Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
CAPSTONE FUNDAMENTALS EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS UPGRADED 2026/2027
Anurseis completinganutritionalassessment ona client andmeasures bodymass index (B MI)
sw w
s sw sw df sw sw df sw sw
.WhichofthefollowingreadingscorrelateswithaBMIofanoverweightclient?
sw sw sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
A. 18.5
B.24.9 sw
C.25 sw
D.32-CorrectAnswer✔C.25
sw sw w
s w
s w
s
Rationale:Healthy indicatesbyaBMIof18.5-24.9.Overweightisdefinedas sw w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
anincreased sw relationtoheight.ItisindicatedbyaBMIof25-29.9. w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Obesityisanexcessamountofbodyfat.ItisindicatedbyaBMIgreaterthanorequal
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
to30. sw
Underweight-lessthan18.5
Anurseisverifyingnasogastrictube thepHofaspirated
sw sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
WhichofthefollowingpHvaluesprovidesagoodindicationof
sw sw placement? w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
A.2 sw
B.5 sw
C.7 sw
D.9-CorrectAnswer✔A.2
sw sw sw w
s w
s
Rationale: indicationofappropriateplacement gastriccontentswith sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
apHbetween 0and4. w
s w
s w
s
Anurseiscaringforaclientwithaclosedheadinjury.Whenpressure
sw tosw w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
client'snailbeds,theclient'seyesopenandadductionofthe
sw flexionofthe sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
elbowsandwristsisnoted.The moanswith sw theclient's w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
GlascowComaScore? sw w
s
A.4 sw
B.7 sw
C.9 sw
D.10- sw
CorrectAnswer✔B.7(comatose) Rationale: EyeO df sw
pening (rangesfrom4- df
1)4=spontaneoussw sw sw
3= tovoice2
df sw
=topain1= none
sw sw sw sw sw
Verbal(ranges from5- df
1) 5 = orientedsw sw sw
4=confused
sw sw
Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
,Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
3=inappropriatewords 2=incom
sw sw w
s sw df
prehensiblesounds1= none df sw sw
Motor(ragedfrom6-
s 1)6=obeyscomman
w sw sw sw w
s
d
5=localizes pain4 df sw
=withdraws
sw
3 =flexion(decorticateposturing) 2 =extension(dec
df sw sw w
s sw df
erebrateposturing)1 sw
=none
sw
Anurseshouldteachwhichofthe requiringcrutches
sw use w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw
athree-
A. who sw tobearfull bothlowerextremities. w
s w
s w
s sw sw
B. whohasbilaterallegbracesduetoparalysisofthelowerextremities.
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
C. whohasarightfemurfracturewithnoweightbearingontheaffectedleg.
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
D. whohasbilateralknee-replacementswithpartialweightbearingonbothlegs.
sw w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
-
theaffectedleg. sw w
s
Rationale: pointgait clienttobearallofhisweightononefoot.With sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
theclientbears both crutchesandthenontheuninvolved w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
leg,repeatingthesequence.Theaffected
sw theground. w
s sw w
s w
s sw
Anurseisprovidingteaching Mediterraneandiettoaclientwhohasanew
sw sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
diagnosisifhypertension.Whichofthefollowingstatementsby a sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
needforfurtherteaching? sw sw w
s
A."Iwill intakeof redmeattotwice weekly." sw sw w
s w
s sw
B."Icanhavedairyinmoderateportionsdaily."
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw
C."Icanhavefishtwotimesaweek."
sw sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s
D."Ican inmoderation."-
sw sw Answer✔A."Iwilllimitmyintakeofred
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
meattotwice weekly." sw w
s
Rationale:FollowingtheMediterraneandiet,redmeatshouldbelimitedtotwotimes sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
monthly.Theclientshouldhavedairyinmoderate toweekly.Theintake
sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
offishandseafood
sw leasttwotimesperweek.Drinkingwineisacceptablein
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
moderation.
Anurseisprovidingdietaryeducationtoaclientwithcholecystitiswhohasbeenprescribed alo
sw sw sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
w-
fat diet.Whichofthefollowingmealselectionsbytheclient indicatesunderstandingofeduc ation
df sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw
?
A. Roastbeefwithgravy,mashedpotatoes,icecream w
s w
s sw w
s sw sw
B. Macaroniandcheese,salad,pudding w
s w
s w
s
C. Creamedchickenonarollwithpeas w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s
D. Roast turkey,ricepilaf,greenbeans - df sw w
s w
s w
s sw
Correct Answer✔D.Roast turkey,ricepilaf,greenbeans df sw w
s df sw sw sw sw sw
Rationale: Roast turkey is a low- sw sw sw sw sw
fat proteinoptionthatwouldbeanexcellent choiceforalow-fatdiet.
df sw w
s w
s w
s df sw sw sw sw
Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
, Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
Aclient withacystoceleis encouragedto exercisetostrengthenpelvicfloormusclesandpr even
sw df sw w
s w
s df sw df sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
t pelvis organ prolapse.What exercise will the client need to perform?
df sw sw w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw df
A. Kegelexercises
B. Isometric exercises df
C. Circumductionexercises
D. Uterineextensionexercises- sw sw sw
Correct Answer✔A.KegelexercisesRationale:Kegelexercises strengthenthe pe lvic floor
df sw w
s w
s w
s sw df sw df sw df sw
muscles,whichresultsin sw w
s w
s
reductionorpreventionofpelvicprolapseandstressurinaryincontinence.Theothermention ed
sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
exercises have no direct effect on prevention orreductionof acystocele.
sw sw sw df df sw sw sw sw sw sw
Anurseiscaringforanolderadult delirium.Whichinterventionwillmost
sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
effectivelyreducetheclient's falls? sw w
s sw w
s
A.Use ofanight-light.
sw sw
B.Demonstratehowtousethecalllight.
sw w
s w
s w
s w
s
C.Placebedsidetableincloseproximity.
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s
sw
reducestheoccurrenceofclientfallsaswellasreducingcalllightusageandincreasing w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
clientsatisfaction.
sw
Anurseiscaringfora prescribedfurosemide.Whichofthe
sw sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
followingfoodsshouldthenurseencouragetoincludeinhisdiet?
sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
A.Tablesaltsw sw
B.Eggyolks sw sw
C.Whitewine sw sw
D. sw Answer✔D.Oranges w
s
ionale: ientprescribedpotassium-wastingdiureticsshouldbeencouragedtoeat sw sw sw sw
foodshighinpotassium.Oranges,driedfruits,tomatoes,avocados,driedpeas,meats,
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
broccoli,and allgoodsourcesofpotassium.Table
sw notagood w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
sourceofpotassium. sw sw
Amenopausal havingdifficultygettingtosleepandasks she w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
shouldincorporateinherdailyroutinetopromotesleep.Thenursewouldencourage w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
whichofthe sw sw w
s
A.Consumeawarm
sw w
s w
s
B. Takeaneveningwalkbeforebedtime. sw sw sw w
s w
s
C. Takeanafternoonnap. w
s
D. Limit alcoholandnicotinepriorto bedtime.-
df sw w
s w
s df sw
Correct Answer✔D.Limit alcoholandnicotinepriortobedtime.
df sw w
s df sw sw sw sw
Rationale: Limit alcohol, caffeine (stimulant), andnicotine (stimulant) at least 4 hrbefore bed tim
sw sw sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw sw
e. Exercise regularly; limit exercise at least 2 hrbefore bedtime. Limit fluids 2 to 4 hr before bedti
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw sw sw
me.
Anurse is caring fora client with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Define the characteristics of the ulc er.
sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw
Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
CAPSTONE FUNDAMENTALS EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS UPGRADED 2026/2027
Anurseis completinganutritionalassessment ona client andmeasures bodymass index (B MI)
sw w
s sw sw df sw sw df sw sw
.WhichofthefollowingreadingscorrelateswithaBMIofanoverweightclient?
sw sw sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
A. 18.5
B.24.9 sw
C.25 sw
D.32-CorrectAnswer✔C.25
sw sw w
s w
s w
s
Rationale:Healthy indicatesbyaBMIof18.5-24.9.Overweightisdefinedas sw w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
anincreased sw relationtoheight.ItisindicatedbyaBMIof25-29.9. w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Obesityisanexcessamountofbodyfat.ItisindicatedbyaBMIgreaterthanorequal
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
to30. sw
Underweight-lessthan18.5
Anurseisverifyingnasogastrictube thepHofaspirated
sw sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
WhichofthefollowingpHvaluesprovidesagoodindicationof
sw sw placement? w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
A.2 sw
B.5 sw
C.7 sw
D.9-CorrectAnswer✔A.2
sw sw sw w
s w
s
Rationale: indicationofappropriateplacement gastriccontentswith sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
apHbetween 0and4. w
s w
s w
s
Anurseiscaringforaclientwithaclosedheadinjury.Whenpressure
sw tosw w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
client'snailbeds,theclient'seyesopenandadductionofthe
sw flexionofthe sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
elbowsandwristsisnoted.The moanswith sw theclient's w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
GlascowComaScore? sw w
s
A.4 sw
B.7 sw
C.9 sw
D.10- sw
CorrectAnswer✔B.7(comatose) Rationale: EyeO df sw
pening (rangesfrom4- df
1)4=spontaneoussw sw sw
3= tovoice2
df sw
=topain1= none
sw sw sw sw sw
Verbal(ranges from5- df
1) 5 = orientedsw sw sw
4=confused
sw sw
Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
,Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
3=inappropriatewords 2=incom
sw sw w
s sw df
prehensiblesounds1= none df sw sw
Motor(ragedfrom6-
s 1)6=obeyscomman
w sw sw sw w
s
d
5=localizes pain4 df sw
=withdraws
sw
3 =flexion(decorticateposturing) 2 =extension(dec
df sw sw w
s sw df
erebrateposturing)1 sw
=none
sw
Anurseshouldteachwhichofthe requiringcrutches
sw use w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw
athree-
A. who sw tobearfull bothlowerextremities. w
s w
s w
s sw sw
B. whohasbilaterallegbracesduetoparalysisofthelowerextremities.
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
C. whohasarightfemurfracturewithnoweightbearingontheaffectedleg.
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
D. whohasbilateralknee-replacementswithpartialweightbearingonbothlegs.
sw w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
-
theaffectedleg. sw w
s
Rationale: pointgait clienttobearallofhisweightononefoot.With sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
theclientbears both crutchesandthenontheuninvolved w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
leg,repeatingthesequence.Theaffected
sw theground. w
s sw w
s w
s sw
Anurseisprovidingteaching Mediterraneandiettoaclientwhohasanew
sw sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
diagnosisifhypertension.Whichofthefollowingstatementsby a sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
needforfurtherteaching? sw sw w
s
A."Iwill intakeof redmeattotwice weekly." sw sw w
s w
s sw
B."Icanhavedairyinmoderateportionsdaily."
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw
C."Icanhavefishtwotimesaweek."
sw sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s
D."Ican inmoderation."-
sw sw Answer✔A."Iwilllimitmyintakeofred
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
meattotwice weekly." sw w
s
Rationale:FollowingtheMediterraneandiet,redmeatshouldbelimitedtotwotimes sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
monthly.Theclientshouldhavedairyinmoderate toweekly.Theintake
sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
offishandseafood
sw leasttwotimesperweek.Drinkingwineisacceptablein
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
moderation.
Anurseisprovidingdietaryeducationtoaclientwithcholecystitiswhohasbeenprescribed alo
sw sw sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
w-
fat diet.Whichofthefollowingmealselectionsbytheclient indicatesunderstandingofeduc ation
df sw w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw
?
A. Roastbeefwithgravy,mashedpotatoes,icecream w
s w
s sw w
s sw sw
B. Macaroniandcheese,salad,pudding w
s w
s w
s
C. Creamedchickenonarollwithpeas w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s
D. Roast turkey,ricepilaf,greenbeans - df sw w
s w
s w
s sw
Correct Answer✔D.Roast turkey,ricepilaf,greenbeans df sw w
s df sw sw sw sw sw
Rationale: Roast turkey is a low- sw sw sw sw sw
fat proteinoptionthatwouldbeanexcellent choiceforalow-fatdiet.
df sw w
s w
s w
s df sw sw sw sw
Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
, Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
Aclient withacystoceleis encouragedto exercisetostrengthenpelvicfloormusclesandpr even
sw df sw w
s w
s df sw df sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
t pelvis organ prolapse.What exercise will the client need to perform?
df sw sw w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw df
A. Kegelexercises
B. Isometric exercises df
C. Circumductionexercises
D. Uterineextensionexercises- sw sw sw
Correct Answer✔A.KegelexercisesRationale:Kegelexercises strengthenthe pe lvic floor
df sw w
s w
s w
s sw df sw df sw df sw
muscles,whichresultsin sw w
s w
s
reductionorpreventionofpelvicprolapseandstressurinaryincontinence.Theothermention ed
sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
exercises have no direct effect on prevention orreductionof acystocele.
sw sw sw df df sw sw sw sw sw sw
Anurseiscaringforanolderadult delirium.Whichinterventionwillmost
sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw
effectivelyreducetheclient's falls? sw w
s sw w
s
A.Use ofanight-light.
sw sw
B.Demonstratehowtousethecalllight.
sw w
s w
s w
s w
s
C.Placebedsidetableincloseproximity.
sw sw w
s w
s w
s w
s
sw
reducestheoccurrenceofclientfallsaswellasreducingcalllightusageandincreasing w
s w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw
clientsatisfaction.
sw
Anurseiscaringfora prescribedfurosemide.Whichofthe
sw sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
followingfoodsshouldthenurseencouragetoincludeinhisdiet?
sw w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
A.Tablesaltsw sw
B.Eggyolks sw sw
C.Whitewine sw sw
D. sw Answer✔D.Oranges w
s
ionale: ientprescribedpotassium-wastingdiureticsshouldbeencouragedtoeat sw sw sw sw
foodshighinpotassium.Oranges,driedfruits,tomatoes,avocados,driedpeas,meats,
sw w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
broccoli,and allgoodsourcesofpotassium.Table
sw notagood w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
sourceofpotassium. sw sw
Amenopausal havingdifficultygettingtosleepandasks she w
s w
s sw sw sw sw sw
shouldincorporateinherdailyroutinetopromotesleep.Thenursewouldencourage w
s w
s w
s w
s sw sw sw sw
whichofthe sw sw w
s
A.Consumeawarm
sw w
s w
s
B. Takeaneveningwalkbeforebedtime. sw sw sw w
s w
s
C. Takeanafternoonnap. w
s
D. Limit alcoholandnicotinepriorto bedtime.-
df sw w
s w
s df sw
Correct Answer✔D.Limit alcoholandnicotinepriortobedtime.
df sw w
s df sw sw sw sw
Rationale: Limit alcohol, caffeine (stimulant), andnicotine (stimulant) at least 4 hrbefore bed tim
sw sw sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw sw
e. Exercise regularly; limit exercise at least 2 hrbefore bedtime. Limit fluids 2 to 4 hr before bedti
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw sw sw
me.
Anurse is caring fora client with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Define the characteristics of the ulc er.
sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw df sw sw sw
Capstone Fundamentals EXAM sw sw
