NSG 6020 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Pectus carinatum - ✔✔at birth
-post CABG
mid childhood and 11-14 year old pubertal males undergoing a growth spurt
-convex deformity
-97% have MVP
✔✔Barrel Chest - ✔✔associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as
diaphragmatic flattening
✔✔Tactile fremitus - ✔✔palpable vibrations of the bronchiopulmonary tree as the
patient is speaking (99 or 1-2-3)
-impeded in COPD, pulm effusion or pneumothorax
-increased in consolidation and PNA
✔✔percussion:
flatness - ✔✔(thigh)
Large Pleural effusion
✔✔Percussion- dullness - ✔✔(liver)
Lobar PNA
✔✔Percussion: resonance - ✔✔(Lung)
simple chronic bronchitis
✔✔Percussion: hyperresonance - ✔✔None
-emphysema, pneumothorax
✔✔Percussion: tympany - ✔✔(gastric bubble)
, -large pneumothorax
✔✔Auscultation: vesicular - ✔✔soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of both
lungs
✔✔Auscultation: bronchial - ✔✔louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the
manubrium
✔✔Auscultation: bronchovesicular - ✔✔intermediate intensity and pitch; usually heard
over the 1st and 2nd interspaces
✔✔Auscultation: tracheal - ✔✔over the trachea and neck, very loud
✔✔Rhonchi - ✔✔low-pitched snore-like sounds, often characterized by secretions w/in
the large airways
-sometimes cleared with a cough
✔✔Wheezes - ✔✔continuous, high-pitched, musical, sounds that are produced by air
flowing through narrowed bronchi
-predominately expiratory
✔✔stridor - ✔✔loud, rough, continuous, high-pitched sound that is pronounced during
inspiration
-indicates proximal airway obstruction
✔✔absent/attenuated sounds - ✔✔NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal
consolidation
✔✔Crackles - ✔✔intermittent, nonmusical, very brief, more pronounced during
inspiration
-fine or course
fine (softer, higher in pitch)
course (louder, lower in pitch)
✔✔Bronchophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
✔✔Egophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "ee"
-you should hear a muffled long ee sound
-"ee" sounds like "ay" it is positive and called egophony
-present over consolidation
✔✔whispered pectoriloquy - ✔✔ask pt to say "99 or 1-2-3"
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Pectus carinatum - ✔✔at birth
-post CABG
mid childhood and 11-14 year old pubertal males undergoing a growth spurt
-convex deformity
-97% have MVP
✔✔Barrel Chest - ✔✔associated with emphysema and lung hyperinflation
-accompanying x-ray demonstrates increased ant-post diameter as well as
diaphragmatic flattening
✔✔Tactile fremitus - ✔✔palpable vibrations of the bronchiopulmonary tree as the
patient is speaking (99 or 1-2-3)
-impeded in COPD, pulm effusion or pneumothorax
-increased in consolidation and PNA
✔✔percussion:
flatness - ✔✔(thigh)
Large Pleural effusion
✔✔Percussion- dullness - ✔✔(liver)
Lobar PNA
✔✔Percussion: resonance - ✔✔(Lung)
simple chronic bronchitis
✔✔Percussion: hyperresonance - ✔✔None
-emphysema, pneumothorax
✔✔Percussion: tympany - ✔✔(gastric bubble)
, -large pneumothorax
✔✔Auscultation: vesicular - ✔✔soft and low pitched; usually heard over most of both
lungs
✔✔Auscultation: bronchial - ✔✔louder and higher in pitch; usually heard over the
manubrium
✔✔Auscultation: bronchovesicular - ✔✔intermediate intensity and pitch; usually heard
over the 1st and 2nd interspaces
✔✔Auscultation: tracheal - ✔✔over the trachea and neck, very loud
✔✔Rhonchi - ✔✔low-pitched snore-like sounds, often characterized by secretions w/in
the large airways
-sometimes cleared with a cough
✔✔Wheezes - ✔✔continuous, high-pitched, musical, sounds that are produced by air
flowing through narrowed bronchi
-predominately expiratory
✔✔stridor - ✔✔loud, rough, continuous, high-pitched sound that is pronounced during
inspiration
-indicates proximal airway obstruction
✔✔absent/attenuated sounds - ✔✔NO airflow to the region being auscultated
-can occur in a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, or parenchymal
consolidation
✔✔Crackles - ✔✔intermittent, nonmusical, very brief, more pronounced during
inspiration
-fine or course
fine (softer, higher in pitch)
course (louder, lower in pitch)
✔✔Bronchophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "99"
-should be muffled and indistinct
-CLEAR sounds are called bronchophony
✔✔Egophony - ✔✔ask pt to say "ee"
-you should hear a muffled long ee sound
-"ee" sounds like "ay" it is positive and called egophony
-present over consolidation
✔✔whispered pectoriloquy - ✔✔ask pt to say "99 or 1-2-3"
