ATI RN PEDIATRICS PROCTOR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for an infant who has tetralogy of Fallot and is experiencing a
hypercyanotic (‘tet’) spell. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
B. Administer 100% oxygen via face mask.
C. Administer morphine sulfate intravenously.
D. Prepare the infant for immediate cardiac catheterization.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which helps reduce the right-to-left shunt and improves oxygenation during a tet spell.
2. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following findings is a
medical emergency?
A. Barking cough and low-grade fever.
B. Dry, hacking cough that is worse at night.
C. Drooling, agitation, and absence of cough.
,D. Wheezing and intercostal retractions.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The ‘three Ds’ of epiglottitis are drooling, dysphagia, and
distress (agitation). Absence of cough is characteristic, and it is a medical emergency
requiring immediate airway management.
3. A nurse is planning care for a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following
interventions should be included in the plan of care?
A. Administer fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K).
B. Limit physical activity to prevent fatigue.
C. Administer pancreatic enzymes 2 hours after meals.
D. Provide a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Children with cystic fibrosis have malabsorption issues due to
pancreatic insufficiency and require supplementation of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and
K).
4. A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with Wilms’ tumor. Which of the following actions
should the nurse avoid?
A. Monitoring blood pressure.
B. Palpating the abdomen.
, C. Measuring abdominal circumference.
D. Providing a diet high in protein.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Wilms’ tumor (nephroblastoma) is an encapsulated tumor.
Palpating the abdomen can cause the capsule to rupture and spread cancer cells
throughout the abdomen.
5. A nurse is caring for a school-age child with acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hypotension and polyuria.
B. Periorbital edema and hematuria.
C. Generalized edema and decreased serum creatinine.
D. Severe weight loss and increased appetite.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by hematuria (often
tea-colored or smoky urine), periorbital edema, and hypertension.
6. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child who has a new diagnosis of
Celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the parents to avoid?
A. Rice and corn.
B. Buckwheat and quinoa.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for an infant who has tetralogy of Fallot and is experiencing a
hypercyanotic (‘tet’) spell. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
B. Administer 100% oxygen via face mask.
C. Administer morphine sulfate intravenously.
D. Prepare the infant for immediate cardiac catheterization.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance,
which helps reduce the right-to-left shunt and improves oxygenation during a tet spell.
2. A nurse is assessing a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following findings is a
medical emergency?
A. Barking cough and low-grade fever.
B. Dry, hacking cough that is worse at night.
C. Drooling, agitation, and absence of cough.
,D. Wheezing and intercostal retractions.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: The ‘three Ds’ of epiglottitis are drooling, dysphagia, and
distress (agitation). Absence of cough is characteristic, and it is a medical emergency
requiring immediate airway management.
3. A nurse is planning care for a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following
interventions should be included in the plan of care?
A. Administer fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K).
B. Limit physical activity to prevent fatigue.
C. Administer pancreatic enzymes 2 hours after meals.
D. Provide a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Children with cystic fibrosis have malabsorption issues due to
pancreatic insufficiency and require supplementation of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and
K).
4. A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with Wilms’ tumor. Which of the following actions
should the nurse avoid?
A. Monitoring blood pressure.
B. Palpating the abdomen.
, C. Measuring abdominal circumference.
D. Providing a diet high in protein.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Wilms’ tumor (nephroblastoma) is an encapsulated tumor.
Palpating the abdomen can cause the capsule to rupture and spread cancer cells
throughout the abdomen.
5. A nurse is caring for a school-age child with acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hypotension and polyuria.
B. Periorbital edema and hematuria.
C. Generalized edema and decreased serum creatinine.
D. Severe weight loss and increased appetite.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by hematuria (often
tea-colored or smoky urine), periorbital edema, and hypertension.
6. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child who has a new diagnosis of
Celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the parents to avoid?
A. Rice and corn.
B. Buckwheat and quinoa.
