Anatomy and Physiology ATI TEAS Test
Study Guide — Exam Questions and
Answers
Table of Contents
Section 1: Anatomical Terminology and Organization (Questions 1–12)
Section 2: Cell Biology and Tissue Types (Questions 13–25)
Section 3: Integumentary System (Questions 26–32)
Section 4: Skeletal System (Questions 33–42)
Section 5: Muscular System (Questions 43–52)
Section 6: Nervous System (Questions 53–64)
Section 7: Endocrine System (Questions 65–76)
Section 8: Cardiovascular System (Questions 77–94)
Section 9: Respiratory System (Questions 95–106)
Section 10: Digestive System (Questions 107–118)
Section 11: Urinary System (Questions 119–128)
Section 12: Reproductive System and Immunology (Questions 129–138)
Section 13: Homeostasis, Fluid Balance, and Miscellaneous (Questions 139–150)
Section 1: Anatomical Terminology and Organization
1. Which of the following anatomical planes divides the body into equal right and left
halves?
• A) Sagittal plane
• B) Parasagittal plane
• C) Coronal plane
, • D) Transverse plane
CorreCt Answer: A) Sagittal plane
Rationale: The sagittal (median) plane divides the body into equal right and left halves. A
parasagittal plane divides the body into unequal right and left portions. The coronal (frontal)
plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections, while the transverse (horizontal)
plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions.
2. Which of the following body parts is in a superior position to the lungs?
• A) Stomach
• B) Spleen
• C) Trachea
• D) Diaphragm
CorreCt Answer: C) Trachea
Rationale: The trachea is located superior (above) to the lungs. The stomach and spleen are
inferior to the lungs, and the diaphragm is inferior to the lungs, separating the thoracic and
abdominal cavities.
3. The term "proximal" refers to a structure that is:
• A) Closer to the midline of the body
• B) Farther from the point of attachment to the trunk
• C) Closer to the point of attachment to the trunk
• D) Toward the back of the body
CorreCt Answer: C) Closer to the point of attachment to the trunk
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin (e.g., the shoulder is
proximal to the elbow). Distal means farther from the point of attachment.
4. Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?
, • A) Abdominal cavity
• B) Pelvic cavity
• C) Thoracic cavity
• D) Cranial cavity
CorreCt Answer: C) Thoracic cavity
Rationale: The thoracic cavity is the superior portion of the ventral body cavity and contains
the heart (within the pericardial cavity) and lungs (within the pleural cavities). The abdominal
cavity contains digestive organs, and the cranial cavity contains the brain.
5. The directional term that means "toward the front of the body" is:
• A) Posterior
• B) Dorsal
• C) Ventral
• D) Medial
CorreCt Answer: C) Ventral
Rationale: Ventral refers to the front (anterior) aspect of the body. Dorsal refers to the back
(posterior) aspect. Medial refers to a position closer to the midline.
6. Which of the following best describes the location of the elbow relative to the wrist?
• A) Distal
• B) Proximal
• C) Lateral
• D) Inferior
CorreCt Answer: B) Proximal
Rationale: The elbow is proximal to the wrist because it is closer to the point of attachment
(the shoulder). The wrist is distal to the elbow.
, 7. The abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into how many quadrants?
• A) Two
• B) Four
• C) Six
• D) Nine
CorreCt Answer: B) Four
Rationale: The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into four quadrants (right upper, left upper,
right lower, left lower) for clinical reference. It can also be divided into nine regions, but the
quadrant system is more commonly used in clinical settings.
8. Which serous membrane covers the surface of the lungs?
• A) Pericardium
• B) Peritoneum
• C) Pleura
• D) Mesentery
CorreCt Answer: C) Pleura
Rationale: The pleura is the serous membrane that covers the lungs (visceral pleura) and lines
the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura). The pericardium covers the heart, and the peritoneum
covers abdominal organs.
9. A transverse plane divides the body into:
• A) Right and left portions
• B) Anterior and posterior portions
• C) Superior and inferior portions
• D) Medial and lateral portions
Study Guide — Exam Questions and
Answers
Table of Contents
Section 1: Anatomical Terminology and Organization (Questions 1–12)
Section 2: Cell Biology and Tissue Types (Questions 13–25)
Section 3: Integumentary System (Questions 26–32)
Section 4: Skeletal System (Questions 33–42)
Section 5: Muscular System (Questions 43–52)
Section 6: Nervous System (Questions 53–64)
Section 7: Endocrine System (Questions 65–76)
Section 8: Cardiovascular System (Questions 77–94)
Section 9: Respiratory System (Questions 95–106)
Section 10: Digestive System (Questions 107–118)
Section 11: Urinary System (Questions 119–128)
Section 12: Reproductive System and Immunology (Questions 129–138)
Section 13: Homeostasis, Fluid Balance, and Miscellaneous (Questions 139–150)
Section 1: Anatomical Terminology and Organization
1. Which of the following anatomical planes divides the body into equal right and left
halves?
• A) Sagittal plane
• B) Parasagittal plane
• C) Coronal plane
, • D) Transverse plane
CorreCt Answer: A) Sagittal plane
Rationale: The sagittal (median) plane divides the body into equal right and left halves. A
parasagittal plane divides the body into unequal right and left portions. The coronal (frontal)
plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections, while the transverse (horizontal)
plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions.
2. Which of the following body parts is in a superior position to the lungs?
• A) Stomach
• B) Spleen
• C) Trachea
• D) Diaphragm
CorreCt Answer: C) Trachea
Rationale: The trachea is located superior (above) to the lungs. The stomach and spleen are
inferior to the lungs, and the diaphragm is inferior to the lungs, separating the thoracic and
abdominal cavities.
3. The term "proximal" refers to a structure that is:
• A) Closer to the midline of the body
• B) Farther from the point of attachment to the trunk
• C) Closer to the point of attachment to the trunk
• D) Toward the back of the body
CorreCt Answer: C) Closer to the point of attachment to the trunk
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin (e.g., the shoulder is
proximal to the elbow). Distal means farther from the point of attachment.
4. Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?
, • A) Abdominal cavity
• B) Pelvic cavity
• C) Thoracic cavity
• D) Cranial cavity
CorreCt Answer: C) Thoracic cavity
Rationale: The thoracic cavity is the superior portion of the ventral body cavity and contains
the heart (within the pericardial cavity) and lungs (within the pleural cavities). The abdominal
cavity contains digestive organs, and the cranial cavity contains the brain.
5. The directional term that means "toward the front of the body" is:
• A) Posterior
• B) Dorsal
• C) Ventral
• D) Medial
CorreCt Answer: C) Ventral
Rationale: Ventral refers to the front (anterior) aspect of the body. Dorsal refers to the back
(posterior) aspect. Medial refers to a position closer to the midline.
6. Which of the following best describes the location of the elbow relative to the wrist?
• A) Distal
• B) Proximal
• C) Lateral
• D) Inferior
CorreCt Answer: B) Proximal
Rationale: The elbow is proximal to the wrist because it is closer to the point of attachment
(the shoulder). The wrist is distal to the elbow.
, 7. The abdominopelvic cavity can be divided into how many quadrants?
• A) Two
• B) Four
• C) Six
• D) Nine
CorreCt Answer: B) Four
Rationale: The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into four quadrants (right upper, left upper,
right lower, left lower) for clinical reference. It can also be divided into nine regions, but the
quadrant system is more commonly used in clinical settings.
8. Which serous membrane covers the surface of the lungs?
• A) Pericardium
• B) Peritoneum
• C) Pleura
• D) Mesentery
CorreCt Answer: C) Pleura
Rationale: The pleura is the serous membrane that covers the lungs (visceral pleura) and lines
the thoracic cavity (parietal pleura). The pericardium covers the heart, and the peritoneum
covers abdominal organs.
9. A transverse plane divides the body into:
• A) Right and left portions
• B) Anterior and posterior portions
• C) Superior and inferior portions
• D) Medial and lateral portions
