CMN 552 EXAMINATION TEST COMPLETE
STUDY GUIDE WITH SOLVED Q AND A
2026
◉ Risk Factors for development of bipolar disorder
Answer: childhood adversity, cannabis and other substance use,
previously married, genetic processes
◉ common differential diagnosis for bipolar disorder
Answer: major depressive disorder, other bipolar disorders, GAD,
Panic disorder, PTSD, bipolar, substance/medication induced bipolar
disorder, schizoaffective disorder, adhd, disruptive mood
dysregulation disorder, personality disorders
◉ differentiate depressive episodes in bipolar 1 disorder vs bipolar
II disorder
Answer: past episodes of mania, bipolar 1 accompanied by manic
episodes bipolar II no manic just hypomanic
◉ For at least 2 years (at least 1 year in children and adolescents)
there have been numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms that
do not meet criteria for a hypomanic episode and numerous periods
,with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major
depressive episode.
Answer: cyclothymia
◉ symptoms of depression in children
Answer: 2 week duration of depressed or irritable mood and/or loss
of interest or pleasure
usually irritable rather than depressed
weight or appetite change
sleep disturbance
psychomotor retardation or agitation
fatigue or loss of energy
feelings of worthlessness or guilt
diminished concentration
suicidal ideations, intent, or plan
IMPAIRMENT in child's functioning critical to diagnosis in youth
◉ mood disturbance symptoms in depression
Answer: mood change: painful arousal, hypersensitivity to
unpleasant events, insensitivity to pleasant events, insensitivity to
unpleasant events, reduced anticipatory pleasure, anhedonia
affecting blunting, apathy
,◉ severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally (verbal
rages) and/or behaviorally (physical aggression toward people or
property) that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration
to the situation or provocation
Answer: disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
◉ family and twin data collectively suggest that genes explain
approximately what percent of bipolar disorder and what percent of
major depression
Answer: 75%, 37%
◉ depressed mood for most of the day, for most days than not, as
indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for
at least 2 years
Answer: persistent depressive disorder
◉ DIGFAST
Answer: Manic Episode: distractibility, indiscretion, grandiosity,
flight of ideas, activity increase, sleep deficit, talkativeness
◉ contraindications of bright light therapy
Answer: patients with glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration,
retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa or retinopathy, patients
taking photosensitizing medications
, ◉ indications for bright light therapy
Answer: seasonal affective disorder, circadian rhythm sleep
disorders, insomnia, postpartum depression, nonseasonal
depression, bipolar depression, parkinson's disease, adhd, dementia,
fibromyalgia, delirium
◉ 3 levels of CBT therapy:
Answer: automatic thoughts, intermediate beliefs, cognitive
schemata
◉ automatic thoughts:
Answer: the conscious response to stimuli
◉ intermediate beliefs:
Answer: assumptions about the self, the world, and the future that
led to the automatic thought occurring in response to a particular
stimulus
◉ cognitive schema:
Answer: the content (the beliefs) and the organization of that
content, an individual schema determines which stimuli are most
likely noticed and encoded in memory, which stimuli are ignored or
STUDY GUIDE WITH SOLVED Q AND A
2026
◉ Risk Factors for development of bipolar disorder
Answer: childhood adversity, cannabis and other substance use,
previously married, genetic processes
◉ common differential diagnosis for bipolar disorder
Answer: major depressive disorder, other bipolar disorders, GAD,
Panic disorder, PTSD, bipolar, substance/medication induced bipolar
disorder, schizoaffective disorder, adhd, disruptive mood
dysregulation disorder, personality disorders
◉ differentiate depressive episodes in bipolar 1 disorder vs bipolar
II disorder
Answer: past episodes of mania, bipolar 1 accompanied by manic
episodes bipolar II no manic just hypomanic
◉ For at least 2 years (at least 1 year in children and adolescents)
there have been numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms that
do not meet criteria for a hypomanic episode and numerous periods
,with depressive symptoms that do not meet criteria for a major
depressive episode.
Answer: cyclothymia
◉ symptoms of depression in children
Answer: 2 week duration of depressed or irritable mood and/or loss
of interest or pleasure
usually irritable rather than depressed
weight or appetite change
sleep disturbance
psychomotor retardation or agitation
fatigue or loss of energy
feelings of worthlessness or guilt
diminished concentration
suicidal ideations, intent, or plan
IMPAIRMENT in child's functioning critical to diagnosis in youth
◉ mood disturbance symptoms in depression
Answer: mood change: painful arousal, hypersensitivity to
unpleasant events, insensitivity to pleasant events, insensitivity to
unpleasant events, reduced anticipatory pleasure, anhedonia
affecting blunting, apathy
,◉ severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally (verbal
rages) and/or behaviorally (physical aggression toward people or
property) that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration
to the situation or provocation
Answer: disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
◉ family and twin data collectively suggest that genes explain
approximately what percent of bipolar disorder and what percent of
major depression
Answer: 75%, 37%
◉ depressed mood for most of the day, for most days than not, as
indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for
at least 2 years
Answer: persistent depressive disorder
◉ DIGFAST
Answer: Manic Episode: distractibility, indiscretion, grandiosity,
flight of ideas, activity increase, sleep deficit, talkativeness
◉ contraindications of bright light therapy
Answer: patients with glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration,
retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa or retinopathy, patients
taking photosensitizing medications
, ◉ indications for bright light therapy
Answer: seasonal affective disorder, circadian rhythm sleep
disorders, insomnia, postpartum depression, nonseasonal
depression, bipolar depression, parkinson's disease, adhd, dementia,
fibromyalgia, delirium
◉ 3 levels of CBT therapy:
Answer: automatic thoughts, intermediate beliefs, cognitive
schemata
◉ automatic thoughts:
Answer: the conscious response to stimuli
◉ intermediate beliefs:
Answer: assumptions about the self, the world, and the future that
led to the automatic thought occurring in response to a particular
stimulus
◉ cognitive schema:
Answer: the content (the beliefs) and the organization of that
content, an individual schema determines which stimuli are most
likely noticed and encoded in memory, which stimuli are ignored or
