EDF 6557 ETHICS FINAL
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Rawls' "Three Principles of Justice" include "The Difference Principle"
(which protects the least advantaged people)..
Answer: True
◍ A system that fairly and appropriately distributes everything from economic
goods and services to public honors and awards is termed "retributive
justice"..
Answer: False
◍ The theory of distributive justice seen in John Locke's work and
characterized by Robert Nozick includes three premises; one of which is that
"all people are entitled to that which is justly transferred to them from
someone else who justly acquired that which was transferred"..
Answer: True
◍ John Rawls believed in a view of economic contractarianism that
emphasized only relative equality over individual freedom, in order that all
persons will have a fair share of both the benefits and burdens of the
economy..
Answer: False
◍ The economic system of the United States today most closely resembles
what is termed a "mixed economic system"..
Answer: True
◍ "Capitalism" is an economic system in which ALL property (including
, factories and other "means of production") is privately owned and operated
for individual profit, as determined by a free market..
Answer: True
◍ "Socialism" is an economic system in which the means of production are
socially operated (but not owned), for the good of the public citizens as a
whole..
Answer: False
◍ "Entitlement theory" is so named because of the belief that people are
entitled to keep that which they acquire through their labor. In defense of
this idea, Harvard philosopher Robert Nozick wrote that a government
utilizing a power of taxation (beyond only that taxation which provides for a
police force and a military force to protect its citizens) is a violation of
fundamental rights because it deprives the well-to-do of money and property
to which they are entitled..
Answer: True
◍ The entitlement theory emphasizes "negative freedom", which is the
freedom from ALL forms of restraint, especially restraint from the coercive
arm of the state and its taxes..
Answer: True
◍ The Harvard professor John Rawls wrote that in order for a fair distribution
of economic burdens and benefits to take place, it is essential that the people
making these crucial decisions start from a position of initial equality; what
Rawls refered to as "the veil of ignorance". Therefore, persons such as Bill
Gates and President Obama would have no more influence over the
distribution outcome than would the common or the poorest citizens..
Answer: False
◍ "Facebook's first annual report showed $1.1 billion in pretax profits, but the
social networking firm will likely pay zero federal and state taxes. In fact,
the company is expected to receive a $429 million tax refund." This
statement was published by BusinessWeek.com in 2013..
Answer: True
CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Rawls' "Three Principles of Justice" include "The Difference Principle"
(which protects the least advantaged people)..
Answer: True
◍ A system that fairly and appropriately distributes everything from economic
goods and services to public honors and awards is termed "retributive
justice"..
Answer: False
◍ The theory of distributive justice seen in John Locke's work and
characterized by Robert Nozick includes three premises; one of which is that
"all people are entitled to that which is justly transferred to them from
someone else who justly acquired that which was transferred"..
Answer: True
◍ John Rawls believed in a view of economic contractarianism that
emphasized only relative equality over individual freedom, in order that all
persons will have a fair share of both the benefits and burdens of the
economy..
Answer: False
◍ The economic system of the United States today most closely resembles
what is termed a "mixed economic system"..
Answer: True
◍ "Capitalism" is an economic system in which ALL property (including
, factories and other "means of production") is privately owned and operated
for individual profit, as determined by a free market..
Answer: True
◍ "Socialism" is an economic system in which the means of production are
socially operated (but not owned), for the good of the public citizens as a
whole..
Answer: False
◍ "Entitlement theory" is so named because of the belief that people are
entitled to keep that which they acquire through their labor. In defense of
this idea, Harvard philosopher Robert Nozick wrote that a government
utilizing a power of taxation (beyond only that taxation which provides for a
police force and a military force to protect its citizens) is a violation of
fundamental rights because it deprives the well-to-do of money and property
to which they are entitled..
Answer: True
◍ The entitlement theory emphasizes "negative freedom", which is the
freedom from ALL forms of restraint, especially restraint from the coercive
arm of the state and its taxes..
Answer: True
◍ The Harvard professor John Rawls wrote that in order for a fair distribution
of economic burdens and benefits to take place, it is essential that the people
making these crucial decisions start from a position of initial equality; what
Rawls refered to as "the veil of ignorance". Therefore, persons such as Bill
Gates and President Obama would have no more influence over the
distribution outcome than would the common or the poorest citizens..
Answer: False
◍ "Facebook's first annual report showed $1.1 billion in pretax profits, but the
social networking firm will likely pay zero federal and state taxes. In fact,
the company is expected to receive a $429 million tax refund." This
statement was published by BusinessWeek.com in 2013..
Answer: True
