Bio 202 Exam 1 Question and Answer [2026]
| UPDATED ACTUAL Exam | Final Review
• In contrast to bioremediation, which is a strategy for _____, biological
augmentation _____ a degraded ecosystem.
a) replacing extirpated species... removes man-created pollutants and toxins from
b) using organisms to add essential materials ... removes harmful substances from
c) eradicating a crippling disease in a keystone species...involves planting fruit-
and grain-bearing crops to provide more forage in
d) removing harmful substances...uses organisms to add essential materials to
e) adding new species to control problem species...adds fertilizer to nutrient-poor
soils in -✓✓ d) removing harmful substances...uses organisms to add essential
materials to
• How can biodiversity affect the way we decontaminate industrial sites?
I) Bacteria have been found to be able to detoxify certain chemicals; perhaps there
are more.
II) Trees produce sawdust, which can be used to soak up chemicals.
III) Species evolving in contaminated areas could adapt and detoxify the area. -✓✓
only I
• The first step in ecosystem restoration is to _____.
a) remove competitive invasive species
b) restore the physical structure
c)remove toxic pollutants
d) restore native species that have been extirpated due to disturbance -✓✓ b)
restore the physical structure
,• The goal of restoration ecology is to _____.
a) prevent further degradation by protecting an area with park status
b) replace a ruined ecosystem with a more suitable ecosystem for that area
c) return degraded ecosystems to a more natural state
d) manage competition between species in human-altered ecosystems -✓✓ c)
return degraded ecosystems to a more natural state
• The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems
to a more natural state is known as _____.
a) landscape ecology
b) resource conservation
c) restoration ecology
d) conservation ecology -✓✓ c) restoration ecology
• Which of the following would be considered an example of bioremediation?
a) using a bulldozer to regrade a strip mine
b) adding seeds of a chromium-accumulating plant to soil contaminated by
chromium
c) dredging a river bottom to remove contaminated sediments
d) adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase
nitrogen availability -✓✓ d) adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded
ecosystem to increase availability
• Which process is not a natural threat to biodiversity?
a) Climate change.
b) Overhunting.
c) Habitat alteration.
, d) Extinction. -✓✓ b) overhunting
• How does the rate of species extinctions now compare with those evidenced in
the fossil record?
a) They have remained the same.
b) It is not possible to determine the rate of species extinctions in the fossil record.
c) They have increased dramatically.
d) They have decreased dramatically. -✓✓ c) they have increased dramatically
• Which process results in habitat destruction?
a) Pollution.
b) Introduction of invasive species.
c) Overhunting.
d) Damming rivers. -✓✓ d) Damming rivers
• True or false? Biologists studied the effects of forest fragmentation by calculating
the difference between the amount of plant biomass in the edges of forest
fragments and the interiors of unfragmented forest.
a) True
b) False -✓✓ a) True
• Which size forest fragment would be most affected by habitat fragmentation over
a given period of time?
a) 10 hectares.
b) 1 hectare.
c) 100 hectares.
| UPDATED ACTUAL Exam | Final Review
• In contrast to bioremediation, which is a strategy for _____, biological
augmentation _____ a degraded ecosystem.
a) replacing extirpated species... removes man-created pollutants and toxins from
b) using organisms to add essential materials ... removes harmful substances from
c) eradicating a crippling disease in a keystone species...involves planting fruit-
and grain-bearing crops to provide more forage in
d) removing harmful substances...uses organisms to add essential materials to
e) adding new species to control problem species...adds fertilizer to nutrient-poor
soils in -✓✓ d) removing harmful substances...uses organisms to add essential
materials to
• How can biodiversity affect the way we decontaminate industrial sites?
I) Bacteria have been found to be able to detoxify certain chemicals; perhaps there
are more.
II) Trees produce sawdust, which can be used to soak up chemicals.
III) Species evolving in contaminated areas could adapt and detoxify the area. -✓✓
only I
• The first step in ecosystem restoration is to _____.
a) remove competitive invasive species
b) restore the physical structure
c)remove toxic pollutants
d) restore native species that have been extirpated due to disturbance -✓✓ b)
restore the physical structure
,• The goal of restoration ecology is to _____.
a) prevent further degradation by protecting an area with park status
b) replace a ruined ecosystem with a more suitable ecosystem for that area
c) return degraded ecosystems to a more natural state
d) manage competition between species in human-altered ecosystems -✓✓ c)
return degraded ecosystems to a more natural state
• The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems
to a more natural state is known as _____.
a) landscape ecology
b) resource conservation
c) restoration ecology
d) conservation ecology -✓✓ c) restoration ecology
• Which of the following would be considered an example of bioremediation?
a) using a bulldozer to regrade a strip mine
b) adding seeds of a chromium-accumulating plant to soil contaminated by
chromium
c) dredging a river bottom to remove contaminated sediments
d) adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded ecosystem to increase
nitrogen availability -✓✓ d) adding nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to a degraded
ecosystem to increase availability
• Which process is not a natural threat to biodiversity?
a) Climate change.
b) Overhunting.
c) Habitat alteration.
, d) Extinction. -✓✓ b) overhunting
• How does the rate of species extinctions now compare with those evidenced in
the fossil record?
a) They have remained the same.
b) It is not possible to determine the rate of species extinctions in the fossil record.
c) They have increased dramatically.
d) They have decreased dramatically. -✓✓ c) they have increased dramatically
• Which process results in habitat destruction?
a) Pollution.
b) Introduction of invasive species.
c) Overhunting.
d) Damming rivers. -✓✓ d) Damming rivers
• True or false? Biologists studied the effects of forest fragmentation by calculating
the difference between the amount of plant biomass in the edges of forest
fragments and the interiors of unfragmented forest.
a) True
b) False -✓✓ a) True
• Which size forest fragment would be most affected by habitat fragmentation over
a given period of time?
a) 10 hectares.
b) 1 hectare.
c) 100 hectares.
