HRS 4570 - Exam 4
chiropractic medicine method of treatment based on belief that nervous system, skeletal system, and
muscular system interact, and if that interaction is blocked, disease and/or pain
will occur
subluxation misalignment of vertebra(e)
adjustment process of manipulating misaligned vertebrae or other joints in the body back into
place
When can chiropractic care be traced back to? 2700-1500 BCE in writings from China and Greece
bonesetters - set broken bones of people without conducting
- surgery were said to be early "chiropractors"
- Sarah Mapp and Sir Herbert Barker
Daniel David Palmer - founded the concept of chiropractic care in the US in Davenport, Iowa
- was a schoolteacher, farmer, and grocer
- self-taught student of anatomy and physiology
- "racked" a janitor's vertebrae back into place to help him hear again
- was confident that 95% of all diseases could be healed from spinal
manipulations
- opened the Palmer School of Chiropractic
- jailed in 1906 for treating people without a license
- sold his business to his son, B.J.
Dr. A.T. Still founder of osteopathy
B.J. Palmer - credited with developing chiropractic medicine
chiropractic philosophy - chiropractors believe that good health is determined by a deathly nervous
system
- by using natural and conservative methods of health care, the boy will heal
itself without the use of surgery or medication
objective straights focus solely on the correction of chiropractic vertebral subluxations
traditional straights claim that chiropractic adjustments are plausible treatment for a wide range of
diseases
chiropractic mixers believe that disease can be caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and
fungi
believe that subluxations can lower resistance to disease or can cause a
neurological imbalance within the body, lowering resistance to disease
ways adjustment can be delivered: - high or low velocity speed
- short or long lever
- high or low force
- with or without recoil
Thompson chiropractic technique analyzing length of legs and uses a drop table for adjustment
, HRS 4570 - Exam 4
Cox Flexion/Distraction chiropractic technique thought to restore range of motion in joints and muscles
activator small tool that delivers and light and measured force to correct the misalignment
Gonstead chiropractic technique application of different levels of pressure to address specific misaligned joints
Which of these people CANNOT have a chiropractic --->D. Elijah, who is on an anticoagulant medication
adjustment? C. Madelyn, who is on an antibiotic medication
B. Ryan, who gets migraine headaches
A. Abby, who has asthma
Chiropractic training - 3 years (90 hours) of undergraduate courses with an emphasis on science
- 4-5 years at a chiropractic college (4,200-4,485 classroom hours; 555 hours on
adjustment)
- pass board exam and any required state exams
- specializations require an extra 3 years
settings for chiropractic doctors - clinics
- military settings (VA)
- professional athletic organizations
massage therapy manipulation of soft tissues and muscles by using a variety of physical methods,
including fixed or moveable pressure, holding, vibrating, rocking, applying
friction, kneading and compressing, and/or causing movement to the body
Western massage methods - Swedish massage: uses firm but gentle pressure to promote relaxation, ease
muscle tension, and create stress relief and improved blood circulation
- Esalen massage: incorporates the sound of waves in the background (or
recorded sound) and long, slow strokes to awaken awareness and manage
stress
- Holistic massage: deals with the person as a whole by address underlying
cause of symptoms
Eastern massage methods - Ayurvedic massage
- Tunia
- Lomi lomi
- Shiatsu
Ayurvedic massage - uses a massage mat or chair
- used oils
- said to provide relaxation, help circulation, and rid the body of toxins
Tunia - bodywork therapy that uses the flow of chi through the meridians
- chi flow is increases, allowing the body to heal itself
- includes hand techniques that massage soft tissue, muscles, and tendons and
uses acupressure to directly move the flow of chi
Lomi lomi - Hawaiian massage
- increases energy flow in the body
- Hawaiian concept of Huna (everything seeks harmony and love)
- gently, yet deeply, working the muscles with loving hands
Shiatsu - holistic body work used to gain relaxation
- used acupressure techniques applied with hands, thumbs, elbows, and knees
to unblock meridians
Effleurage - stroke that can blend all strokes
, HRS 4570 - Exam 4
Petrissage - act of kneading using the whole hand
percussion - striking the body using different parts of the hands, keeping the wrists loose,
beginning slowly and increasing to moderate speed, then building to a crescendo
and stopping abruptly
tapotement - superficial form of percussion that can be carried out with great speed
(chopping hands)
deep sustained pressure - up the full length of the sausage-shakes muscles on wither side of the spine
fan stroking - placing hands palm side down and smoothly sliding upwards by leaning into it
with a straight back
circular stroking - variation of fan stroking
- both hands working on same side at one time
thumb stroking - stroking firmly upward and using the left thumb
basic kneading - flat and smooth, just like kneading dough
circular pressure - applying light pressure with the thumbs in a circular motion while gradually
increasing the pressure
static pressure - good for releasing tension in the neck, shoulders, back, and feet
- thumbs are placed on the skin and therapist leans into them with increasing
pressure
- held for 10 seconds than move onto another point
cat stroking - placing hands on the top of the area that is being massaged and lightly
pressing, gliding hands down the body
(like petting a cat)
knuckling - using the knuckles of the hand against the skin
- rotating the knuckles in a rippling movement in small circles
craniosacral therapy - developed by W.G. Sutherland in mis 1900s
- discovered existence of very subtle rhythm in the body unrelated to
cardiovascular or breathing rhythms (AKA cranial rhythmic impulse)
Structural integration aka Rolfing - developed by Ida Rolf
- incorporated ideas from osteopathic manipulation, cranial osteopathy, and
heath yoga
- massage the muscles and facia all over the body, not just where there is pain
myofasical release - soft tissue therapy used for the treatment of skeletal muscle immobility and pain
- focuses primarily on the fascia and other connective tissues
- no oils or lotions used
- self practice with foam rollers
chiropractic medicine method of treatment based on belief that nervous system, skeletal system, and
muscular system interact, and if that interaction is blocked, disease and/or pain
will occur
subluxation misalignment of vertebra(e)
adjustment process of manipulating misaligned vertebrae or other joints in the body back into
place
When can chiropractic care be traced back to? 2700-1500 BCE in writings from China and Greece
bonesetters - set broken bones of people without conducting
- surgery were said to be early "chiropractors"
- Sarah Mapp and Sir Herbert Barker
Daniel David Palmer - founded the concept of chiropractic care in the US in Davenport, Iowa
- was a schoolteacher, farmer, and grocer
- self-taught student of anatomy and physiology
- "racked" a janitor's vertebrae back into place to help him hear again
- was confident that 95% of all diseases could be healed from spinal
manipulations
- opened the Palmer School of Chiropractic
- jailed in 1906 for treating people without a license
- sold his business to his son, B.J.
Dr. A.T. Still founder of osteopathy
B.J. Palmer - credited with developing chiropractic medicine
chiropractic philosophy - chiropractors believe that good health is determined by a deathly nervous
system
- by using natural and conservative methods of health care, the boy will heal
itself without the use of surgery or medication
objective straights focus solely on the correction of chiropractic vertebral subluxations
traditional straights claim that chiropractic adjustments are plausible treatment for a wide range of
diseases
chiropractic mixers believe that disease can be caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and
fungi
believe that subluxations can lower resistance to disease or can cause a
neurological imbalance within the body, lowering resistance to disease
ways adjustment can be delivered: - high or low velocity speed
- short or long lever
- high or low force
- with or without recoil
Thompson chiropractic technique analyzing length of legs and uses a drop table for adjustment
, HRS 4570 - Exam 4
Cox Flexion/Distraction chiropractic technique thought to restore range of motion in joints and muscles
activator small tool that delivers and light and measured force to correct the misalignment
Gonstead chiropractic technique application of different levels of pressure to address specific misaligned joints
Which of these people CANNOT have a chiropractic --->D. Elijah, who is on an anticoagulant medication
adjustment? C. Madelyn, who is on an antibiotic medication
B. Ryan, who gets migraine headaches
A. Abby, who has asthma
Chiropractic training - 3 years (90 hours) of undergraduate courses with an emphasis on science
- 4-5 years at a chiropractic college (4,200-4,485 classroom hours; 555 hours on
adjustment)
- pass board exam and any required state exams
- specializations require an extra 3 years
settings for chiropractic doctors - clinics
- military settings (VA)
- professional athletic organizations
massage therapy manipulation of soft tissues and muscles by using a variety of physical methods,
including fixed or moveable pressure, holding, vibrating, rocking, applying
friction, kneading and compressing, and/or causing movement to the body
Western massage methods - Swedish massage: uses firm but gentle pressure to promote relaxation, ease
muscle tension, and create stress relief and improved blood circulation
- Esalen massage: incorporates the sound of waves in the background (or
recorded sound) and long, slow strokes to awaken awareness and manage
stress
- Holistic massage: deals with the person as a whole by address underlying
cause of symptoms
Eastern massage methods - Ayurvedic massage
- Tunia
- Lomi lomi
- Shiatsu
Ayurvedic massage - uses a massage mat or chair
- used oils
- said to provide relaxation, help circulation, and rid the body of toxins
Tunia - bodywork therapy that uses the flow of chi through the meridians
- chi flow is increases, allowing the body to heal itself
- includes hand techniques that massage soft tissue, muscles, and tendons and
uses acupressure to directly move the flow of chi
Lomi lomi - Hawaiian massage
- increases energy flow in the body
- Hawaiian concept of Huna (everything seeks harmony and love)
- gently, yet deeply, working the muscles with loving hands
Shiatsu - holistic body work used to gain relaxation
- used acupressure techniques applied with hands, thumbs, elbows, and knees
to unblock meridians
Effleurage - stroke that can blend all strokes
, HRS 4570 - Exam 4
Petrissage - act of kneading using the whole hand
percussion - striking the body using different parts of the hands, keeping the wrists loose,
beginning slowly and increasing to moderate speed, then building to a crescendo
and stopping abruptly
tapotement - superficial form of percussion that can be carried out with great speed
(chopping hands)
deep sustained pressure - up the full length of the sausage-shakes muscles on wither side of the spine
fan stroking - placing hands palm side down and smoothly sliding upwards by leaning into it
with a straight back
circular stroking - variation of fan stroking
- both hands working on same side at one time
thumb stroking - stroking firmly upward and using the left thumb
basic kneading - flat and smooth, just like kneading dough
circular pressure - applying light pressure with the thumbs in a circular motion while gradually
increasing the pressure
static pressure - good for releasing tension in the neck, shoulders, back, and feet
- thumbs are placed on the skin and therapist leans into them with increasing
pressure
- held for 10 seconds than move onto another point
cat stroking - placing hands on the top of the area that is being massaged and lightly
pressing, gliding hands down the body
(like petting a cat)
knuckling - using the knuckles of the hand against the skin
- rotating the knuckles in a rippling movement in small circles
craniosacral therapy - developed by W.G. Sutherland in mis 1900s
- discovered existence of very subtle rhythm in the body unrelated to
cardiovascular or breathing rhythms (AKA cranial rhythmic impulse)
Structural integration aka Rolfing - developed by Ida Rolf
- incorporated ideas from osteopathic manipulation, cranial osteopathy, and
heath yoga
- massage the muscles and facia all over the body, not just where there is pain
myofasical release - soft tissue therapy used for the treatment of skeletal muscle immobility and pain
- focuses primarily on the fascia and other connective tissues
- no oils or lotions used
- self practice with foam rollers
