JBL EMT FINAL EXAM COMPLETE
JBL
EMT ACTUAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A+
When an error occurs while using the AED, it is MOST often the result of: - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > AEDs are highly sensitive and specific in recognizing
shockable rhythms (eg, V-Fib, pulseless V-Tach); this means that they are
highly reliable. It would be extremely rare for the AED to recommend a shock
when one is not indicated or fail to recommend a shock when one is indicated.
When an error does occur, it is usually the operator's fault. The most common
error is not having a charged battery. To avoid this problem, many AEDs are
equipped with an alarm that warns the operator if the battery is not fully
charged. Some of the older AEDs, however, are not equipped with this feature.
Therefore, it is important to check the AED daily, exercise the battery as often
as the manufacturer recommends, and always have a spare, fully charged
battery on hand.
Prior to your arrival, a woman experiencing an asthma attack took two puffs from
her prescribed inhaler without relief. After administering supplemental oxygen,
1
,you should: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Before assisting a patient with any
medication other than oxygen, the EMT must ensure that the medication is
prescribed to the patient and then obtain authorization from medical control.
In this case, the physician probably will allow you to help the patient take one
more puff from her inhaler. Generally, up to three puffs from an inhaler are
delivered in the field. It is important for you to ask the patient how many
puffs were taken from the inhaler before you arrived. The EMT must correct
any airway and/or breathing problems as quickly as possible. After doing so, a
secondary assessment can be performed.
Upon discovering an open chest wound, you should: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Upon discovering an open chest wound (ie, sucking chest wound), you must
take immediate action to prevent air from entering the wound. This is most
effectively accomplished by applying an occlusive dressing or similar material
to the wound. A porous (nonocclusive) trauma dressing will not prevent air
from entering the wound. Tape three sides of the occlusive dressing and closely
monitor the patient. If worsened respiratory distress and signs of shock are
noted, a tension pneumothorax is probably developing, and you must release
pressure from the pleural space by lifting up the unsecured portion of the
occlusive dressing.
Which of the following signs and symptoms are MOST characteristic of
hyperglycemic ketoacidosis? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Hyperglycemic
ketoacidosis (diabetic coma) is characterized by a dangerously high blood
2
,glucose level (hyperglycemia); slow onset; warm, dry skin (from dehydration);
Kussmaul's respirations, which are deep and rapid; and breath with a fruity
or acetone odor. Insulin shock results from a low blood glucose level
(hypoglycemia) and is characterized by a rapid onset; altered mental status;
and cool, clammy skin.
You are assessing an elderly man with respiratory distress. He is coughing up
bloody sputum and has an oxygen saturation of 85%. You auscultate his breath
sounds and hear coarse crackles in all lung fields. This patient MOST likely has: -
✔✔✔ Correct Answer > This patient's signs and symptoms are classic for left-
sided congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema. As the left side of the
heart weakens, so that it can no longer effectively pump blood, blood backs up
into the lungs, resulting in pulmonary edema. As pulmonary edema gets
worse, the patient begins coughing up pink, frothy sputum (hemoptysis). The
presence of fluid in the lungs impairs the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide, resulting in hypoxemia and a low oxygen saturation (SpO2).
Auscultation of the patient's lungs often reveals coarse crackles, which
indicates the presence of fluid. Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease,
not an acute one. Furthermore, hemoptysis is not a common finding with
emphysema. Likewise, patients with decompensated asthma often have
markedly diminished lung sounds owing to severe bronchospasm; hemoptysis
and crackles are not common. Bacterial pneumonia can cause respiratory
distress; however, it usually presents with fever and diminished breath sounds
to a localized area of a lung (eg, the left lower lobe).
3
, After an adult cardiac arrest patient has been intubated by a paramedic, you are
providing ventilations as your partner performs chest compressions. When
ventilating the patient, you should: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > When ventilating
an adult cardiac arrest patient with an advanced airway in place (ie, ET tube,
multilumen airway, supraglottic airway), you should deliver each breath over
a period of 1 second--just enough to produce visible chest rise--at a rate of 10
breaths/min (one breath every 6 seconds). Do not attempt to synchronize
ventilations with chest compressions once the airway has been secured with an
advanced device. Hyperventilation should be avoided, as it may result in
increased intrathoracic pressure, decreased blood return to the heart, and, as
a result, less effective chest compressions.
Which of the following is a common side effect of nitroglycerin? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Because nitroglycerin (NTG) causes vasodilation, including the
vessels within the brain, cerebral blood flow increases following its
administration. This often causes a pounding headache for the patient. As
uncomfortable as it is for the patient, headaches are a common and expected
side effect of the drug. The vasodilatory effects of nitroglycerin could result in
hypotension; therefore, the patient's blood pressure should be carefully
monitored. Nausea and anxiety are common symptoms of acute coronary
syndrome; they are not common side effects of nitroglycerin.
According to the USDOT, minimum staffing for BLS ambulance includes:
4
JBL
EMT ACTUAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A+
When an error occurs while using the AED, it is MOST often the result of: - ✔✔✔
Correct Answer > AEDs are highly sensitive and specific in recognizing
shockable rhythms (eg, V-Fib, pulseless V-Tach); this means that they are
highly reliable. It would be extremely rare for the AED to recommend a shock
when one is not indicated or fail to recommend a shock when one is indicated.
When an error does occur, it is usually the operator's fault. The most common
error is not having a charged battery. To avoid this problem, many AEDs are
equipped with an alarm that warns the operator if the battery is not fully
charged. Some of the older AEDs, however, are not equipped with this feature.
Therefore, it is important to check the AED daily, exercise the battery as often
as the manufacturer recommends, and always have a spare, fully charged
battery on hand.
Prior to your arrival, a woman experiencing an asthma attack took two puffs from
her prescribed inhaler without relief. After administering supplemental oxygen,
1
,you should: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Before assisting a patient with any
medication other than oxygen, the EMT must ensure that the medication is
prescribed to the patient and then obtain authorization from medical control.
In this case, the physician probably will allow you to help the patient take one
more puff from her inhaler. Generally, up to three puffs from an inhaler are
delivered in the field. It is important for you to ask the patient how many
puffs were taken from the inhaler before you arrived. The EMT must correct
any airway and/or breathing problems as quickly as possible. After doing so, a
secondary assessment can be performed.
Upon discovering an open chest wound, you should: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer >
Upon discovering an open chest wound (ie, sucking chest wound), you must
take immediate action to prevent air from entering the wound. This is most
effectively accomplished by applying an occlusive dressing or similar material
to the wound. A porous (nonocclusive) trauma dressing will not prevent air
from entering the wound. Tape three sides of the occlusive dressing and closely
monitor the patient. If worsened respiratory distress and signs of shock are
noted, a tension pneumothorax is probably developing, and you must release
pressure from the pleural space by lifting up the unsecured portion of the
occlusive dressing.
Which of the following signs and symptoms are MOST characteristic of
hyperglycemic ketoacidosis? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Hyperglycemic
ketoacidosis (diabetic coma) is characterized by a dangerously high blood
2
,glucose level (hyperglycemia); slow onset; warm, dry skin (from dehydration);
Kussmaul's respirations, which are deep and rapid; and breath with a fruity
or acetone odor. Insulin shock results from a low blood glucose level
(hypoglycemia) and is characterized by a rapid onset; altered mental status;
and cool, clammy skin.
You are assessing an elderly man with respiratory distress. He is coughing up
bloody sputum and has an oxygen saturation of 85%. You auscultate his breath
sounds and hear coarse crackles in all lung fields. This patient MOST likely has: -
✔✔✔ Correct Answer > This patient's signs and symptoms are classic for left-
sided congestive heart failure and pulmonary edema. As the left side of the
heart weakens, so that it can no longer effectively pump blood, blood backs up
into the lungs, resulting in pulmonary edema. As pulmonary edema gets
worse, the patient begins coughing up pink, frothy sputum (hemoptysis). The
presence of fluid in the lungs impairs the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide, resulting in hypoxemia and a low oxygen saturation (SpO2).
Auscultation of the patient's lungs often reveals coarse crackles, which
indicates the presence of fluid. Emphysema is a chronic respiratory disease,
not an acute one. Furthermore, hemoptysis is not a common finding with
emphysema. Likewise, patients with decompensated asthma often have
markedly diminished lung sounds owing to severe bronchospasm; hemoptysis
and crackles are not common. Bacterial pneumonia can cause respiratory
distress; however, it usually presents with fever and diminished breath sounds
to a localized area of a lung (eg, the left lower lobe).
3
, After an adult cardiac arrest patient has been intubated by a paramedic, you are
providing ventilations as your partner performs chest compressions. When
ventilating the patient, you should: - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > When ventilating
an adult cardiac arrest patient with an advanced airway in place (ie, ET tube,
multilumen airway, supraglottic airway), you should deliver each breath over
a period of 1 second--just enough to produce visible chest rise--at a rate of 10
breaths/min (one breath every 6 seconds). Do not attempt to synchronize
ventilations with chest compressions once the airway has been secured with an
advanced device. Hyperventilation should be avoided, as it may result in
increased intrathoracic pressure, decreased blood return to the heart, and, as
a result, less effective chest compressions.
Which of the following is a common side effect of nitroglycerin? - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Because nitroglycerin (NTG) causes vasodilation, including the
vessels within the brain, cerebral blood flow increases following its
administration. This often causes a pounding headache for the patient. As
uncomfortable as it is for the patient, headaches are a common and expected
side effect of the drug. The vasodilatory effects of nitroglycerin could result in
hypotension; therefore, the patient's blood pressure should be carefully
monitored. Nausea and anxiety are common symptoms of acute coronary
syndrome; they are not common side effects of nitroglycerin.
According to the USDOT, minimum staffing for BLS ambulance includes:
4
