Chapter 4 - Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology Study Guide
Pharma reps need a solid understanding of 3 things 1.) Anatomy
2.) Physiology
3.) Clinical pharmacology
Anatomy the study of the basic structures of the body
Physiology the study of how those body structures function
Clinical Pharmacology study of the effects and movement of drugs in the human body
How many prescriptions dispensed each year in the US? more than 3 billion
the ____ recorded the earliest surviving prescriptions Babylonians
Pen Tsao (Great Herbal)
-recorded by the chinese and it was a 40 volume compendium of plant remedies
dating to 2700BC
Ebers Papyrus Egyptian archived remedies dating back to 1500BC
Fredrich Serturner first isolated morphine in 1805 and injected it into himself and 3 friends in a huge
dose
John Jacob Abel father of American pharmacology
University of Michigan in 1890
Basic clinical pharmacology involves three main 1.) Pharmacodynamics
concepts 2.) Pharmacokinetics
3.) drug distribution and elimination
Pharmacodynamics study of biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of
action
ie: study of what drugs do to the body
Pharmacokinetics Study of how a drug is processed by the body, with emphasis on the time
required for absorption, duration of action, distribution, and method of excretion
ie: study of how the body effects drugs
Drug (defined by US law) and substance (other than food or device intended for use in the diagnosis, cure,
relief, treatment, or prevention of disease) intended to affect the structure or
function of the body.
simple definition: any chemical substance that affects the body and its processes
Drugs divided into 2 categories prescription and non-prescription drugs
, Chapter 4 - Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology Study Guide
Every drug has at least 3 names: 1.) chemical name
2.) a generic (nonproprietary or official) name
3.) trade (proprietary or brand) name
Chemical name describes atomic or molecular structure of the drug
Generic name all have the same ending
ex: all beta blockers (high blood pressure drugs) end in -olol
Trade name chosen by the pharmaceutical company
Pharma sales reps responsibilities include knowledge -why your drug should be ordered
and understanding of the following: -name (generic and trade) and drug classification
-intended or proposed use of your drugs
-effects on the body of your pharmacology product
-contraindictions
-special considerations (how age, weight, body fat distribution, and individually
pathophysiological stated affect pharmacotherapeutic response)
-potential side effects
-why the medication has been prescribed for a particular patient
-how the medication is to be administered, including dosage ranges
Major goal of pharmacology limit number and severity of adverse drug events
Allergic reaction acquired hyperresponse of body defenses to a foreign substance (allergen)
MAR Medication Administration Record
Anaphalaxis severe type of allergic reaction that involveds the massive, systematic release of
histamine and other chemical mediators of inflammation that can lead to life
threatening shock
AE Adverse events - usually due to undesirable reactions of drug therapy
-generally described in terms of intensity (mild, moderate, severe)
-may also be described as expected or unexpected
FFDCA Federal food, drug, and cosmetic act
Therapeutics branch of medicine concerned with the prevention of disease and treatment from
suffering
Therapeutics categories (3) -drugs or medications
-biologics
-complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies
Biologics agents naturally produced in animal cells, by microorganisms, or by the body
itself.
ex: hormones, monoclonal antibodies, natural blood products and components,
interferons, and vaccines
Pharma reps need a solid understanding of 3 things 1.) Anatomy
2.) Physiology
3.) Clinical pharmacology
Anatomy the study of the basic structures of the body
Physiology the study of how those body structures function
Clinical Pharmacology study of the effects and movement of drugs in the human body
How many prescriptions dispensed each year in the US? more than 3 billion
the ____ recorded the earliest surviving prescriptions Babylonians
Pen Tsao (Great Herbal)
-recorded by the chinese and it was a 40 volume compendium of plant remedies
dating to 2700BC
Ebers Papyrus Egyptian archived remedies dating back to 1500BC
Fredrich Serturner first isolated morphine in 1805 and injected it into himself and 3 friends in a huge
dose
John Jacob Abel father of American pharmacology
University of Michigan in 1890
Basic clinical pharmacology involves three main 1.) Pharmacodynamics
concepts 2.) Pharmacokinetics
3.) drug distribution and elimination
Pharmacodynamics study of biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of
action
ie: study of what drugs do to the body
Pharmacokinetics Study of how a drug is processed by the body, with emphasis on the time
required for absorption, duration of action, distribution, and method of excretion
ie: study of how the body effects drugs
Drug (defined by US law) and substance (other than food or device intended for use in the diagnosis, cure,
relief, treatment, or prevention of disease) intended to affect the structure or
function of the body.
simple definition: any chemical substance that affects the body and its processes
Drugs divided into 2 categories prescription and non-prescription drugs
, Chapter 4 - Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology Study Guide
Every drug has at least 3 names: 1.) chemical name
2.) a generic (nonproprietary or official) name
3.) trade (proprietary or brand) name
Chemical name describes atomic or molecular structure of the drug
Generic name all have the same ending
ex: all beta blockers (high blood pressure drugs) end in -olol
Trade name chosen by the pharmaceutical company
Pharma sales reps responsibilities include knowledge -why your drug should be ordered
and understanding of the following: -name (generic and trade) and drug classification
-intended or proposed use of your drugs
-effects on the body of your pharmacology product
-contraindictions
-special considerations (how age, weight, body fat distribution, and individually
pathophysiological stated affect pharmacotherapeutic response)
-potential side effects
-why the medication has been prescribed for a particular patient
-how the medication is to be administered, including dosage ranges
Major goal of pharmacology limit number and severity of adverse drug events
Allergic reaction acquired hyperresponse of body defenses to a foreign substance (allergen)
MAR Medication Administration Record
Anaphalaxis severe type of allergic reaction that involveds the massive, systematic release of
histamine and other chemical mediators of inflammation that can lead to life
threatening shock
AE Adverse events - usually due to undesirable reactions of drug therapy
-generally described in terms of intensity (mild, moderate, severe)
-may also be described as expected or unexpected
FFDCA Federal food, drug, and cosmetic act
Therapeutics branch of medicine concerned with the prevention of disease and treatment from
suffering
Therapeutics categories (3) -drugs or medications
-biologics
-complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies
Biologics agents naturally produced in animal cells, by microorganisms, or by the body
itself.
ex: hormones, monoclonal antibodies, natural blood products and components,
interferons, and vaccines
