in protein,
calcium, and vitamin D.
Assess for infections because corticosteroids mask signs of infection and inflammation.
Avoid adhesive tape that can tear and irritate the skin.
Weight gain and edema can be modified with a low-carbohydrate, low sodium diet, and high protein
diet.
, Monitor for Addisonian crisis with hypotension, rapid and weak pulse, rapid respiratory rate, pallor,
extreme weakness, and circulatory collapse and shock.
Administer IV fluids and electrolytes and corticosteroids before, during, and after surgery.
Monitor labs, daily weight, and blood glucose levels.
How do you manage anaphylaxis? - ANS ✔✔CPR is initiated during cardiac arrest.
Supplemental O2 is given in high concentrations during CPR or when the patient is cyanotic, dyspneic, or
wheezing.
Patients with severe reactions need to be observed for 12-14 hours.
What is the pharmacologic therapy for anaphylaxis? - ANS ✔✔Epinephrine, antihistamines, and
corticosteroids are given to prevent recurrences of urticaria and angioedema. IV fluids (normal saline),
volume expanders, and vasopressor agents are given to maintain BP and normal hemodynamic status.
Glucagon may be given. Aminophylline and corticosteroids are given to improve airway patency and
function.
What are the considerations for Humira, Cimzia, Enbrel, Remicade, ad Simponi? - ANS ✔✔These drugs
are TNF blocking agents used in rheumatic diseases. Patients should be tested for tuberculosis before
beginning this medication. Educate patient about increased risk for infection and to withhold meds if
fever occurs and notify the provider. Educate about subQ injection and to monitor for injection site
reactions.
How do you manage gout? - ANS ✔✔Acute attacks are managed with colchicine, NSAIDs such as
indomethacin, or a corticosteroid.
Uric acid lowering therapy like allopurinol and febuxostat should be considered.
Avoid purine rich foods, lose weight, decrease alcohol consumption, and avoid certain medications like
diuretics.
How do you assess for neurovascular status? - ANS ✔✔The 6 P's including pain, poikilothermia, pallor,
pulselessness, paresthesia, and paralysis
How do you treat pain after applying a brace, splint, or cast? - ANS ✔✔Elevation, ice packs, and
analgesics
How is compartment syndrome diagnosed? - ANS ✔✔Clinical assessment of the 6 P's with pain being
the early indicator
How do you manage compartment syndrome? - ANS ✔✔Notify the physician, cast may be removed, and
an emergency fasciotomy may be necessary.
Maintain limb alignment and elevate the extremity no higher than heart level. Splint may be loosened or
removed and the cast univalved or bivalved.
How do you perform the quadriceps setting exercise? - ANS ✔✔Position patient supine with leg
extended.
Instruct patient to push knee back onto the mattress by contracting the anterior thigh muscles.
Encourage patient to hold the position for 5-10 seconds.
Let patient relax.
Have patient repeat the exercise 10 times each hour when awake.
