NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology (2026) UP… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology
(2026) UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology (2026) UP… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A patient taking Lisinopril for hypertension develops a persistent, dry cough. Which
mechanism is responsible for this side effect?
A. Inhibition of renin release
B. Blockade of angiotensin II receptors
C. Direct irritation of bronchial mucosa
D. Accumulation of bradykinin
Answer: D
Rationale: ACE inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin, leading to its accumulation in the lungs, which
can trigger a dry cough. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related
distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports
safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
2. When monitoring a patient on Warfarin therapy, which laboratory value is the primary
indicator for dosage adjustment?
A. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Platelet count
D. Bleeding time
Answer: B
Rationale: INR is the standard laboratory test used to monitor the effectiveness and safety of Warfarin therapy.
Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear
rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based
practice and improves patient outcomes.
3. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes is scheduled for an imaging study with IV contrast. Which
medication should be withheld for 48 hours after the procedure?
A. Glipizide
B. Pioglitazone
C. Metformin
D. Sitagliptin
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin must be held to prevent the risk of lactic acidosis if contrast-induced renal failure occurs.
Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate
patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related
distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology (2026) UP… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. Which of the following is a significant side effect associated with the use of Spironolactone?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can lead to elevated serum potassium levels.
This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (C) requires understanding both the
pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize
care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
5. A patient is prescribed Atorvastatin. What is the most important laboratory test to monitor
periodically?
A. Serum creatinine
B. Prothrombin time (PT)
C. Complete blood count (CBC)
D. Liver function tests (LFTs)
Answer: D
Rationale: Statins can cause hepatotoxicity, making periodic monitoring of liver enzymes essential.
Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate
patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related
distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
6. A patient with heart failure is prescribed Digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance increases the
risk of Digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypomagnesemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Low potassium levels increase the binding of Digoxin to the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, increasing the
risk of toxicity. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves
patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (A) requires
understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology
(2026) UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology (2026) UP… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A patient taking Lisinopril for hypertension develops a persistent, dry cough. Which
mechanism is responsible for this side effect?
A. Inhibition of renin release
B. Blockade of angiotensin II receptors
C. Direct irritation of bronchial mucosa
D. Accumulation of bradykinin
Answer: D
Rationale: ACE inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin, leading to its accumulation in the lungs, which
can trigger a dry cough. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related
distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports
safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
2. When monitoring a patient on Warfarin therapy, which laboratory value is the primary
indicator for dosage adjustment?
A. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Platelet count
D. Bleeding time
Answer: B
Rationale: INR is the standard laboratory test used to monitor the effectiveness and safety of Warfarin therapy.
Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear
rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based
practice and improves patient outcomes.
3. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes is scheduled for an imaging study with IV contrast. Which
medication should be withheld for 48 hours after the procedure?
A. Glipizide
B. Pioglitazone
C. Metformin
D. Sitagliptin
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin must be held to prevent the risk of lactic acidosis if contrast-induced renal failure occurs.
Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate
patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related
distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 533 Exam 3 – Wilkes Advanced Pharmacology (2026) UP… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. Which of the following is a significant side effect associated with the use of Spironolactone?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypernatremia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can lead to elevated serum potassium levels.
This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (C) requires understanding both the
pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize
care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
5. A patient is prescribed Atorvastatin. What is the most important laboratory test to monitor
periodically?
A. Serum creatinine
B. Prothrombin time (PT)
C. Complete blood count (CBC)
D. Liver function tests (LFTs)
Answer: D
Rationale: Statins can cause hepatotoxicity, making periodic monitoring of liver enzymes essential.
Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate
patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related
distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
6. A patient with heart failure is prescribed Digoxin. Which electrolyte imbalance increases the
risk of Digoxin toxicity?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hypomagnesemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Low potassium levels increase the binding of Digoxin to the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, increasing the
risk of toxicity. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves
patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (A) requires
understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
