,NR 228 Exam 2 | Nutrition, Health & Wellness | Questions & Answers
| 2026/2027 Chamberlain
1.** Which nutrient provides the densest energy source?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats (lipids)
D) Vitamins
**Correct Answer:** C) Fats (lipids)
**Rationale:** Fats provide 9 kcal/g, the densest form of energy among the
macronutrients. Carbohydrates and proteins provide only 4 kcal/g each.
Vitamins do not provide energy.
---
**2.** A triglyceride is composed of:
A) Glycerol with two fatty acids attached
B) Glycerol with three amino acids attached
C) Glycerol with three fatty acids attached
D) Organic molecules formed in triangular chains
**Correct Answer:** C) Glycerol with three fatty acids attached
,**Rationale:** A triglyceride consists of a glycerol backbone with three fatty
acid chains attached. This is the primary form of fat stored in the body and
found in foods.
---
**3.** A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains how many double bonds on the
carbon chain?
A) One double bond
B) No double bonds
C) Oxidized bonds
D) Two or more double bonds
**Correct Answer:** D) Two or more double bonds
**Rationale:** Polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds on
the carbon chain. Monounsaturated fatty acids have one double bond.
Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds.
---
**4.** Sex hormones, bile, and vitamin D are formed in the body from which
type of lipid?
A) Sterols
B) Triglycerides
C) Phospholipids
D) Chylomicrons
, **Correct Answer:** A) Sterols
**Rationale:** Sterols are a type of lipid that serve as precursors for sex
hormones, bile acids, and vitamin D. Cholesterol is the most well-known
sterol.
---
**5.** Which fatty acid is considered essential and must be obtained through
the diet?
A) Stearic acid
B) Linoleic acid
C) Oleic acid
D) Palmitic acid
**Correct Answer:** B) Linoleic acid
**Rationale:** Linoleic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid that the human body
cannot synthesize and must be obtained through the diet. It is vital for
maintaining cell membranes and producing hormone-like substances.
Deficiency can lead to skin lesions and impaired growth.
---
**6.** A patient receiving fat-free parenteral nutrition develops eczema.
What is the most likely cause?
| 2026/2027 Chamberlain
1.** Which nutrient provides the densest energy source?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats (lipids)
D) Vitamins
**Correct Answer:** C) Fats (lipids)
**Rationale:** Fats provide 9 kcal/g, the densest form of energy among the
macronutrients. Carbohydrates and proteins provide only 4 kcal/g each.
Vitamins do not provide energy.
---
**2.** A triglyceride is composed of:
A) Glycerol with two fatty acids attached
B) Glycerol with three amino acids attached
C) Glycerol with three fatty acids attached
D) Organic molecules formed in triangular chains
**Correct Answer:** C) Glycerol with three fatty acids attached
,**Rationale:** A triglyceride consists of a glycerol backbone with three fatty
acid chains attached. This is the primary form of fat stored in the body and
found in foods.
---
**3.** A polyunsaturated fatty acid contains how many double bonds on the
carbon chain?
A) One double bond
B) No double bonds
C) Oxidized bonds
D) Two or more double bonds
**Correct Answer:** D) Two or more double bonds
**Rationale:** Polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds on
the carbon chain. Monounsaturated fatty acids have one double bond.
Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds.
---
**4.** Sex hormones, bile, and vitamin D are formed in the body from which
type of lipid?
A) Sterols
B) Triglycerides
C) Phospholipids
D) Chylomicrons
, **Correct Answer:** A) Sterols
**Rationale:** Sterols are a type of lipid that serve as precursors for sex
hormones, bile acids, and vitamin D. Cholesterol is the most well-known
sterol.
---
**5.** Which fatty acid is considered essential and must be obtained through
the diet?
A) Stearic acid
B) Linoleic acid
C) Oleic acid
D) Palmitic acid
**Correct Answer:** B) Linoleic acid
**Rationale:** Linoleic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid that the human body
cannot synthesize and must be obtained through the diet. It is vital for
maintaining cell membranes and producing hormone-like substances.
Deficiency can lead to skin lesions and impaired growth.
---
**6.** A patient receiving fat-free parenteral nutrition develops eczema.
What is the most likely cause?
