NUR 452 UPDATED TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Health literacy - ✔✔the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain,
process and understand basic health information and services needed to make
appropriate health decisions.
-Health Information is hard to read. Most adults read at an 8th grade level and 20% of
the population read below a 5th grade level. Most health care materials are written at a
10th grade level. Recommending they should be written at a 6th grade level.
-Older adults may have difficulty navigating the complex health care system regardless
of their educational level so there is still a health literacy deficit there
✔✔The newest vital sign - ✔✔patient has to read nutritional info on the back of a pint of
ice cream and answer simple questions about it to determine health literacy.
✔✔National assessment of adult literacy 2003 - ✔✔one out of every five Americans
reads below the fifth grade level, one out of every three lack the literacy needed to
understand health care providers, typically individuals read three-five grade levels below
their last year of school completed
✔✔Plain writing act of 2010 - ✔✔improves the effectiveness and accountability of
federal agencies to the public by promoting clear government communication that the
public can understand and use
✔✔Interventions for helping with health literacy - ✔✔create a respectful, shame free
environment, eliminate jargon, read written instructions aloud, use teach back
technique, use pictures or videos, use a variety of ways to communicate, ask how the
client learns best, color code meds, follow up instructions with phone calls to determine
understanding, underline important words, use a large/bold type, use short words and
sentences
,✔✔Suitability of assessment materials (SAM): - ✔✔rates materials in six areas (content,
literacy demand, graphics, layout and type, learning stimulation and motivation, cultural
appropriateness)
rates them as superior, adequate or not suitable
✔✔1) Content - ✔✔Superior: purpose is explicitly stated in the title, cover illustration
Adequate: purpose is not explicit. It is implied or multiple purposes are stated
Not suitable: no purpose is stated in the title, illustration or introduction
✔✔2) Literacy demand - ✔✔2) Literacy demand
Superior: 5th grade level or lower
Adequate: 6-8th grade
Not suitable: 9th grade or higher
✔✔3) Graphics - ✔✔Superior: the graphic is friendly, attracts attention and clearly
portrays the purpose
Adequate: the cover has one or two of the superior criteria
Not suitable: does not have any criteria
✔✔4) Layout and type - ✔✔At least ¾ are present
-Test is in uppercase and lowercase
-Type size is at least 12 point
-Typographic cues (bold type, color, size of type)
-No all caps or long headlines and running text
✔✔5) Cultural appropriateness - ✔✔Superior: central concepts of the material appear to
be culturally similar to the LLE (logic, language and experience) of the target culture
Adequate: significant match in LLE for 50% of the central concept
Not suitable: clearly a mismatch
✔✔6) Learning stimulation and motivation - ✔✔Superior: problems or questions are
presented for the reader response
Adequate: question and answer format is used to discuss problems
Not suitable: no interactive learning or stimulation
, ✔✔Lack of motivation - ✔✔Use motivational interviewing, what motivates an individual
to do something?
-Health belief model's 6 items: perceived susceptibility (will something happen to me?),
perceived severity (will it be a big problem?), perceived benefits (will it help me?),
perceived barriers (will it be unpleasant or costly?), cue to action (what might motivate
me?), self efficacy (can I really do this?)
✔✔Describe groups as a tool in health education - ✔✔Health education often provided
to groups, health behaviors influenced (+) and (-) by groups we belong to, effective and
powerful to assist with change from individual, families, communities. Formal and
informal groups
✔✔Tuckman stages with tools - ✔✔Forming (team acquaints and establishes ground
rules) storming (brain storming) norming (people feel a part of the team) performing
(start accomplishing) adjourning (after action review)
✔✔Roles played by group members - ✔✔task oriented (initiators, info seekers, opinion
givers, energizers), relations oriented (harmonizers, compromisers, encouragers,
expediters), self-oriented (blockers, recognition seekers, dominators, avoiders)
✔✔Epidemiology - ✔✔Epidemiology: investigates the distribution or patterns of the
health events in populations and the determinants or the factors that influence those
patterns. True detective work
-Descriptive epi (what, who, where and when) *describe
-Analytic epi (how and why) *analyzes
-To guide clinical practice and influence health outcomes
Identifies what is the issue (can be disease, injuries, accidents or wellness), describe
the distribution (who, when, where), look for patterns or the risk for occurrence to
explain why and how a disease occurs
✔✔Rate - ✔✔a statistic used for describing an event, characteristic or happening. Time
important or a proportion. Used to make comparisons among populations or to compare
a subgroup of the population with the total population
-Crude rate: the total population
-Specific rate: subgroup of the population
✔✔Rate formula: - ✔✔number of events/population at risk x 100,000
✔✔Morbidity vs mortality - ✔✔Morbidity: the illness rates/usually expressed as
incidence or prevalence
Mortality: death
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Health literacy - ✔✔the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain,
process and understand basic health information and services needed to make
appropriate health decisions.
-Health Information is hard to read. Most adults read at an 8th grade level and 20% of
the population read below a 5th grade level. Most health care materials are written at a
10th grade level. Recommending they should be written at a 6th grade level.
-Older adults may have difficulty navigating the complex health care system regardless
of their educational level so there is still a health literacy deficit there
✔✔The newest vital sign - ✔✔patient has to read nutritional info on the back of a pint of
ice cream and answer simple questions about it to determine health literacy.
✔✔National assessment of adult literacy 2003 - ✔✔one out of every five Americans
reads below the fifth grade level, one out of every three lack the literacy needed to
understand health care providers, typically individuals read three-five grade levels below
their last year of school completed
✔✔Plain writing act of 2010 - ✔✔improves the effectiveness and accountability of
federal agencies to the public by promoting clear government communication that the
public can understand and use
✔✔Interventions for helping with health literacy - ✔✔create a respectful, shame free
environment, eliminate jargon, read written instructions aloud, use teach back
technique, use pictures or videos, use a variety of ways to communicate, ask how the
client learns best, color code meds, follow up instructions with phone calls to determine
understanding, underline important words, use a large/bold type, use short words and
sentences
,✔✔Suitability of assessment materials (SAM): - ✔✔rates materials in six areas (content,
literacy demand, graphics, layout and type, learning stimulation and motivation, cultural
appropriateness)
rates them as superior, adequate or not suitable
✔✔1) Content - ✔✔Superior: purpose is explicitly stated in the title, cover illustration
Adequate: purpose is not explicit. It is implied or multiple purposes are stated
Not suitable: no purpose is stated in the title, illustration or introduction
✔✔2) Literacy demand - ✔✔2) Literacy demand
Superior: 5th grade level or lower
Adequate: 6-8th grade
Not suitable: 9th grade or higher
✔✔3) Graphics - ✔✔Superior: the graphic is friendly, attracts attention and clearly
portrays the purpose
Adequate: the cover has one or two of the superior criteria
Not suitable: does not have any criteria
✔✔4) Layout and type - ✔✔At least ¾ are present
-Test is in uppercase and lowercase
-Type size is at least 12 point
-Typographic cues (bold type, color, size of type)
-No all caps or long headlines and running text
✔✔5) Cultural appropriateness - ✔✔Superior: central concepts of the material appear to
be culturally similar to the LLE (logic, language and experience) of the target culture
Adequate: significant match in LLE for 50% of the central concept
Not suitable: clearly a mismatch
✔✔6) Learning stimulation and motivation - ✔✔Superior: problems or questions are
presented for the reader response
Adequate: question and answer format is used to discuss problems
Not suitable: no interactive learning or stimulation
, ✔✔Lack of motivation - ✔✔Use motivational interviewing, what motivates an individual
to do something?
-Health belief model's 6 items: perceived susceptibility (will something happen to me?),
perceived severity (will it be a big problem?), perceived benefits (will it help me?),
perceived barriers (will it be unpleasant or costly?), cue to action (what might motivate
me?), self efficacy (can I really do this?)
✔✔Describe groups as a tool in health education - ✔✔Health education often provided
to groups, health behaviors influenced (+) and (-) by groups we belong to, effective and
powerful to assist with change from individual, families, communities. Formal and
informal groups
✔✔Tuckman stages with tools - ✔✔Forming (team acquaints and establishes ground
rules) storming (brain storming) norming (people feel a part of the team) performing
(start accomplishing) adjourning (after action review)
✔✔Roles played by group members - ✔✔task oriented (initiators, info seekers, opinion
givers, energizers), relations oriented (harmonizers, compromisers, encouragers,
expediters), self-oriented (blockers, recognition seekers, dominators, avoiders)
✔✔Epidemiology - ✔✔Epidemiology: investigates the distribution or patterns of the
health events in populations and the determinants or the factors that influence those
patterns. True detective work
-Descriptive epi (what, who, where and when) *describe
-Analytic epi (how and why) *analyzes
-To guide clinical practice and influence health outcomes
Identifies what is the issue (can be disease, injuries, accidents or wellness), describe
the distribution (who, when, where), look for patterns or the risk for occurrence to
explain why and how a disease occurs
✔✔Rate - ✔✔a statistic used for describing an event, characteristic or happening. Time
important or a proportion. Used to make comparisons among populations or to compare
a subgroup of the population with the total population
-Crude rate: the total population
-Specific rate: subgroup of the population
✔✔Rate formula: - ✔✔number of events/population at risk x 100,000
✔✔Morbidity vs mortality - ✔✔Morbidity: the illness rates/usually expressed as
incidence or prevalence
Mortality: death
