NR507 Final Exam 2026 / NR 507 Week 8
Exam Advanced Pathophysiology Expected
Questions and Answers ()
(Verified Answers )
Question 1: What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer?
a) Herpes simplex virus type 6 b) Herpes simplex virus type 2 c) Human papillomavirus
d) Human immunodeficiency virus
Question 2 Which statement accurately describes childhood asthma? a) An obstructive
airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial
hyperreactivity, and inflammation b) A pulmonary disease characterized by severe
hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray
imaging c) A pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein,
producing viscous mucus that lines the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas
deferens d) An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased
pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency Question 3 The ability of
the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as: a) Infectivity b)
Toxigenicity c) Pathogenicity d) Virulence
Question 4 Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because: a)
Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling. b) The metabolic
rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults. c) The rate of urine
output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults. d) The
thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively.
Question 5 Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how long? a) 6
to 8 weeks b) 8 to 12 months c) Until the iron level is normal d) The rest of one’s
life
Question 6 Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis? a) Obstructive airway
disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity,
and inflammation b) Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased
pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest xray imaging c) Pulmonary
disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that
obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens d) Pulmonary disorder
characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a
surfactant deficiency
Question 7 What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps
particles moving toward the oropharynx? a) Nasal turbinates b) Alveolar macrophages
c) Cilia d) Irritant receptors on the nares
, Question 8 As stated in the Frank-Starling law, a direct relationship exists between
the _____ of the blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of
contraction during the next systole. a) Pressure; force Volume; b) strength
Viscosity; c) force Viscosity; strength
Question 9 : a) 2 years b) 1 year c) 10 months d) 5 months
Question 10 Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which
tissue origin? a) Blood vessels b) Epithelial cells c) Connective tissue d) Glandular
tissue
Question 11 Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia? a)
Increasing rate and depth of breathing b) Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction c)
Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen d) Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin
Question 12 What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that
contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in
a posterior arch of a vertebra? a) Encephalocele b) Meningocele c) Spina bifida
occulta d) Myelomeningocele Question 13 Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which
electrolyte imbalance? a) Hypokalemia b) Hyperkalemia c) Hypocalcemia d)
Hypercalcemia Question 14 After sexual transmission of HIV, a person can be infected
yet seronegative for how many months? a) 1 to 2 b) 6 to 14 c) 18 to 20 d) 24 to 36
Question 15 Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a
stress response? a) Norepinephrine b) Epinephrine c) Cortisol d) Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH) Question 16 Which blood cells are the chief phagocytes involved in the
early inflammation process? a) Neutrophils b) Monocytes c) Eosinophils d) Erythr
Question 17 Where are alveolar macrophages found? a) Skin b) Breasts c)
Gastrointestinal tract d) Lungs
Question 18 Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system? a)
Decreased flow resistance b) Fewer alveoli c) Stiffening of the chest wall d)
Improved elastic recoil
Question 19 An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would
likely exhibit which symptom? a) Intermittent murmur b) Lack of symptoms c) Need for
surgical repair d) Triad of congenital defects
Question 20 Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor? a) V b)
VIII c) IX d) X
Question 21 A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
a) Hemolytic shock b) Anaphylaxis c) Necrotizing vasculitis d) Systemic erythematosus
Question 22 Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer? a) Pain is primarily a
result of pressure caused by the tumor. b) Pain indicates the metastasis of a cancer.
c) Pain is usually the initial symptom of cancer. d) Pain is generally associated
with late-stage cancer.
Question 23 What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and
much of the brain is missing? a) Anencephaly b) Myelodysplasia c) Cranial meningocele
d) Hydrocephaly Question 24 At birth, which statement is true? a) Systemic resistance
and pulmonary resistance fall. b) Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung.
c) Systemic resistance falls and pulmonary resistance rises. d) Systemic resistance
and pulmonary resistance rise.
Exam Advanced Pathophysiology Expected
Questions and Answers ()
(Verified Answers )
Question 1: What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer?
a) Herpes simplex virus type 6 b) Herpes simplex virus type 2 c) Human papillomavirus
d) Human immunodeficiency virus
Question 2 Which statement accurately describes childhood asthma? a) An obstructive
airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial
hyperreactivity, and inflammation b) A pulmonary disease characterized by severe
hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray
imaging c) A pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein,
producing viscous mucus that lines the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas
deferens d) An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased
pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency Question 3 The ability of
the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as: a) Infectivity b)
Toxigenicity c) Pathogenicity d) Virulence
Question 4 Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because: a)
Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling. b) The metabolic
rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults. c) The rate of urine
output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults. d) The
thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively.
Question 5 Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how long? a) 6
to 8 weeks b) 8 to 12 months c) Until the iron level is normal d) The rest of one’s
life
Question 6 Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis? a) Obstructive airway
disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity,
and inflammation b) Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased
pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest xray imaging c) Pulmonary
disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that
obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens d) Pulmonary disorder
characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a
surfactant deficiency
Question 7 What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps
particles moving toward the oropharynx? a) Nasal turbinates b) Alveolar macrophages
c) Cilia d) Irritant receptors on the nares
, Question 8 As stated in the Frank-Starling law, a direct relationship exists between
the _____ of the blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of
contraction during the next systole. a) Pressure; force Volume; b) strength
Viscosity; c) force Viscosity; strength
Question 9 : a) 2 years b) 1 year c) 10 months d) 5 months
Question 10 Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which
tissue origin? a) Blood vessels b) Epithelial cells c) Connective tissue d) Glandular
tissue
Question 11 Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia? a)
Increasing rate and depth of breathing b) Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction c)
Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen d) Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin
Question 12 What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that
contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in
a posterior arch of a vertebra? a) Encephalocele b) Meningocele c) Spina bifida
occulta d) Myelomeningocele Question 13 Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which
electrolyte imbalance? a) Hypokalemia b) Hyperkalemia c) Hypocalcemia d)
Hypercalcemia Question 14 After sexual transmission of HIV, a person can be infected
yet seronegative for how many months? a) 1 to 2 b) 6 to 14 c) 18 to 20 d) 24 to 36
Question 15 Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a
stress response? a) Norepinephrine b) Epinephrine c) Cortisol d) Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH) Question 16 Which blood cells are the chief phagocytes involved in the
early inflammation process? a) Neutrophils b) Monocytes c) Eosinophils d) Erythr
Question 17 Where are alveolar macrophages found? a) Skin b) Breasts c)
Gastrointestinal tract d) Lungs
Question 18 Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system? a)
Decreased flow resistance b) Fewer alveoli c) Stiffening of the chest wall d)
Improved elastic recoil
Question 19 An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would
likely exhibit which symptom? a) Intermittent murmur b) Lack of symptoms c) Need for
surgical repair d) Triad of congenital defects
Question 20 Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor? a) V b)
VIII c) IX d) X
Question 21 A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:
a) Hemolytic shock b) Anaphylaxis c) Necrotizing vasculitis d) Systemic erythematosus
Question 22 Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer? a) Pain is primarily a
result of pressure caused by the tumor. b) Pain indicates the metastasis of a cancer.
c) Pain is usually the initial symptom of cancer. d) Pain is generally associated
with late-stage cancer.
Question 23 What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and
much of the brain is missing? a) Anencephaly b) Myelodysplasia c) Cranial meningocele
d) Hydrocephaly Question 24 At birth, which statement is true? a) Systemic resistance
and pulmonary resistance fall. b) Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung.
c) Systemic resistance falls and pulmonary resistance rises. d) Systemic resistance
and pulmonary resistance rise.
