BIO 251 Exam 1 || 100% Detailed Answers.
Define microbiology correct answers The study of microorganisms, how they work, interact with
the environment, and interact with us.
Bacteria, the largest and most important group of microorganisms.
List two emerging infections correct answers Tuberculosis
Hantavirus- mutation
Ebola
E. coli- in gut
Describe the impact of infectious disease on human deaths before the 1900, currently worldwide
and compared to the deaths from wars and natural disasters. correct answers Before the 1900
50% of all children died of infectious disease before reaching the age of 10.
Currently about 1/3 of deaths worldwide are due to infectious diseases.
Deaths from wars: 150 million have died of AIDS, TB and malaria alone since 1945 compared
with 23 million lost to wars
Natural disasters: 160 times more people have died from AIDS, malaria respiratory and diarrhea
diseases than in all natural disasters combined.
List the 6 groups of microorganisms correct answers -Fungi
-Protozoa
-Algae
-Prokaryotes
-Helminths
, -Virus
Fungi composed of correct answers Molds- multicellular, reproduced by sexual and asexual
spores
Yeasts- unicellular, reproduced asexually by budding, some produce sexual spores
List at least one disease caused by each type of microorganism
-Protozoa, helmiths, fungi, algae, prokaryotes, viruses correct answers *Fungi* - yeast infection
(Candidiasis), cryptococcosis, pneumocystis pneumonia
*Protozoa* - plasmodium (some can cause malaria-non-motile)
*Algae* - cholera (shellfish poisoning)
*Prokaryotes* - Tuberculosis
*Helminths* (worms) - tape worms
*Virus* - AIDS, influenze, West Nile, SARS
List different characteristics of each group of microorganisms correct answers Fungi- Eukaryotic
(have membane-bound nucleus). Obtain their food from other organisms.
Protozoa- single celled eukaryotes, most reproduce asexually some produce sexually, classified
by mechanism of motility.
Algae- Unicellular or multicellular. Photosynthetic. Simple reproductive structures. Non-
pathogenic except for their role in red tides and shellfish poisoning (ppl eating fish that eat
algae). Make worlds most oxygen as part of photosynthesis.
Prokaryotes- Unicellular and no nucleus. Much smaller than eukaryotes. Found everywhere there
is sufficent moisture; some found in extreme environments (archea). Reproduces asexually.
two kinds:
Bacteria- cell walls contain peptidoglycan, some lack cell walls, most do not cause disease and
some are beneficial.
Define microbiology correct answers The study of microorganisms, how they work, interact with
the environment, and interact with us.
Bacteria, the largest and most important group of microorganisms.
List two emerging infections correct answers Tuberculosis
Hantavirus- mutation
Ebola
E. coli- in gut
Describe the impact of infectious disease on human deaths before the 1900, currently worldwide
and compared to the deaths from wars and natural disasters. correct answers Before the 1900
50% of all children died of infectious disease before reaching the age of 10.
Currently about 1/3 of deaths worldwide are due to infectious diseases.
Deaths from wars: 150 million have died of AIDS, TB and malaria alone since 1945 compared
with 23 million lost to wars
Natural disasters: 160 times more people have died from AIDS, malaria respiratory and diarrhea
diseases than in all natural disasters combined.
List the 6 groups of microorganisms correct answers -Fungi
-Protozoa
-Algae
-Prokaryotes
-Helminths
, -Virus
Fungi composed of correct answers Molds- multicellular, reproduced by sexual and asexual
spores
Yeasts- unicellular, reproduced asexually by budding, some produce sexual spores
List at least one disease caused by each type of microorganism
-Protozoa, helmiths, fungi, algae, prokaryotes, viruses correct answers *Fungi* - yeast infection
(Candidiasis), cryptococcosis, pneumocystis pneumonia
*Protozoa* - plasmodium (some can cause malaria-non-motile)
*Algae* - cholera (shellfish poisoning)
*Prokaryotes* - Tuberculosis
*Helminths* (worms) - tape worms
*Virus* - AIDS, influenze, West Nile, SARS
List different characteristics of each group of microorganisms correct answers Fungi- Eukaryotic
(have membane-bound nucleus). Obtain their food from other organisms.
Protozoa- single celled eukaryotes, most reproduce asexually some produce sexually, classified
by mechanism of motility.
Algae- Unicellular or multicellular. Photosynthetic. Simple reproductive structures. Non-
pathogenic except for their role in red tides and shellfish poisoning (ppl eating fish that eat
algae). Make worlds most oxygen as part of photosynthesis.
Prokaryotes- Unicellular and no nucleus. Much smaller than eukaryotes. Found everywhere there
is sufficent moisture; some found in extreme environments (archea). Reproduces asexually.
two kinds:
Bacteria- cell walls contain peptidoglycan, some lack cell walls, most do not cause disease and
some are beneficial.
