PSYCHOSOCIAL AND END-OF-LIFE ISSUES IN HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
1. What is the competence-environmental press model?*Answer√√ A framework that
describes how a person's competence interacts with environmental demands to influence adaptation and well-
being.
2. What are the two main components of the competence-environmental press
model?
*Answer√√ Competence and environmental press.
3. Define competence in the context of aging.*Answer√√ The upper limit of physical health,
ego strength,
sensory-perceptual, motor, and cognitive skills that enable a person to function ettectively.
4. What does environmental press refer to?*Answer√√ The physical, interpersonal, or social
demands that the environment imposes on an individual.
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,5. What is the adaptation level in the competence-environmental press mod-el?
*Answer√√ The point at which the environmental press is average for a particular level of competence, leading to
comfort and ettective functioning.
6. What is the zone of maximum performance potential?*Answer√√ A range where
environmental press is slightly higher than the adaptation level, stimulating personal growth and skill
development.
7. What is the zone of maximum comfort?*Answer√√ A range where environmental press is
slightly lower than the adaptation level, leading to safety and relaxation but potentially causing boredom.
8. How can the competence-environmental press model be applied to older
adults with dementia?
*Answer√√ They require a low-press environment to avoid feeling overwhelmed due to their lower
competence.
9. What is the significance of finding the right balance between competence
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,and environmental press?
*Answer√√ It optimizes well-being and functioning for older adults.
10. What does proactivity mean in the context of aging?
*Answer√√ Choosing new behaviors to exert
control over changes when faced with challenges, often seen in individuals with high competence.
11. What is docility in the context of aging?
*Answer√√ Allowing the situation to dictate one's options when changes occur, often seen in individuals
with low competence.
12. What is the goal of healthy aging according to the psychosocial theories?
*Answer√√ To prioritize wellness and healthy lifestyles for improved quality of life in older adults.
13. What factors contribute to a person's competence?
*Answer√√ Physical health, ego strength, sensory-perceptual skills, motor skills, and cognitive skills.
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, 14. What are some examples of physical demands in environmental press?
*Answer√√ Ar-chitectural barriers, excessive noise, extreme weather, and complicated designs of everyday
objects.
15. What are interpersonal demands in environmental press?
*Answer√√ Family conflicts, social expectations, and the need to interact with others.
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DEVELOPMENT
1. What is the competence-environmental press model?*Answer√√ A framework that
describes how a person's competence interacts with environmental demands to influence adaptation and well-
being.
2. What are the two main components of the competence-environmental press
model?
*Answer√√ Competence and environmental press.
3. Define competence in the context of aging.*Answer√√ The upper limit of physical health,
ego strength,
sensory-perceptual, motor, and cognitive skills that enable a person to function ettectively.
4. What does environmental press refer to?*Answer√√ The physical, interpersonal, or social
demands that the environment imposes on an individual.
1/
35
,5. What is the adaptation level in the competence-environmental press mod-el?
*Answer√√ The point at which the environmental press is average for a particular level of competence, leading to
comfort and ettective functioning.
6. What is the zone of maximum performance potential?*Answer√√ A range where
environmental press is slightly higher than the adaptation level, stimulating personal growth and skill
development.
7. What is the zone of maximum comfort?*Answer√√ A range where environmental press is
slightly lower than the adaptation level, leading to safety and relaxation but potentially causing boredom.
8. How can the competence-environmental press model be applied to older
adults with dementia?
*Answer√√ They require a low-press environment to avoid feeling overwhelmed due to their lower
competence.
9. What is the significance of finding the right balance between competence
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35
,and environmental press?
*Answer√√ It optimizes well-being and functioning for older adults.
10. What does proactivity mean in the context of aging?
*Answer√√ Choosing new behaviors to exert
control over changes when faced with challenges, often seen in individuals with high competence.
11. What is docility in the context of aging?
*Answer√√ Allowing the situation to dictate one's options when changes occur, often seen in individuals
with low competence.
12. What is the goal of healthy aging according to the psychosocial theories?
*Answer√√ To prioritize wellness and healthy lifestyles for improved quality of life in older adults.
13. What factors contribute to a person's competence?
*Answer√√ Physical health, ego strength, sensory-perceptual skills, motor skills, and cognitive skills.
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35
, 14. What are some examples of physical demands in environmental press?
*Answer√√ Ar-chitectural barriers, excessive noise, extreme weather, and complicated designs of everyday
objects.
15. What are interpersonal demands in environmental press?
*Answer√√ Family conflicts, social expectations, and the need to interact with others.
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