,NR 228 Exam 1 | Nutrition, Health & Wellness | Questions & Answers
| 2026/2027 Chamberlain
1.** What are the six categories of nutrients required by the body?
A) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and fiber
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water
C) Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, sugars, minerals, and water
D) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and alcohol
**Correct Answer:** B) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and water
**Rationale:** The six categories of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids (fats), vitamins, minerals, and water. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate,
not a separate nutrient category. Alcohol is not considered a nutrient.
---
**2.** Which nutrients are energy-yielding (provide calories)?
A) Vitamins, minerals, and water
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
C) Carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
D) Proteins, water, and fiber
**Correct Answer:** B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
,**Rationale:** Carbohydrates (4 kcal/g), proteins (4 kcal/g), and lipids (9
kcal/g) are the energy-yielding macronutrients. Vitamins, minerals, and water
do not provide energy but are essential for metabolic processes. Alcohol
provides 7 kcal/g but is not considered a nutrient.
---
**3.** Which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats (lipids)
D) Vitamins
**Correct Answer:** C) Fats (lipids)
**Rationale:** Fats provide 9 kcal/g, the densest form of energy among the
macronutrients. Carbohydrates and proteins provide only 4 kcal/g each.
Vitamins do not provide energy.
---
**4.** A patient consumes 2,000 kcal/day. If protein should comprise 10–35%
of total daily calories, what is the recommended protein intake in grams?
A) 20–50 g
B) 50–175 g
C) 70–150 g
D) 100–200 g
, **Correct Answer:** B) 50–175 g
**Rationale:** Protein provides 4 kcal/g. 10–35% of 2,000 kcal = 200–700
kcal. 200 ÷ 4 = 50 g; 700 ÷ 4 = 175 g. Therefore, the recommended protein
intake is 50–175 g.
---
**5.** What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
A) Building and repairing body tissues
B) Providing the primary fuel for the brain and central nervous system
C) Insulating the body and protecting organs
D) Forming enzymes and hormones
**Correct Answer:** B) Providing the primary fuel for the brain and central
nervous system
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates are the body's preferred and most readily
available source of energy. The brain and central nervous system rely almost
exclusively on glucose (a carbohydrate) for fuel.
---
**6.** Which of the following is a complete protein source?
A) Rice
| 2026/2027 Chamberlain
1.** What are the six categories of nutrients required by the body?
A) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and fiber
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water
C) Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, sugars, minerals, and water
D) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and alcohol
**Correct Answer:** B) Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals,
and water
**Rationale:** The six categories of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids (fats), vitamins, minerals, and water. Fiber is a type of carbohydrate,
not a separate nutrient category. Alcohol is not considered a nutrient.
---
**2.** Which nutrients are energy-yielding (provide calories)?
A) Vitamins, minerals, and water
B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
C) Carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
D) Proteins, water, and fiber
**Correct Answer:** B) Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
,**Rationale:** Carbohydrates (4 kcal/g), proteins (4 kcal/g), and lipids (9
kcal/g) are the energy-yielding macronutrients. Vitamins, minerals, and water
do not provide energy but are essential for metabolic processes. Alcohol
provides 7 kcal/g but is not considered a nutrient.
---
**3.** Which macronutrient provides the most energy per gram?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Proteins
C) Fats (lipids)
D) Vitamins
**Correct Answer:** C) Fats (lipids)
**Rationale:** Fats provide 9 kcal/g, the densest form of energy among the
macronutrients. Carbohydrates and proteins provide only 4 kcal/g each.
Vitamins do not provide energy.
---
**4.** A patient consumes 2,000 kcal/day. If protein should comprise 10–35%
of total daily calories, what is the recommended protein intake in grams?
A) 20–50 g
B) 50–175 g
C) 70–150 g
D) 100–200 g
, **Correct Answer:** B) 50–175 g
**Rationale:** Protein provides 4 kcal/g. 10–35% of 2,000 kcal = 200–700
kcal. 200 ÷ 4 = 50 g; 700 ÷ 4 = 175 g. Therefore, the recommended protein
intake is 50–175 g.
---
**5.** What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
A) Building and repairing body tissues
B) Providing the primary fuel for the brain and central nervous system
C) Insulating the body and protecting organs
D) Forming enzymes and hormones
**Correct Answer:** B) Providing the primary fuel for the brain and central
nervous system
**Rationale:** Carbohydrates are the body's preferred and most readily
available source of energy. The brain and central nervous system rely almost
exclusively on glucose (a carbohydrate) for fuel.
---
**6.** Which of the following is a complete protein source?
A) Rice
