NR 293 PHARM EXAM 1 CHAMBERLAIN | COMPREHENSIVE PHARMACOLOGY
STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Risks for injury - correct answer ✔✔know that anything can be a possible risk for patient injury
9 rights of medicine administration - correct answer ✔✔right patient, right dose, right medication, right
time, right documentation, right route, right reason, right response
what is a prototype - correct answer ✔✔the first drug of a class that all others are based from (ex-
morphine)
what is pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔what the body does to the drug
what is pharmacodynamics - correct answer ✔✔what the drug does to the body
bioavailability - correct answer ✔✔what portion of the drug that entered the circulation can have an
effect on the body
first pass effect - correct answer ✔✔a drug enters the GI tract and is filtered to the liver where some is
destroyed
what enzymes work in the liver - correct answer ✔✔P-450 enzymes
if a patient has cirrhosis of the liver, what will happen when they take a medication? - correct answer
✔✔When the medication passes through the liver for the first pass, there will be less P-450 enzymes so
the bioavailability of the medication will be higher and it will circulate in the bloodstream longer.
half life - correct answer ✔✔time required for 50% of the drug to be removed from the body
Pharmacotherapeutics - correct answer ✔✔treatment of conditions
enteral route - correct answer ✔✔through the GI tract
parenteral tract - correct answer ✔✔outside the GI tract
how is medication absorption different for neonates and children? - correct answer ✔✔they have less
gastric acid to break down medications and availability is higher
why do more drugs enter neonate and children's brains, why are meds not as easily excreted/destroyed
by liver and kidneys ? - correct answer ✔✔immature BBB, liver, and kidneys
Polypharmacy - correct answer ✔✔The use of multiple medications on a regular basis
during which phase of the nursing process does a nurse prioritize the nursing diagnoses? - correct
answer ✔✔planning
, the nurse recognizes that drugs given by which route will be altered by the first pass effect?
a. oral
b. sublingual
c. subcutaneous
d. IV
e. rectal - correct answer ✔✔oral and rectal
the nurse is reviewing a list of a patient's medications and notes one of the drugs has a low therapeutic
index. what does this mean? - correct answer ✔✔the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic
dose are very close together
when drug A is an enzyme inhibitor of drug B, the nurse will anticipate what result of drug B? - correct
answer ✔✔level of drug B could rise to toxicity
A drug is highly protein bound, what does this mean? - correct answer ✔✔it will have a longer duration
of action
do no harm is what ethical principle? - correct answer ✔✔nonmaleficence
Which legal act required drug manufacturers to establish the safety and efficacy of a new drug before its
approval for use? - correct answer ✔✔Kefauver-Harris, amendment of 1962
over the counter drugs (otc) are - correct answer ✔✔nonprescription drugs that are used for short term
treatment
what herbal supplement is used to promote sleep and relaxation, prolonged use can cause yellow
discoloration of nails, risk for liver toxicity - correct answer ✔✔kava
herbal supplement used to decrease nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy - correct answer
✔✔ginkgo
which drug classes are used as OTC remedies ?
a. NSAIDs
b. cold remedies
c. antibiotics
d.smoking deterrent drugs
e. antihypertensive drugs
f. histamine 2 (H2) blockers - correct answer ✔✔A, B,D,F
what are side effects of NSAIDs? - correct answer ✔✔stroke, MI, GI ulcers, kidney dysfunction
what do antibiotics do? - correct answer ✔✔fight off infection caused by bacteria
Bacteriostatic - correct answer ✔✔doesn't kill bacteria, it inhibits growth
bactericidal - correct answer ✔✔kills bacteria
STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
Risks for injury - correct answer ✔✔know that anything can be a possible risk for patient injury
9 rights of medicine administration - correct answer ✔✔right patient, right dose, right medication, right
time, right documentation, right route, right reason, right response
what is a prototype - correct answer ✔✔the first drug of a class that all others are based from (ex-
morphine)
what is pharmacokinetics - correct answer ✔✔what the body does to the drug
what is pharmacodynamics - correct answer ✔✔what the drug does to the body
bioavailability - correct answer ✔✔what portion of the drug that entered the circulation can have an
effect on the body
first pass effect - correct answer ✔✔a drug enters the GI tract and is filtered to the liver where some is
destroyed
what enzymes work in the liver - correct answer ✔✔P-450 enzymes
if a patient has cirrhosis of the liver, what will happen when they take a medication? - correct answer
✔✔When the medication passes through the liver for the first pass, there will be less P-450 enzymes so
the bioavailability of the medication will be higher and it will circulate in the bloodstream longer.
half life - correct answer ✔✔time required for 50% of the drug to be removed from the body
Pharmacotherapeutics - correct answer ✔✔treatment of conditions
enteral route - correct answer ✔✔through the GI tract
parenteral tract - correct answer ✔✔outside the GI tract
how is medication absorption different for neonates and children? - correct answer ✔✔they have less
gastric acid to break down medications and availability is higher
why do more drugs enter neonate and children's brains, why are meds not as easily excreted/destroyed
by liver and kidneys ? - correct answer ✔✔immature BBB, liver, and kidneys
Polypharmacy - correct answer ✔✔The use of multiple medications on a regular basis
during which phase of the nursing process does a nurse prioritize the nursing diagnoses? - correct
answer ✔✔planning
, the nurse recognizes that drugs given by which route will be altered by the first pass effect?
a. oral
b. sublingual
c. subcutaneous
d. IV
e. rectal - correct answer ✔✔oral and rectal
the nurse is reviewing a list of a patient's medications and notes one of the drugs has a low therapeutic
index. what does this mean? - correct answer ✔✔the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic
dose are very close together
when drug A is an enzyme inhibitor of drug B, the nurse will anticipate what result of drug B? - correct
answer ✔✔level of drug B could rise to toxicity
A drug is highly protein bound, what does this mean? - correct answer ✔✔it will have a longer duration
of action
do no harm is what ethical principle? - correct answer ✔✔nonmaleficence
Which legal act required drug manufacturers to establish the safety and efficacy of a new drug before its
approval for use? - correct answer ✔✔Kefauver-Harris, amendment of 1962
over the counter drugs (otc) are - correct answer ✔✔nonprescription drugs that are used for short term
treatment
what herbal supplement is used to promote sleep and relaxation, prolonged use can cause yellow
discoloration of nails, risk for liver toxicity - correct answer ✔✔kava
herbal supplement used to decrease nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy - correct answer
✔✔ginkgo
which drug classes are used as OTC remedies ?
a. NSAIDs
b. cold remedies
c. antibiotics
d.smoking deterrent drugs
e. antihypertensive drugs
f. histamine 2 (H2) blockers - correct answer ✔✔A, B,D,F
what are side effects of NSAIDs? - correct answer ✔✔stroke, MI, GI ulcers, kidney dysfunction
what do antibiotics do? - correct answer ✔✔fight off infection caused by bacteria
Bacteriostatic - correct answer ✔✔doesn't kill bacteria, it inhibits growth
bactericidal - correct answer ✔✔kills bacteria
